Content Posted in 2025

Understanding the long-lasting attraction of malaria mosquitoes to odor baits, Collins K. Mweresa, Bruno Otieno, Philemon Omusula, Berhane T. Weldegergis, Niels O. Verhulst, Marcel Dicke, Joop J.A. Van Loon, Willem Takken, and Wolfgang R. Mukabana

Understanding variability in crop response to fertilizer and amendments in sub-Saharan Africa, Job Kihara, Generose Nziguheba, Shamie Zingore, Adama Coulibaly, Anthony Esilaba, Vernon Kabambe, Samuel Njoroge, Cheryl Palm, and Jeroen Huising

Unearthing Lactococcus lactis and Scheffersomyeces symbionts from edible wood-boring beetle larvae as a bio-resource for industrial applications, Shadrack Kibet, Cynthia M. Mudalungu, Njogu M. Kimani, John Mark O. Makwatta, James Kabii, Subramanian Sevgan, Segenet Kelemu, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Unexpected diversity of Wolbachia associated with bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Africa, Joseph Gichuhi, Fathiya M. Khamis, Johnnie Van den Berg, Sunday Ekesi, and Jeremy K. Herren

Unforeseen misuses of bed nets in fishing villages along Lake Victoria, Noboru Minakawa, Gabriel O. Dida, Gorge O. Sonye, Kyoko Futami, and Satoshi Kaneko

Unity in defence: Honeybee workers exhibit conserved molecular responses to diverse pathogens, Vincent Doublet, Yvonne Poeschl, Andreas Gogol-Döring, Cédric Alaux, Desiderato Annoscia, Christian Aurori, Seth M. Barribeau, Oscar C. Bedoya-Reina, Mark J.F. Brown, James C. Bull, Michelle L. Flenniken, David A. Galbraith, Elke Genersch, Sebastian Gisder, Ivo Grosse, Holly L. Holt, Dan Hultmark, H. Michael G. Lattorff, Yves Le Conte, Fabio Manfredini, Dino P. McMahon, Robin F.A. Moritz, Francesco Nazzi, Elina L. Niño, Katja Nowick, Ronald P. van Rij, Robert J. Paxton, and Christina M. Grozinger

Universal research index: An inclusive metric to quantify scientific research output, Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi, Niloufar Yazdanpanah, Sajad Kolahchi, Heliya Ziaei, Gary L. Darmstadt, Tommaso Dorigo, Filip Dochy, Lisa Levin, Visith Thongboonkerd, Shuji Ogino, Wei Hsin Chen, Matjaz Perc, Mark S. Tremblay, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Idupulapati M. Rao, Nikos Hatziargyriou, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Federico Bella, Laszlo Rosivall, Amir H. Gandomi, Armin Sorooshian, Manoj Gupta, Ciprian Gal, Andres M. Lozano, Connie Weaver, Michael Tanzer, Alessandro Poggi, and Sadaf G. Sepanlou

Universal research index: An inclusive metric to quantify scientific research output, Lucie Rogo and Nicholas Oguge

Unleashing the power of vegetables and fruits in Southern Africa, Thomas Dubois, Thibault Nordey, and Umezuruike Linus Opara

Unlocking Maize Crop Productivity through Improved Management Practices in Northern Tanzania, Kihara J, Kizito F, Jumbo M, Kinyua M, and M. Bekunda

Unlocking open science in Africa: Mentorship and grassroot community building, Caleb K. Kibet

Unpacking postharvest losses in sub-Saharan Africa: A Meta-Analysis, Hippolyte Affognon, Christopher Mutungi, Pascal Sanginga, and Christian Borgemeister

Unpacking the benefits of black soldier fly frass fertilizer towards nematode suppression and potato production, Emmanuel O. Anedo, Dennis Beesigamukama, Benson Mochoge, Nicholas K. Korir, Solveig Haukeland, Xavier Cheseto, Moses Nyongesa, Patrick Pwaipwai, Sevgan Subramanian, Abdou Tenkouano, Betty Kibaara, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Unraveling host-vector-arbovirus interactions by two-gene high resolution melting mosquito bloodmeal analysis in a Kenyan wildlife-livestock interface, David Omondi, Daniel K. Masiga, Yvonne Ukamaka Ajamma, Burtram C. Fielding, Laban Njoroge, and Jandouwe Villinger

Unraveling the physicochemical attributes of three cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus)-enriched biscuit products and implications on consumers’ preference and willingness to pay, Divina Arama, John Kinyuru, Jeremiah Ng'ang'a, Beatrice Kiage-Mokua, Brian O. Ochieng, and Chrysantus Mbi Tanga

Unraveling the Potential of Black Soldier Fly Larvae as a Sustainable Protein Source for Nile Tilapia Production in Diverse Aquaculture Systems, Jonathan Munguti, Mavindu Muthoka, Jimmy B. Mboya, Domitila Kyule, Menaga Meenakshisundaram, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Unravelling causes of poor crop response to applied N and P fertilizers on African soils, Gudeta W. Sileshi, Job Kihara, Lulseged Tamene, Bernard Vanlauwe, Elijah Phiri, and Bashir Jama

Unravelling the nutritional and health benefits of marketable winged termites (Macrotermes spp.) as sustainable food sources in Africa, Xavier Cheseto, Brian O. Ochieng, Sevgan Subramanian, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Unravelling the nutritional and health benefits of wheat bread enriched with meat powder from laying hen fed diet with insect (Hermetia illucens) meal, Marcasy P. Makokha, Patrick S. Muliro, Peninah N. Ngoda, Changeh J. Ghemoh, Sevgan Subramanian, Cheseto Xavier, Brian O. Ochieng, Sunday Ekesi, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Unveiling Environmental Influences on Sustainable Fertilizer Production through Insect Farming, Malontema Katchali, Kennedy Senagi, Edward Richard, Dennis Beesigamukama, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Gina Athanasiou, Theodore Zahariadis, Domenica Casciano, Alexandre Lazarou, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Unveiling the determinants of the spatial variability of nitrogen sources use in the Lake Victoria basin, East Africa, Catherine Mathenge, Stephen Mureithi, Soul Kifouly Midingoyi, Benjamin Nyilitya, Geoffrey Kironchi, and Cargele Masso

Updated assessment of potential biopesticide options for managing fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Africa, Melanie L. Bateman, Roger K. Day, Ivan Rwomushana, Sevgan Subramanian, Kenneth Wilson, Dirk Babendreier, Belinda Luke, and Steve Edgington

Updated phylogenetic and systematics of the Acrapex albivena Hampson, 1910 and A. stygiata (Hampson, 1910) species groups (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with the description of nine new species from the Afrotropics, Bruno Le Ru, Boaz K. Musyoka, Claire Capdevielle-Dulac, Beatrice Pallangyo, Mohamedi Njaku, Muluken Goftishu, Yoseph Assefa, Gilson Chipabika, Desmong Conlong, George Ong’Amo, Jérôme Barbut, and Gael J. Kergoat

Uptake of promastigotes of a lizard Leishmania sp. and Leishmania donovani by mouse peritoneal macrophages, J. O. Olobo and M. J. Mutinga

Urbanization of Aedes mosquito populations and evolution of arboviral disease risk in Africa, Sheila B. Agha and David P. Tchouassi

Use of Anopheles-specific prey-capture behavior by the small juveniles of Evarcha culicivora, a mosquito-eating jumping spider, Ximena J. Nelson, Robert R. Jackson, and Godfrey Sune

Use of a Surrogate Stem for Eliciting Ovipositional Response of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Z. R. Khan and R. C. Saxena

Use of earth observation satellite data to guide the implementation of integrated pest and pollinator management (IPPM) technologies in an avocado production system, Marian Adan, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Stella Gachoki, Beatrice W. Muriithi, H. Michael G. Lattorff, Vivian Kerubo, Tobias Landmann, Samira A. Mohamed, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Thomas Dubois

Use of insects for fish and poultry compound feed in sub-Saharan Africa - A systematic review, G. Ssepuuya, V. Namulawa, D. Mbabazi, S. Mugerwa, P. Fuuna, Z. Nampijja, S. Ekesi, K. K.M. Fiaboe, and D. Nakimbugwe

Use of Integrated Soil Fertility Management Technologies in Malawi: Impact of Dry Spells Exposure, Samson P. Katengeza, Stein T. Holden, and Monica Fisher

Use of magnetic fields reduces α-chaconine, α-solanine, and total glycoalkaloids in stored potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.), Francis Gichuho Irungu, Chrysantus Mbi Tanga, Francis Gichuki Ndiritu, Lucy Mwaura, Mukani Moyo, and Symon Maina Mahungu

Use of Metarhizium anisopliae chitinase genes for genotyping and virulence characterization, Saliou Niassy, Sevgan Subramanian, Sunday Ekesi, Joel L. Bargul, Jandouwe Villinger, and Nguya K. Maniania

Use of modelling tools to assess climate change impacts on smallholder oil seed yields in South Africa, Priscilla Ntuchu Kephe, Siyabusa Mkuhlani, Farirai Rusere, and Abel Chemura

USE OF NATURAL PRODUCTS AND THEIR ANALOGUES FOR COMBATING PESTS OF AGRICULTURAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE IN AFRICA., D. L. Whitehead

Use of sleeve nets to improve survival of the Boisduval silkworm, Anaphe panda, in the Kakamega Forest of western Kenya, N. Mbahin, S. K. Raina, E. N. Kioko, and J. M. Mueke

Use of time series normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to monitor fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) damage on maize production systems in Africa, Marian Adan, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Klaus Greve, Christian Borgemeister, and Georg Goergen

Using a knowledge representation logic to estimate the availability of Imbrasia epimethea (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), an important edible insect in Subsaharan Africa, Komi M. Agboka, José T.C. Ouaba, Felix Meutchieye, Timoléon Tchuinkam, Tobias Landmann, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Saliou Niassy, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Using outbreak data to estimate the dynamic COVID-19 landscape in Eastern Africa, Mark Wamalwa and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Using participatory video materials for learning and disseminating push-pull technology among smallholder farmers in selected districts in Western Kenya, Sammy Shirima Olumola

Using sibship reconstructions to understand the relationship between larval habitat productivity and oviposition behaviour in Kenyan Anopheles arabiensis, Joel O. Odero, Ulrike Fillinger, Emily J. Rippon, Daniel K. Masiga, and David Weetman

Utilisation of wild gramineous plants for management of cereal stemborers in Africa, Z. R. Khan, P. Chiliswa, K. Ampong-Nyarko, L. E. Smart, A. Polaszek, J. Wandera, and M. A. Mulaa

Validating Indigenous Farmers’ Practice in the Management of the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) in Maize Cropping Systems in Africa, Saliou Niassy, Evanson Rigan Omuse, John Emanuel Khang’ati, Ines Bächinger, David Mfuti Kupesa, Xavier Cheseto, Benjamin W. Mbatha, Robert S. Copeland, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Mphatso Gama, Joyce Mulila Mitti, Yeneneh Belayneh, Nicolas Delabays, François Lefort, Sunday Ekesi, and Sevgan Subramanian

Variability in nutrient composition of the edible long-horned grasshopper (Ruspolia differens) in Uganda and its potential in alleviating food insecurity, Margaret Kababu, Collins K. Mweresa, Sevgan Subramanian, James P. Egonyu, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Variability in pheromone communication among different haplotype populations of busseola fusca, A. E. Félix, G. Genestier, C. Malosse, P. A. Calatayud, B. Le Rü, J. F. Silvain, and B. Frérot

Variability in the reproductive biology and in resistance against Cotesia sesamiae among two Busseola fusca populations, P. A. Calatayud, C. Gitau, S. Calatayud, S. Dupas, B. Le Ru, and J. F. Silvain

Variability of soybean response to rhizobia inoculant, vermicompost, and a legume-specific fertilizer blend in Siaya County of Kenya, Catherine Mathenge, Moses Thuita, Cargele Masso, Joseph Gweyi-Onyango, and Bernard Vanlauwe

Variation in encapsulation sensitivity of Cotesia sesamiae biotypes to Busseola fusca, Moses B. Mochiah, Adele J. Ngi-Song, William A. Overholt, and Richard Stouthamer

Variation in host preferences of malaria mosquitoes is mediated by skin bacterial volatiles, A. O. Busula, W. Takken, J. G. de Boer, W. R. Mukabana, and N. O. Verhulst

Variation in lipophorin titres during development in solitarious and gregarious schistocerca gregaria (forskàl) (orthoptera: Acrididae), D. O. Ogoyi and E. O. Osir

Variation in malaria transmission dynamics in three different sites in western kenya, S. S. Imbahale, W. R. Mukabana, B. Orindi, A. K. Githeko, and W. Takken

Variation in the effectiveness of insecticide treated nets against malaria and outdoor biting by vectors in kilifi, Kenya [version 4; referees: 1 approved, 3 approved with reservations], Alice Kamau, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Martin K. Rono, Polycarp Mogeni, Irene Omedo, Janet Midega, J. Anthony G. Scott, and Philip Bejon

Variation in total and differential haemocyte count of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) parasitized by two biotypes of Cotesia sesamiae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and larval growth responses, Moses B. Mochiah, Adele J. Ngi-Song, William A. Overholt, and Mary Botchey

Variation of Silicon in Soils and Maize plants along altitudinal gradients and its relationship with distribution of Lepidoptera Stem Borers, Elijah Wainaina Njuguna

Variations in races of the honeybee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Kenya, S. K. Raina and D. M. Kimbu

Varroa-specific hygienic behavior of Apis mellifera scutellata in Kenya, Sammy Kiprotich Cheruiyot, H. Michael G. Lattorff, Ruth Kahuthia-Gathu, Jenard Patrick Mbugi, and Elliud Muli

Varroa-specific Hygienic Behaviour and Population Abundance of Varroa Destructor in Colonies of Apis Mellifera Scutellate in Karura Forest, Kenya, Sammy Kiprotich Cheruiyot

Vector Competence of a Coastal Population of Aedes aegypti for Dengue 2 and 3 Virus Serotypes in Kenya, Benson K. Limoh, David P. Tchouassi, Edith Chepkorir, Brenda Musimbi, Juliette Ongus, and Rosemary Sang

Vector competence of Aedes aegypti in transmitting Chikungunya virus: Effects and implications of extrinsic incubation temperature on dissemination and infection rates, Sophiah Mbaika, Joel Lutomiah, Edith Chepkorir, Francis Mulwa, Christopher Khayeka-Wandabwa, Caroline Tigoi, Elijah Oyoo-Okoth, James Mutisya, Zipporah Ng'Ang'A, and Rosemary Sang

Vector competence of Aedes aegypti populations from Kilifi and Nairobi for dengue 2 virus and the influence of temperature, Edith Chepkorir, Joel Lutomiah, James Mutisya, Francis Mulwa, Konongoi Limbaso, Benedict Orindi, Zipporah Ng'Ang'a, and Rosemary Sang

Vector competence of Aedes bromeliae and Aedes vitattus mosquito populations from Kenya for chikungunya virus, Francis Mulwa, Joel Lutomiah, Edith Chepkorir, Samwel Okello, Fredrick Eyase, Caroline Tigoi, Michael Kahato, and Rosemary Sang

Vector competence of populations of Aedes aegypti from three distinct cities in Kenya for chikungunya virus, Sheila B. Agha, Edith Chepkorir, Francis Mulwa, Caroline Tigoi, Samwel Arum, Milehna M. Guarido, Peris Ambala, Betty Chelangat, Joel Lutomiah, David P. Tchouassi, Michael J. Turell, and Rosemary Sang

Vector competence of selected mosquito species in Kenya for Ngari and Bunyamwera viruses, Collins Odhiambo, Marietjie Venter, Edith Chepkorir, Sophia Mbaika, Joel Lutomiah, Robert Swanepoel, and Rosemary Sang

Vector control for malaria elimination in Botswana: Progress, gaps and opportunities, Tefo Kesaobaka Kgoroebutswe, Ntebaleng Makate, Ulrike Fillinger, Mandla Mpho, Godira Segoea, Peter Onyango Sangoro, Clifford Maina Mutero, Emmanuel Chanda, Davies Ntebela, Mpho Mogopa, Tjantilili Mosweunyane, and Theresia Estomih Nkya

Vectorial drivers of malaria transmission in Jabi Tehnan district, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, Aklilu K. Belay, Abebe Asale, Catherine L. Sole, Fiona Kinya, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Baldwyn Torto, Clifford M. Mutero, and David P. Tchouassi

Vegetable IPM in Africa: Current status and future prospects with emphasis on eastern and Southern Africa, B. Loehr, A. A. Seif, and B. Nyambo

Vegetation and the importance of insecticide-treated target siting for control of glossina fuscipes fuscipes, Johan Esterhuizen, Basilio Njiru, Glyn A. Vale, Michael J. Lehane, and Stephen J. Torr

Vendors' handling practices of edible long-horned grasshoppers (Ruspolia differens) products and implications on microbial safety, Loretta Mugo-Kamiri, Jasper K. Imungi, Lucy Njue, Gracious Diiro, Fidelis Levi O. Ombura, Komivi S. Akutse, Tanga M. Chrysantus, Fathiya M. Khamis, and Sevgan Subramanian

Vertical and Horizontal Transmission of Cell Fusing Agent Virus in Aedes aegypti, Rhiannon A.E. Logan, Shannon Quek, Joseph N. Muthoni, Anneliese von Eicken, Laura E. Brettell, Enyia R. Anderson, Marcus E.N. Villena, Shivanand Hegde, Grace T. Patterson, Eva Heinz, Grant L. Hughes, and Edward I. Patterson

Vertical transmission of naturally occurring Bunyamwera and insect-specific flavivirus infections in mosquitoes from islands and mainland shores of Lakes Victoria and Baringo in Kenya, Yvonne Ukamaka Ajamma, Thomas Ogao Onchuru, Daniel O. Ouso, David Omondi, Daniel K. Masiga, and Jandouwe Villinger

Vibrational signals of African stingless bees, K. Krausa, F. A. Hager, N. Kiatoko, and W. H. Kirchner

Viral diversity and blood-feeding patterns of Afrotropical Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Edwin O. Ogola, Armanda D.S. Bastos, Inga Slothouwer, Caroline Getugi, Josephine Osalla, Dorcus C.A. Omoga, Dickens O. Ondifu, Rosemary Sang, Baldwyn Torto, Sandra Junglen, and David P. Tchouassi

Viral metagenomics demonstrates that domestic pigs are a potential reservoir for Ndumu virus, Charles Masembe, George Michuki, Maria Onyango, Cecilia Rumberia, Martin Norling, Richard P. Bishop, Appolinaire Djikeng, Stephen J. Kemp, Alan Orth, Robert A. Skilton, Karl Ståhl, and Anne Fischer

Virulence and horizontal transmission of Metarhizium anisopliae by the adults of the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and the efficacy of oil formulations against its nymphs, Vongai M. Paradza, Fathiya M. Khamis, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Sevgan Subramanian, and Komivi S. Akutse

Virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to sweet potato weevil Cylas puncticollis and effects on fecundity and egg viability, S. Ondiaka, N. K. Maniania, G. H.N. Nyamasyo, and J. H. Nderitu

Visceral leishmaniasis and malaria prevalence in West Pokot District, Kenya., C. M. Mutero, M. J. Mutinga, A. M. Ngindu, P. R. Kenya, and F. A. Amimo

Vision-based ability of an ant-mimicking jumping spider to discriminate between models, conspecific individuals and prey, X. J. Nelson and R. R. Jackson

Visual evaluation and recognition of hosts by the tick parasitoid, Ixodiphagus hookeri (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), F. A. Demas, E. N. Mwangi, A. Hassanali, E. C. Kunjeku, and A. R. Mabveni

Visualization of house-entry behaviour of malaria mosquitoes, Jeroen Spitzen, Teun Koelewijn, W. Richard Mukabana, and Willem Takken

Visual, vibratory, and olfactory cues affect interactions between the red spider mite Tetranychus evansi and its predator Phytoseiulus longipes, Ginette Yèyinou Azandémè-Hounmalon, Baldwyn Torto, Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe, Sevgan Subramanian, Serge Kreiter, and Thibaud Martin

Vitellogenin titres in normal and accelerated maturation of Gragarious-phase Schistocerca gregaria, Hassane Mahamat, Ahmed Hassanali, and Hans Joerg Ferenz

Volatile biomarkers of symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria infection in humans, Consuelo M. De Moraes, Caroline Wanjiku, Nina M. Stanczyk, Hannier Pulido, James W. Sims, Heike S. Betz, Andrew F. Read, Baldwyn Torto, and Mark C. Mescher

Volatile components of banana pseudostem of a cultivar susceptible to the banana weevil, Isaiah O. Ndiege, William J. Budenberg, Wilber Lwande, and Ahmed Hassanali

Volatile components of heteromorpha trifoliata (wendl.) eckl. & zey, J. W. Mwangi, K. J. Achola, W. Lwande, A. Hassanali, and R. Laurent

Volatile constituents of essential oil of Tarconanthus camphoratus L., Julius W. Mwangi, Kohath J. Achola, Wilber Lwande, Ahmed Hassanali, and R. Laurent

Volatile infochemicals used in host and host habitat location by cotesia flavipes cameron and cotesia sesamiae (cameron) (hymenoptera: braconidae), larval parasitoids of stemborers on graminae, Adele J. Ngi-Song, William A. Overholt, Peter G.N. Njagi, Marcel Dicke, Jonathan N. Ayertey, and Wilbert Lwande

Volatile phytochemicals as mosquito semiochemicals, Vincent O. Nyasembe and Baldwyn Torto

Volatile resin exudate from stem bark of Commiphora rostrata: Potential role in plant defence, Phillip G. McDowell, Wilber Lwande, Stanley G. Deans, and Peter G. Waterman

Volatile semiochemical mediated plant defense in cereals: A novel strategy for crop protection, Amanuel Tamiru and Zeyaur R. Khan

Wandering behaviour and pupariation in tsetse larvae, JAN ŽĎÁREK and DAVID L. DENLINGER

Waste brewer’s yeast as an alternative source of protein for use as a bait in the management of tephritid fruit flies, Sunday Ekesi and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Waste to value: Global perspective on the impact of entomocomposting on environmental health, greenhouse gas mitigation and soil bioremediation, Dennis Beesigamukama, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Subramanian Sevgan, Sunday Ekesi, and Segenet Kelemu

Water immersion tolerance by larval instars of stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, L1758 (Diptera: Muscidae) impairs the fitness performance of their subsequent stages, Steve B.S. Baleba

WATER INTAKE BY THE TERMITE MACROTERMES MICHAELSENI, ROBERT SIEBER and ELIZABETH D. KOKWARO

Water management for controlling the breeding of Anopheles mosquitoes in rice irrigation schemes in Kenya, C. M. Mutero, H. Blank, F. Konradsen, and W. Van Der Hoek

Water Relations of the Ticks Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus Neumann, 1901 and Rhipicephalus Pulchellus Gerstacker, 1873, Abdul Omari Mongi

Waves transmission and amplification in an electrical model of microtubules, Frank T. Ndjomatchoua, Clément Tchawoua, Francois M.M. Kakmeni, Bruno P. Le Ru, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

We are what we eat: Implications of host plant suitability on sustainable production of silkworm pupae as novel ingredient with dietary and health benefits, Marie N. Sangha, Didier K. Barwani, Cheseto Xavier, Linah Muhonja, Kelvin Moseti, Paul N. Karanja, Peter Kiiru, Isaac M. Osuga, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Weed biological control in Zimbabwe: Challenges and future prospects, Gerald Chikowore, Grant D. Martin, Frank Chidawanyika, Martin Hill, Stefan Neser, Michael Day, Tony Grice, Godfrey Chikwenhere, Eunice Mangosho, and Andy Sheppard

Weed or not a weed? Density, perceptions and management of Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) in West Africa: Voices from Ghana, Pascal O. Aigbedion-Atalor

Welwitschianalol A and B, two cyclohexene derivatives and other insecticidal constituents of Caesalpinia welwitschiana (Oliv.) Brenan, Flaure Rosette Ehawa Essoung, Brice Mittérant Mba'ning, Wilber Lwande, Silvère Augustin Ngouela, Etienne Tsamo, Sumesh Chander Chhabra, Ahmed Hassanali, and Russell John Cox

What are relevant assays for refractoriness?, George K. Christophides, Louis C. Gouagna, Marcelo Jacobs-Lorena, Anthony A. James, and Kenneth E. Olson

When it looks and walks like an ant, Fiona R. Cross and Robert R. Jackson

When size matters: effectiveness of three endemic African stingless bees as watermelon pollinators, Wendie Kasiera, Maria I. Pozo, Kevin Toroitich, Rebecca Karanja, Mark Odhiambo, Juliana Jaramillo, Baerbel Hundt, Frank van Langevelde, and Kiatoko Nkoba

Where to sample? Ecological implications of sampling strata in determining abundance and impact of natural enemies of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, Juliana Jaramillo, Adenirin Chabi-Olaye, Christian Borgemeister, Charles Kamonjo, Hans Michael Poehling, and Fernando E. Vega

Whitefly-induced tomato volatiles enhance the virulence of Lecanicillium lecanii, Yongwen Lin, Jinhua Huang, and Komivi S. Akutse

White lupin leads to increased maize yield through a soil fertility-independent mechanism: A new candidate for fighting Striga hermonthica infestation?, Laure Weisskopf, Pollycarp Akello, Roxane Milleret, Zeyaur R. Khan, Fritz Schulthess, Jean Michel Gobat, and Renée Claire Le Bayon

Who controls the rhythm of tsetse parturition: mother or larva?, DAVID L. DENLINGER

Whole genome comparisons reveal panmixia among fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) from diverse locations, Katrina A. Schlum, Kurt Lamour, Caroline Placidi de Bortoli, Rahul Banerjee, Robert Meagher, Eliseu Pereira, Maria Gabriela Murua, Gregory A. Sword, Ashley E. Tessnow, Diego Viteri Dillon, Angela M. Linares Ramirez, Komivi S. Akutse, Rebecca Schmidt-Jeffris, Fangneng Huang, Dominic Reisig, Scott J. Emrich, and Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes

Whole genome phylogenetic investigation of a West Nile virus strain isolated from a tick sampled from livestock in north eastern Kenya, Olivia Wesula Lwande, Marietjie Venter, Joel Lutomiah, George Michuki, Cecilia Rumberia, Francis Gakuya, Vincent Obanda, Caroline Tigoi, Collins Odhiambo, Fredrick Nindo, Samwel Symekher, and Rosemary Sang

Why are biting flies attracted to blue objects?, Roger D. Santer, Otar Akanyeti, John A. Endler, Ismael Galván, and Michael N. Okal

Why are biting flies attracted to blue objects?, Bart G.J. Knols, Leonard E.G. Mboera, and Willem Takken

Why organic resources and current fertilizer formulations in Southern Africa cannot sustain maize productivity: Evidence from a long-term experiment in Zimbabwe, Tongai J. Mtangadura, Florence Mtambanengwe, Hatirarami Nezomba, Jairos Rurinda, and Paul Mapfumo

Wide-area invasive species propagation mapping is possible using phenometric trends, Tobias Landmann, Olena Dubovyk, Gohar Ghazaryan, Jackson Kimani, and Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman

Wide-area mapping of invasive species propagation and containment zones in somaliland using phenometric trends and generalized linear modelling, Tobias Landmann, Olena Dubovyk, Gohar Ghazaryan, Jackson Kimani, and Elfatih Abdel-Rahman

Wide-scale application of Bti/Bs biolarvicide in different aquatic habitat types in urban and peri-urban Malindi, Kenya, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Samuel C. Kahindi, Lydiah W. Kibe, Joseph G. Nzovu, Peter Luethy, John I. Githure, and Charles M. Mbogo

Widespread army ant aversion among East African jumping spiders (Salticidae), Ximena J. Nelson, Samuel Aguilar-Arguello, and Robert R. Jackson

Widespread reliance on olfactory sex and species identification by lyssomanine and spartaeine jumping spiders, Ximena J. Nelson, Charles M. Warui, and Robert R. Jackson

Wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever: perspectives for integrated control of a lymphoproliferative disease of cattle in sub-Saharan Africa, Lillian Wambua, Peninah Nduku Wambua, Allan Maurice Ramogo, Domnic Mijele, and Moses Yongo Otiende

Willingness to accept and participate in a Microsporidia MB-based mosquito release strategy: a community-based rapid assessment in western Kenya, Tullu Bukhari, Joseph Gichuhi, Oscar Mbare, Victoria A. Ochwal, Ulrike Fillinger, and Jeremy K. Herren

Will the convention on biological diversity put an end to biological control?, Joop C. van Lenteren, Matthew J.W. Cock, Jacques Brodeur, Barbara I.P. Barratt, Franz Bigler, Karel Bolckmans, Fabian Haas, Peter G. Mason, and José Roberto P. Parra

WiPFIM: A digital platform for interlinking biocollections of wild plants, fruits, associated insects, and their molecular barcodes, Bonface Onyango, Robert Copeland, John Mbogholi, Mark Wamalwa, Caleb Kibet, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Kennedy Senagi

With or without you: stem-galling of a tephritid fly reduces the vegetative and reproductive performance of the invasive plant Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) both alone and in combination with another agent, Pascal Osa Aigbedion-Atalor, Michael D. Day, Itohan Idemudia, David D. Wilson, and Iain D. Paterson

Wolbachia infection in Cotesia sesamiae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) causes cytoplasmic incompatibility: Implications for biological control, Moses B. Mochiah, Adele J. Ngi-Song, William A. Overholt, and Richard Stouthamer

Women's empowerment boosts the gains in dietary diversity from agricultural technology adoption in rural Kenya, Menale Kassie, Monica Fisher, Geoffrey Muricho, and Gracious Diiro

Women’s empowerment in agriculture and agricultural productivity: Evidence from rural maize farmer households in western Kenya, Gracious M. Diiro, Greg Seymour, Menale Kassie, Geoffrey Muricho, and Beatrice Wambui Muriithi

Wrap-and-plant technology to manage sustainably potato cyst nematodes in East Africa, Juliet Ochola, Laura Cortada, Onesmus Mwaura, Meklit Tariku, Shawn A. Christensen, Margaret Ng’ang’a, Ahmed Hassanali, Tahira Pirzada, Saad Khan, Lokendra Pal, Reny Mathew, Dick Guenther, Eric Davis, Tim Sit, Danny Coyne, Charles Opperman, and Baldwyn Torto

Xanthomonas Wilt of Banana (BXW) in Central Africa: Opportunities, challenges, and pathways for citizen science and ICT-based control and prevention strategies, Mariette McCampbell, Marc Schut, Inge Van den Bergh, Boudy van Schagen, Bernard Vanlauwe, Guy Blomme, Svetlana Gaidashova, Emmanuel Njukwe, and Cees Leeuwis

Year-round production of pest Ceratitis species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in fruit of the invasive species Solanum mauritianum in Kenya, Robert S. Copeland and Robert A. Wharton

Yield loss due to the stemborer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) at different nitrogen application rates to maize, Victor H. Mgoo, Rhodes H. Makundi, Beatrice Pallangyo, Fritz Schulthess, Nanqing Jiang, and Charles O. Omwega

Zanthoxoaporphines A-C: Three new larvicidal dibenzo[de,g]quinolin-7-one alkaloids from Zanthoxylum paracanthum (Rutaceae), Fidelis N. Samita, Louis P. Sandjo, Isaiah O. Ndiege, Ahmed Hassanali, and Wilber Lwande

Zebra skin odor repels the savannah tsetse fly, glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae), Olabimpe Y. Olaide, David P. Tchouassi, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Christian W.W. Pirk, Daniel K. Masiga, Rajinder K. Saini, and Baldwyn Torto

Zoom in at African country level: Potential climate induced changes in areas of suitability for survival of malaria vectors, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, David P. Tchouassi, Henry S. Juarez, Lilian K. Igweta, and Rousseau F. Djouaka

Zoophytophagous predator sex pheromone and visual cues of opposing reflectance spectra lure predator and invasive prey, Bashiru Adams, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, Abdullahi Ahmed Yusuf, and Baldwyn Torto

Zooprophylactic diversion of mosquitoes from human to alternative hosts: A static simulation model, A. Hassanali, L. V. Nedorezov, and A. M. Sadykov