Retraction notice to “Biotransfer of heavy metals along the soil-plant-edible insect-human food chain in Africa” [Sci. Total Environ. 881(2023) 163150] (Science of the Total Environment (2023) 881, (S0048969723017692), (10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163150))

Susan Mwelwa, Copperbelt University
Donald Chungu, Cavendish University
Frank Tailoka, Mukuba University
Dennis Beesigamukama, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology Nairobi
Chrysantus Tanga, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology Nairobi

Abstract

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editors. Concerns were raised regarding the unrealistic concentrations mentioned throughout the article. The corresponding author was contacted for comment about these concerns but was unable to provide a suitable explanation. The Editors have therefore lost confidence in the reliability of the findings presented in this article as a whole.