Publication Type

Journal Article

Journal Name

Environmental Science and Engineering

Publication Date

1-1-2025

Abstract

Fluoride exceeding safe levels in water poses a serious health risk worldwide. From skeletal fluorosis to damage in kidneys, brains, thyroids and livers. Chronic exposure harms humans and other organisms. While fluoride is essential in low amounts, higher concentrations necessitate control measures. These elevated levels can arise from natural geological processes or human activities. This chapter explores phytoremediation, a promising biological and environmentally friendly approach for mitigating fluoride contamination in water. The effectiveness of various plants, including land plants for groundwater and fast-growing aquatic plants for surface water were explored for potential phytoremediation use. Moreover, the evaluation of how these plants remove fluoride and the mechanisms behind their absorption and accumulation were reviewed. Finally, the advantages of phytoremediation as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution for treating fluoride-contaminated water resource as compared to conventional methods were highlighted in this context.

Keywords

Fluoride, Plants, Remediation

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