Publication Type
Journal Article
Journal Name
BMC Genomics
Publication Date
12-1-2024
Abstract
Background: The use of microsporidia as a disease-transmission-blocking tool has garnered significant attention. Microsporidia sp. MB, known for its ability to block malaria development in mosquitoes, is an optimal candidate for supplementing malaria vector control methods. This symbiont, found in Anopheles mosquitoes, can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally with minimal effects on its mosquito host. Its genome, recently sequenced from An. arabiensis, comprises a compact 5.9 Mbp. Results: Here, we analyze the Microsporidia sp. MB genome, highlighting its major genomic features, gene content, and protein function. The genome contains 2247 genes, predominantly encoding enzymes. Unlike other members of the Enterocytozoonida group, Microsporidia sp. MB has retained most of the genes in the glycolytic pathway. Genes involved in RNA interference (RNAi) were also identified, suggesting a mechanism for host immune suppression. Importantly, meiosis-related genes (MRG) were detected, indicating potential for sexual reproduction in this organism. Comparative analyses revealed similarities with its closest relative, Vittaforma corneae, despite key differences in host interactions. Conclusion: This study provides an in-depth analysis of the newly sequenced Microsporidia sp. MB genome, uncovering its unique adaptations for intracellular parasitism, including retention of essential metabolic pathways and RNAi machinery. The identification of MRGs suggests the possibility of sexual reproduction, offering insights into the symbiont’s evolutionary strategies. Establishing a reference genome for Microsporidia sp. MB sets the foundation for future studies on its role in malaria transmission dynamics and host-parasite interactions.
Keywords
Annotation, Anopheles, Biocontrol, Genome, Glycolytic pathway, Malaria, Microsporidia, RNA interference, Symbiosis, Transmission-blocking
PubMed ID
39578727
Funding Statement
The authors acknowledge funding from the Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD); the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA); Open Philanthropy (SYMBIOVECTOR Track A); the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV0225840); the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC); the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR); the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; and the Government of the Republic of Kenya. The views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the donors.
Recommended Citation
Ang’ang’o, L., Herren, J., & Tastan Bishop, Ö. (2024). Bioinformatics analysis of the Microsporidia sp. MB genome: a malaria transmission-blocking symbiont of the Anopheles arabiensis mosquito. BMC Genomics, 25 (1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-11046-y