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Content Posted in 2025

(1567) Proposal to conserve Vigna nom. cons. (Leguminosae) against an additional name, Cadelium, Rémy S. Pasquet

1,8-Cineole: An attractant for the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus, Isaiah O. Ndiege, Willam J. Budenberg, Dalmas O. Otieno, and Ahmed Hassanali

1‐(p‐tolyl)‐3‐acetyl‐3‐methyltriazene: A compound with activity against african trypanosomiasis, W. J. Dunn, Janice Powers, J. B. Kaddu, and A. R. Njogu

2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales, Jens H. Kuhn, Scott Adkins, Bernard R. Agwanda, Rim Al Kubrusli, Sergey V. Alkhovsky, Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Tatjana Avšič-Županc, María A. Ayllón, Justin Bahl, Anne Balkema-Buschmann, Matthew J. Ballinger, Christopher F. Basler, Sina Bavari, Martin Beer, Nicolas Bejerman, Andrew J. Bennett, Dennis A. Bente, Éric Bergeron, Brian H. Bird, Carol D. Blair, Kim R. Blasdell, Dag Ragnar Blystad, Jamie Bojko, Wayne B. Borth, Steven Bradfute, Rachel Breyta, Thomas Briese, and Paul A. Brown

2,6-Dichlorophenol in the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neumann - A reappraisal, P. G. McDowell and S. M. Waladde

2-Butanone as a carbon dioxide mimic in attractant blends for the Afrotropical malaria mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus, Monicah M. Mburu, Collins K. Mweresa, Philemon Omusula, Alexandra Hiscox, Willem Takken, and Wolfgang R. Mukabana

2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde: Larvicidal structure-activity studies, Geoffrey M. Mahanga, Teresa O. Akenga, Wilber Lwande, and Isaiah O. Ndiege

2-Hydroxyacetophenone: Principal Root Volatile of the East African Medicinal Plant, Carissa Edulis, Michael D. Bentley, Susan R. Brackett, and Andrew Chapya

4-Ethylacetophenone from Potato Plants Repels Phthorimaea operculella and Inhibits Oviposition: A Sustainable Management Strategy, Xinyu Ma, Junjie Yan, Guangyuan Su, Fathiya M. Khamis, Athanase Hategekiman, and Yulin Gao

4β-substituted flavans from Tephrosia hildebrandtii, F. Delle Monache, L. Labbiento, M. Marta, and W. Lwandet

8-C-Prenylated flavones from the roots of tephrosia hildebrandtii, W. Lwande, A. Hassanali, M. D. Bentley, and F. Delle Monache

A 4-alkyl-substituted analogue of guaiacol shows greater repellency to savannah tsetse (Glossina spp.), Rajindar K. Saini and Ahmed Hassanali

Abandoning small-scale fish farming in western Kenya leads to higher malaria vector abundance, Annabel F.V. Howard and Francois X. Omlin

A Bayesian analysis of longitudinal farm surveys in Central Malawi reveals yield determinants and site-specific management strategies, Han Wang, Sieglinde S. Snapp, Monica Fisher, and Frederi Viens

ABC transporter genes ABC-C6 and ABC-G33 alter plant-microbe-parasite interactions in the rhizosphere, Deborah Elizabeth Cox, Steven Dyer, Ryan Weir, Xavier Cheseto, Matthew Sturrock, Danny Coyne, Baldwyn Torto, Aaron G. Maule, and Johnathan J. Dalzell

A behavioural bioassay to identify attractive odours for Glossinidae, R. K. SAINI and R. D. DRANSFIELD

A benefit-cost analysis approach for determining the optimal processing of micronutrient-enriched cowpea leaf soup mixes, Joshua Ombaka Owade, George Ooko Abong’, Michael Wandayi Okoth, and Agnes Wakesho Mwang’ombe

Aberrations caused by neem oil odour in green leafhopper feeding on rice plants, R. C. Saxena and Z. R. Khan

A best way forward to the organisation of entomological training courses in sub-Saharan Africa, Kurt Jordaens, Marc De Meyer, Muriel Van Nuffel, Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs, Christopher Sabuni, Maulid Mwatawala, Ramadhani Mujabwa, Sija Kabota, Terence Bellingan, Georg Goergen, Mervyn Mansell, Aruna Manrakhan, Antonio Sinzogan, Mark K. Schutze, Arianna Thomas-Cabianca, Robert Copeland, Burgert Muller, Massimiliano Virgilio, Ella Bert, Eva November, and John Midgley

A bioassay to test HCN toxicity to the burrowing bug, Cyrtomenus bergi, M. L. Cortes, T. Sanchez, L. Riis, A. C. Bellotti, and P. A. Calatayud

A Biochemical Investigation of the Taxonomy of the Cassava Green Mite Mononychellus Spp. (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Kenya, Kenneth Kambona Oyugi

Abundance and community composition of flower visiting insects of avocado (Persea americana Mill) in the East African region, Evelyn N. Okello, Nelson O. Amugune, Titus K. Mukiama, and H. Michael G. Lattorff

Abundance and distribution of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), in Late Valencia citrus orchards in Ghana, E. F. Appiah, K. Afreh-Nuamah, and D. Obeng-Ofori

Abundance and diversity of lepidopteran stemborers and their parasitoids on selected wild grasses in Uganda, Teddy Matama-Kauma, Fritz Schulthess, Bruno Pierre Le Rü, Jones Mueke, James Apenyo Ogwang, and Charles Omambia Omwega

Abundance, dispersion and parasitism of the stem borer Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize in the humid forest zone of southern Cameroon, A. Chabi-Olaye, C. Nolte, F. Schulthess, and C. Borgemeister

Abundance, diversity, and distribution of mosquito vectors in selected ecological regions of Kenya: Public health implications, Joel Lutomiah, Joshua Bast, Jeffrey Clark, Jason Richardson, Santos Yalwala, David Oullo, James Mutisya, Francis Mulwa, Lillian Musila, Samoel Khamadi, David Schnabel, Eyako Wurapa, and Rosemary Sang

Abundance, diversity and richness of natural enemies of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in Zambia, Gilson Chipabika, Philemon H. Sohati, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, Patrick C. Chikoti, Robert Copeland, Levi Ombura, Paul W. Kachapulula, Tamara K. Tonga, Saliou Niassy, and Subramanian Sevgan

Acaricidal activity of kupetaba, a ground mixture of natural products, against Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Olusegun O. Dipeolu and Joseph N. Ndungu

Acaricidal activity of Margaritaria discoidea (Euphorbiaceae) plant extracts against the ticks Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Amblyomma variegatum (Ixodidae), Godwin P. Kaaya, Esther N. Mwangi, and Mutua M. Malonza

A Case Study of Transformation in Four African Universities, David Kraybill and Moses Osiru

A catalogue of dryinidae, embolemidae and sclerogibbidae of Kenya and Burundi, with descriptions of new species (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea), Massimo Olmi and Robert S. Copeland

Acceptability and prospects of integrating sweet potato into dietary habits: Insights from Eritrea, Tesfai Tsegai Kidane and Kibrom T. Sibhatu

Acceptability and suitability of six fruit fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) for Kenyan strains of Psyttalia concolor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Samira A. Mohamed, William A. Overholt, Slawomir A. Lux, Robert A. Wharton, and Elameen M. Eltoum

Acceptability and suitability of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) for Cotesia icipe Fernandez-Triana & Fiaboe on amaranth, Mawufe Komi Agbodzavu, Mary Gikungu, Zipporah Osiemo Lagat, Ivan Rwomushana, Sunday Ekesi, and Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe

Acceptability and suitability of three liriomyza leafminer species as host for the endoparasitoid chrysocharis flacilla (hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Samuel K. Muchemi, Claus P.W. Zebitz, Christian Borgemeister, Komivi S. Akutse, Caroline N. Foba, Sunday Ekesi, and Komi K.M. Fiaboe

Acceptability and Suitability of Three Liriomyza Species as Host for the Endoparasitoid Halticoptera arduine (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Samuel K. Muchemi, Claus P.W. Zebitz, Christian Borgemeister, Komivi S. Akutse, Caroline N. Foba, Sunday Ekesi, and Komi K.M. Fiaboe

Acceptability and suitability of three Liriomyza species as host for the endoparasitoid Phaedrotoma scabriventris: Implication for biological control of leafminers in the vegetable production system of Kenya, Adenirin Chabi-Olaye, Nicholas M. Mwikya, and Komi K.M. Fiaboe

Acceptance and suitability of different host stages of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and seven other tephritid fruit fly species to Tetrastichus giffardii Silvestri (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Samira A. Mohamed, Robert A. Wharton, Georg von Mérey, and Fritz Schulthess

Acceptance and suitability of four lepidopteran stemborers for the development of the pupal parasitoid Xanthopimpla stemmator(Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), C. W. Gitau, A. J. Ngi-Song, W. A. Overholt, and S. A. Otieno

Achieving a Climate-Change Resilient Farming System through Push–Pull Technology: Evidence from Maize Farming Systems in Ethiopia, Desalegn A. Gugissa, Zewdu Abro, and Tadele Tefera

Achieving food security for one million sub-Saharan African poor through push-pull innovation by 2020, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy O. Pittchar, Alice W. Murage, Michael A. Birkett, Toby J.A. Bruce, and John A. Pickett

A climate-adapted push-pull system effectively controls fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith), in maize in East Africa, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy O. Pittchar, John A. Pickett, Girma W. Hailu, and Zeyaur R. Khan

A climate-based model for the development of the ixodid tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in East Coast fever zones, D. King, G. Gettinby, and R. M. Newson

A cognitive perspective on aggressive mimicry, R. R. Jackson and F. R. Cross

A comparative analysis of planetscope and sentinel sentinel-2 space-borne sensors in mapping striga weed using guided regularised random forest classification ensemble, B. T. Mudereri, T. Dube, E. M. Adel-Rahman, S. Niassy, E. Kimathi, Z. Khan, and T. Landmann

A Comparative Investigation of Volatile Organic Compounds of Cattle Rumen Metabolites using HS-SPME and PoraPak-Q Odor Trapping Methods, Victor O. Omondi, Geoffrey O. Bosire, John M. Onyari, and Merid N. Getahun

A comparative study of the distribution and seasonal abundance of malaria vectors in three ecologically distinct habitats in Baringo district, Kenya, I. Aniedu

A comparative study on Genetic Profiles and Repellent effects of murraya koenigii from four Regions in Kenya on anopheles gambiae s.s., Sean Waswa Levi

A convolutional neural network with image and numerical data to improve farming of edible crickets as a source of food—A decision support system, Henry Kyalo, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, James P. Egonyu, John Olukuru, Chrysantus M. Tanga, and Kennedy Senagi

Acquired resistance in rabbits to immature stages of Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, B. C. Njau, M. Nyindo, and A. Mutani

Acquisition of resistance to the tick Amblyomma variegatum in Boran cattle, Bos indicus and the effects of Trypanosoma congolense and Babesia bigemina on host resistance, S. C. Dossa, G. P. Kaaya, S. Essuman, A. Odulaja, and R. G.K. Assoku

A cross-sectional observational study investigating the association between sedges (swamp grasses, Cyperaceae) and the prevalence of immature malaria vectors in aquatic habitats along the shore of Lake Victoria, western Kenya, Getachew E. Bokore, Paul Ouma, Patrick O. Onyango, Tullu Bukhari, and Ulrike Fillinger

Action of ecdysoids, juvenoids, and non-hormonal agents on termination of pupal diapause in the flesh fly, J. Žďárek and D. L. Denlinger

Active aggregation among sexes in bean flower thrips (Megalurothrips sjostedti) on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Saliou Niassy, Sunday Ekesi, Nguya K. Maniania, Benedict Orindi, Gerald B. Moritz, Willem J. de Kogel, and Sevgan Subramanian

Activity of the diastereoisomers of 13,23‐dimethylpenta‐triacontane, the sex pheromone of Glossina pallidipes, and comparison with the natural pheromone, PHILLIP G. McDOWELL, AHMED HASSANALI, and ROBERT DRANSFIELD

Adaptation of field strains of rhipicephalus appendiculatus neumann (Acarina: Ixodidae) to host resistance, J. W. Chiera, R. M. Newson, and G. R. Karuhize

Adaptation of Field Strains of Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus, Neumann to Host Resistance to Tick Infestation, John Wachira Chiera

Adaptation to and small-scale rearing of invasive fruit fly Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) on artificial diet, Sunday Ekesi, Peterson W. Nderitu, and Chiou Ling Chang

Adaptive Selection on Bracovirus Genomes Drives the Specialization of Cotesia Parasitoid Wasps, Séverine Jancek, Annie Bézier, Philippe Gayral, Corentin Paillusson, Laure Kaiser, Stéphane Dupas, Bruno Pierre Le Ru, Valérie Barbe, Georges Periquet, Jean Michel Drezen, and Elisabeth A. Herniou

Adaptive Timing as a Component of a Mosquito-Eating predator’s Specialization Profile, Chan Deng, Fiona R. Cross, and Robert R. Jackson

A deadly encounter: Alien invasive Spodoptera frugiperda in Africa and indigenous natural enemy, Cotesia icipe (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Mark Wamalwa, Francis Obala, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Tadele Tefera, Paul Andre Calatayud, Sevgan Subramanian, and Sunday Ekesi

A Decade of Biological Control of Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae) in South Africa Reviewed: Introduction of Insect Agents and Their Status, L. W. Strathie, B. W. Cowie, A. J. McConnachie, F. Chidawanyika, J. N. Musedeli, S. M.C. Sambo, E. X. Magoso, and M. Gareeb

A device for infecting adult tsetse flies, Glossina spp., with an entomopathogenic fungus in the field, Nguya K. Maniania

A Digital Platform that Integrates Biogeographic, Molecular, and Phenotypic Relationships of Wild Plants, Fruits, and Associated Insects in Kenya, Bonface Odhiambo Onyango

A discrete-continuous model for a bisexual population dynamics, L. V. Nedorezov and Yu V. Utyupin

Adoption and dis-adoption of sustainable agriculture: A case of farmers’ innovations and integrated fruit fly management in kenya, Charity M. Wangithi, Beatrice W. Muriithi, and Raphael Belmin

Adoption of modern beekeeping and its impact on honey production in the former Mwingi District of Kenya: Assessment using theory-based impact evaluation approach, Hippolyte D. Affognon, W. S. Kingori, A. I. Omondi, M. G. Diiro, B. W. Muriithi, S. Makau, and S. K. Raina

Adoption of multiple climate-smart agricultural practices in the Gangetic plains of Bihar, India, Jeetendra Prakash Aryal, M. L. Jat, Tek B. Sapkota, Arun Khatri-Chhetri, Menale Kassie, Dil Bahadur Rahut, and Sofina Maharjan

Adoption of sustainable agricultural technologies for vegetable production in rural Tanzania: trade-offs, complementarities and diffusion, Justus Ochieng, Victor Afari-Sefa, Francis Muthoni, Monica Kansiime, Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon, Mateete Bekunda, and Dubois Thomas

Adoption of sustainable land and water management practices and their impact on crop productivity among smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, Cool Dady Mangole, Charles Mbogo Maina, Kelvin Mulungu, Maurice Tschopp, Nichole Harari, Roopa Suresh, and Menale Kassie

Adoption of zero grazing and impact on livestock keepers’ knowledge of cattle reproductive parameters in Western Kenya, J. Nalunkuuma, H. Affognon, S. W. Kingori, D. Salifu, and F. K. Njonge

Adsorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions using mangroves from Kenyan coast, Fidelis Ngugi

Advances in crop insect modelling methods—Towards a whole system approach, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Bisseleua D.B. Hervé, Lisa Biber-Freudenberger, Daisy Salifu, Sevgan Subramanian, Valentine B. Ngowi, Ritter Y.A. Guimapi, Bruce Anani, Francois M.M. Kakmeni, Hippolyte Affognon, Saliou Niassy, Tobias Landmann, Frank T. Ndjomatchoua, Sansao A. Pedro, Tino Johansson, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Paulin Nana, Komi M. Fiaboe, Samira F. Mohamed, Nguya K. Maniania, Sunday Ekesi, and Christian Borgemeister

Advances in data-collection tools and analytics for crop pest and disease management, Henri EZ Tonnang, Daisy Salifu, Bester T. Mudereri, Joel Tanui, Andrew Espira, Thomas Dubois, and Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman

Advances in insects for food and feed, James Peter Egonyu, John Kinyuru, Forkwa Fombong, Jeremiah Ng’ang’a, Yusuf Abdullahi Ahmed, and Saliou Niassy

Advantages of larval control for African malaria vectors: Low mobility and behavioural responsiveness of immature mosquito stages allow high effective coverage, Gerry F. Killeen, Ulrike Fillinger, and Bart G.J. Knols

Aedes vector-host olfactory interactions in sylvatic and domestic dengue transmission environments, David P. Tchouassi, Juliah W. Jacob, Edwin O. Ogola, Rosemary Sang, and Baldwyn Torto

Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and oplostomus haroldi (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): Occurrence in Kenya, distribution within honey bee colonies, and responses to host odors, Baldwyn Torto, Ayuka T. Fombong, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Eliud Muli, Richard T. Arbogast, and Peter E.A. Teal

A field trial of the entomogenous fungus Metarhizium anisopliae for control of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci, N. K. Maniania, S. Sithanantham, S. Ekesi, K. Ampong-Nyarko, J. Baumgärtner, B. Löhr, and C. M. Matoka

A field trial of the synthetic oviposition pheromone with Culex quinquefasciatus say (Diptera: Culicidae) in Kenya, W. A. Otieno, T. O. Onyango, M. M. Pile, B. R. Laurence, G. W. Dawson, L. J. Wadhams, and J. A. Pickett

Aflatoxin contamination detected in nutrient and anti-oxidant rich edible stink bug stored in recycled grain containers, Robert Musundire, Isaac M. Osuga, Xavier Cheseto, Janet Irungu, and Baldwyn Torto

Aflatoxin Prevalence and Association with Maize Grain Physical and Nutritional Qualities in the Informal Markets in Meru County, Kenya, C. Cherotich, M. W. Okoth, Abong’ GO, S. W. Kariuki, and E. R. Omuse

AFLP analysis of the phenetic organization and genetic diversity of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp. reveals extensive gene flow between wild and domesticated types, S. Coulibaly, R. S. Pasquet, R. Papa, and P. Gepts

African and European trichogrammatid egg parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae): A comparison of some biological attributes, A. Kalyebi and S. A. Hassan

African Buffalo Serum Contains Novel Trypanocidal Protein, DAGMAR REDUTH, JAN G. GROOTENHUIS, REARDON O. OLUBAYO, MADHAVI MURANJAN, FREDERICK P. OTIENO‐OMONDI, GRANT A. MORGAN, RETO BRUN, DIANA J.L. WILLIAMS, and SAMUEL J. BLACK

African Citrus Greening Disease in East Africa: Incidence, Severity, and Distribution Patterns, B. A. Rasowo, F. M. Khamis, S. A. Mohamed, I. J. Ajene, O. F. Aidoo, L. Ombura, M. Sétamou, S. Ekesi, C. Borgemeister, and Cecilia Tamborindeguy

African edible insects for food and feed: Inventory, diversity, commonalities and contribution to food security, S. Kelemu, S. Niassy, B. Torto, K. Fiaboe, H. Affognon, H. Tonnang, N. K. Maniania, and S. Ekesi

African endemic stingless bees as an efficient alternative pollinator to honey bees in greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L), Nkoba Kiatoko, Maria I. Pozo, Annette Van Oystaeyen, Maurice Musonye, Junior Kika, Felix Wäckers, Frank van Langevelde, Baerbel Hundt, and Juliana Jaramillo

African honeybee royal jelly: Phytochemical contents, free radical scavenging activity, and physicochemical properties, Hosea O. Mokaya, Loise K. Njeru, and H. Michael G. Lattorff

African indigenous knowledge on edible insects to guide research and policy, S. Niassy, K. K.M. Fiaboe, H. D. Affognon, K. S. Akutse, M. C. Tanga, and S. Ekesi

African nightshade and african spinach decrease root-knot nematode and potato cyst nematode soil infestation in Kenya, Oliver Chitambo, Solveig Haukeland, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, and Florian M.W. Grundler

African Platyplectrus Ferrière (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Kenya, with description of nine new species, Zoya A. Yefremova and Robert S. Copeland

African Queens find mates when males are rare, Vincent P. Rutagarama, Piera M. Ireri, Constantin Sibomana, Kennedy S. Omufwoko, Simon H. Martin, Richard H. ffrench-Constant, Winnie Eckardt, Beth K. Kaplin, David A.S. Smith, and Ian Gordon

African weaver ant-produced semiochemicals impact on foraging behaviour and parasitism by the Opiine parasitoid, Fopius arisanus on Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae), E. F. Appiah, S. Ekesi, K. Afreh-Nuamah, D. Obeng-Ofori, and S. A. Mohamed

Afrotropical sand fly-host plant relationships in a leishmaniasis endemic area, Kenya, Iman B. Hassaballa, Catherine L. Sole, Xavier Cheseto, Baldwyn Torto, and David P. Tchouassi

A fungal-based pesticide does not harm pollination service provided by the African stingless bee Meliponula ferruginea on cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Evanson R. Omuse, Saliou Niassy, Nkoba Kiatoko, H. Michael G. Lattorff, John M. Wagacha, and Thomas Dubois

A Fuzzy-Based Model to Predict the Spatio-Temporal Performance of the Dolichogenidea gelechiidivoris Natural Enemy against Tuta absoluta under Climate Change, Komi Mensah Agboka, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, John Odindi, Onisimo Mutanga, and Samira A. Mohamed

Age composition and survival rate of Anopheles gambiae Giles complex (Dipt., Culicidae) in Baringo district, Kenya, I. Aniedu, M. J. Mutinga, and C. M. Mutero

Agency, Gender and Development in Oromia, Ethiopia, Kristie Drucza, Lemlem Aregu, and Mulunesh Tsegaye

A geographic sampling strategy for studying relationships between human activity and malaria vectors in urban Africa, Joseph Keating, Kate Macintyre, Charles Mbogo, Andrew Githeko, James L. Regens, Chris Swalm, Bryson Ndenga, Laura J. Steinberg, Lydiah Kibe, John I. Githure, and John C. Beier

Aggregation pheromone system of adult gregarious desert locust schistocerca gregaria (forskal), Baldwyn Torto, Daniel Obeng-Ofori, Peter G.N. Njagi, Ahmed Hassanali, and Habert Amiani

Aggregation pheromone system of nymphal gregarious desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål), Baldwyn Torto, Peter G.N. Njagi, Ahmed Hassanali, and Habert Amiani

Aggressive behaviour of chilo partellus (swinhoe) larvae against the parasitoid, cotesia flavipes Cameron, K. Takasu and W. A. Overholt

Aggressive Characteristics of Diapausing Larvae of a Stem Borer, Busseola fusca Fuller (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Artificially Crowded Conditions, Takashi Okuda

Aggressive use of Batesian mimicry by an ant-like jumping spider, Ximena J. Nelson and Robert R. Jackson

A global-scale expert assessment of drivers and risks associated with pollinator decline, Lynn V. Dicks, Tom D. Breeze, Hien T. Ngo, Deepa Senapathi, Jiandong An, Marcelo A. Aizen, Parthiba Basu, Damayanti Buchori, Leonardo Galetto, Lucas A. Garibaldi, Barbara Gemmill-Herren, Brad G. Howlett, Vera L. Imperatriz-Fonseca, Steven D. Johnson, Anikó Kovács-Hostyánszki, Yong Jung Kwon, H. Michael G. Lattorff, Thingreipi Lungharwo, Colleen L. Seymour, Adam J. Vanbergen, and Simon G. Potts

Agricultural extension in eastern democratic republic of congo: Does gender matter?, Isabel Lambrecht, Bernard Vanlauwe, and Miet Maertens

Agricultural production and food security implications of Covid-19 disruption on small-scale farmer households: Lessons from Kenya, James Mutegi, Ivan Adolwa, Abed Kiwia, Samuel Njoroge, Angela Gitonga, Joses Muthamia, Eileen Nchanji, Franklin Mairura, Kaushik Majumdar, Shamie Zingore, Thomas Oberthur, Mercy Kiremu, and Monica Kansiime

A grid-based infrastructure for ecological forecasting of rice land Anopheles arabiensis aquatic larval habitats, Benjamin G. Jacob, Ephantus J. Muturi, Jose E. Funes, Josephat I. Shililu, John I. Githure, Ibulaimu I. Kakoma, and Robert J. Novak

Agrifood supply chain, private-sector standards, and farmers' health: Evidence from Kenya, Solomon Asfaw, Dagmar Mithöfer, and Hermann Waibel

Agrivoltaics in East Africa: Opportunities and challenges, Richard J. Randle-Boggis, Eileen Lara, Joel Onyango, Emmanuel J. Temu, and Sue E. Hartley

Agrochemical contaminants in six species of edible insects from Uganda and Kenya, Simon Labu, Sevgan Subramanian, Xavier Cheseto, Perpetra Akite, Patrice Kasangaki, Moses Chemurot, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Daisy Salifu, and James P. Egonyu

Agro-Dealers’ Knowledge, Perception, and Willingness to Stock a Fungal-Based Biopesticide (ICIPE 20) for Management of Tuta absoluta in Kenya, Francis Ogutu, Beatrice W. Muriithi, Patience M. Mshenga, Fathiya M. Khamis, Samira A. Mohamed, and Shepard Ndlela

Agro-ecological options for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda JE Smith)management: Providing low-cost, smallholder friendly solutions to an invasive pest, Rhett D. Harrison, Christian Thierfelder, Frédéric Baudron, Peter Chinwada, Charles Midega, Urs Schaffner, and Johnnie van den Berg

Agro-ecology, resource endowment and indigenous knowledge interactions modulate soil fertility in mixed farming systems in Central and Western Ethiopia, Birhanu Agumas, Isaac Balume, Mary K. Musyoki, Martin Benz, Generose Nziguheba, Carsten Marohn, Bernard Vanlauwe, Georg Cadisch, and Frank Rasche

Agro-ecosystems' resilience to damage: determination of index of susceptibility to climate change in mount kilimanjaro, Tanzania., Shirima Kelvine

Agronomic Factors Influencing Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Infestation and Damage and Its Co-Occurrence with Stemborers in Maize Cropping Systems in Kenya, Daniel Munyao Mutyambai, Saliou Niassy, Paul André Calatayud, and Sevgan Subramanian

Agronomic Performance of Kale (Brassica oleracea) and Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris) Grown on Soil Amended with Black Soldier Fly Frass Fertilizer under Wonder Multistorey Gardening System, Andrew Agrey Abiya, David Mfuti Kupesa, Dennis Beesigamukama, Menale Kassie, Dennis Mureithi, Daniel Thairu, John Wesonga, Chrysantus M. Tanga, and Saliou Niassy

Agronomic survey to assess crop yield, controlling factors and management implications: a case-study of Babati in northern Tanzania, J. Kihara, L. D. Tamene, P. Massawe, and M. Bekunda

Agro pastoralists’ awareness and knowledge on contagious caprine Pleuropneumonia in two selected counties in Kenya, Fredrick Ochieng Ouya, Eric Bett, Purity Nguhiu, Stella Makokha, and Martin K. Mwirigi

A heteroskedastic error covariance matrix estimator using a first-order conditional autoregressive Markov simulation for deriving asympotical efficient estimates from ecological sampled Anopheles arabiensis aquatic habitat covariates, Benjamin G. Jacob, Daniel A. Griffith, Ephantus J. Muturi, Erick X. Caamano, John I. Githure, and Robert J. Novak

A high molecular weight diapause‐associated protein from the stem‐borer Busseola fusca: Purification and properties, Ellie O. Osir, Lanek V. Labongo, and Gopalan C. Unnithan

A hormone from the uterus of the tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans, stimulates parturition and abortion, David L. Denlinger and Jan Žďárek

Airborne volatiles from melinis minutiflora P. Beauv., a non-host plant of the spotted stem borer, Solomon M. Kimani, Sumesh C. Chhabra, Wilber Lwande, Z. R. Khan, Ahmed Hassanali, and John A. Pickett

A knife in the back: Use of prey-specific attack tactics by araneophagic jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae), D. P. Harland and R. R. Jackson

A limonoid from Turraea floribunda, Baldwyn Torto, Ahmed Hassanali, Edward Nyandat, and Michael D. Bentley

A liquid larval diet for rearing Bactrocera invadens and Ceratitis fasciventris (Diptera: Tephritidae), Sunday Ekesi, Samira A. Mohamed, and Chiou Ling Chang

Allelopathy, John A. Pickett, Antony M. Hooper, Charles A.O. Midega, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Allomonal effect of breath contributes to differential attractiveness of humans to the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Willem Takken, Gerry F. Killeen, and Bart G.J. Knols

Allopolyploidy, diversification, and the Miocene grassland expansion, Matt C. Estep, Michael R. McKain, Dilys Vela Diaz, Jinshun Zhong, John G. Hodge, Trevor R. Hodkinson, Daniel J. Layton, Simon T. Malcomber, Rémy Pasquet, and Elizabeth A. Kellogg

Allozyme diversity of cultivated cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., R. S. Pasquet

A longitudinal study on Anopheles mosquito larval abundance in distinct geographical and environmental settings in western Kenya, Susan S. Imbahale, Krijn P. Paaijmans, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Ron Van Lammeren, Andrew K. Githeko, and Willem Takken

A low-cost contamination device for infecting adult tsetse flies, Glossina spp., with the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in the field, Nguya K. Maniania

A low-cost IoT network to monitor microclimate variables in ecosystems, François Rebaudo, Titouan Soulard, Bruno Condori, Reinaldo Quispe-Tarqui, Paul André Calatayud, Soledad Chavez Vino, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Lucas Bessière

A machine learning algorithm-based approach (MaxEnt) for predicting invasive potential of Trioza erytreae on a global scale, Owusu Fordjour Aidoo, Philipe Guilherme Corcino Souza, Ricardo Siqueira da Silva, Paulo Antonio Santana Júnior, Marcelo Coutinho Picanço, Jonathan Osei-Owusu, Mamoudou Sétamou, Sunday Ekesi, and Christian Borgemeister

A maize landrace that emits defense volatiles in response to herbivore eggs possesses a strongly inducible terpene synthase gene, Amanuel Tamiru, Toby J.A. Bruce, Annett Richter, Christine M. Woodcock, Charles A.O. Midega, Jörg Degenhardt, Segenet Kelemu, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

A major host plant volatile, 1-octen-3-ol, contributes to mating in the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), M. Bendera, S. Ekesi, M. Ndung’u, R. Srinivasan, and B. Torto

A mathematical model for mapping the insecticide resistance trend in the Anopheles gambiae mosquito population under climate variability in Africa, Komi Mensah Agboka, Mark Wamalwa, James Mutuku Mutunga, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

A maximin-minimax approach for classifying crop varieties into resistance groups based on yield potential and loss, A. Odulaja and S. Nokoe

A mentorship and incubation program using project-based learning to build a professional bioinformatics pipeline in Kenya, Ruth Nanjala, Festus Nyasimi, Daniel Masiga, and Caleb Kipkurui Kibet

American Foulbrood and African Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Ingemar Fries and Suresh Raina

A meta-analysis of the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in some African countries from 2000 to 2018, F. Ebhodaghe, C. Isaac, and J. A. Ohiolei

A metagenomic study of the rumen virome in domestic caprids, Samuel Namonyo, Maina Wagacha, Solomon Maina, Lillian Wambua, and Morris Agaba

A method for sampling the populations of large termite nests, JOHANNA P.E.C. DARLINGTON

A microsporidian impairs Plasmodium falciparum transmission in Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes, Jeremy K. Herren, Lilian Mbaisi, Enock Mararo, Edward E. Makhulu, Victor A. Mobegi, Hellen Butungi, Maria Vittoria Mancini, Joseph W. Oundo, Evan T. Teal, Silvain Pinaud, Mara K.N. Lawniczak, Jordan Jabara, Godfrey Nattoh, and Steven P. Sinkins

Amide alkaloids from Piper guineense and its crude extract as protectants against Sitophilus zeamais, Mobolade Dele Akinbuluma, Francis Kolawole Ewete, and Ibrahim Adebayo Oladosu

Ammonium sulphate fertiliser increases larval populations of Anopheles arabiensis and culicine mosquitoes in rice fields, C. M. Mutero, P. N. Ng'ang'a, P. Wekoyela, J. Githure, and F. Konradsen

A molecular assay to quantify male and female plasmodium falciparum gametocytes: Results from 2 randomized controlled trials using primaquine for gametocyte clearance, Will Stone, Patrick Sawa, Kjerstin Lanke, Sanna Rijpma, Robin Oriango, Maureen Nyaurah, Paul Osodo, Victor Osoti, Almahamoudou Mahamar, Halimatou Diawara, Rob Woestenenk, Wouter Graumans, Marga Van De Vegte-Bolmer, John Bradley, Ingrid Chen, Joelle Brown, Giulia Siciliano, Pietro Alano, Roly Gosling, Alassane Dicko, Chris Drakeley, and Teun Bousema

A Molecular Survey of Bacterial Species in the Guts of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Reared on Two Urban Organic Waste Streams in Kenya, Marwa Shumo, Fathiya M. Khamis, Fidelis Levi Ombura, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Sevgan Subramanian, Sunday Ekesi, Oliver K. Schlüter, Arnold van Huis, and Christian Borgemeister

A Morphometric Study of the Cassava Green Mite, Mononychellus Spp. (Acari: Tetranychide) in Africa, Bekinwari Bob-Manuel Rosetta

A mosquito larvicide in Spilanthes mauritiana, Isaac J.O. Jondiko

Amphibian collapses increased malaria incidence in Central America, Michael R. Springborn, Joakim A. Weill, Karen R. Lips, Roberto Ibáñez, and Aniruddha Ghosh

Ample glycosylation in membrane and cell envelope proteins may explain the phenotypic diversity and virulence in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Alemayehu Godana Birhanu, Solomon Abebe Yimer, Shewit Kalayou, Tahira Riaz, Ephrem Debebe Zegeye, Carol Holm-Hansen, Gunnstein Norheim, Abraham Aseffa, Markos Abebe, and Tone Tønjum

Amplicon-based assessment of bacterial diversity and community structure in three tropical forest soils in Kenya, Eucharia Kenya, Grace Kinyanjui, Alex Kipnyargis, Franklin Kinyua, Mary Mwangi, Fathiya Khamis, and Romano Mwirichia

Amplification of 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic (ACC) deaminase from plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in Striga-infested soil, Olubukola O. Babalola, Ellie O. Osir, Abiodun I. Sanni, George D. Odhiambo, and Wallace D. Bulimo

Amplified (restriction) fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis., Daniel K. Masiga and C. Michael R. Turner

A multiplex assay for the sensitive detection and quantification of male and female Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes, Lisette Meerstein-Kessel, Chiara Andolina, Elvira Carrio, Almahamoudou Mahamar, Patrick Sawa, Halimatou Diawara, Marga Van De Vegte-Bolmer, Will Stone, Katharine A. Collins, Petra Schneider, Alassane Dicko, Chris Drakeley, Ingrid Felger, Till Voss, Kjerstin Lanke, and Teun Bousema

Analyses of mitochondrial genes reveal two sympatric but genetically divergent lineages of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in Kenya, Esther G. Kanduma, Joram M. Mwacharo, Naftaly W. Githaka, Peter W. Kinyanjui, Joyce N. Njuguna, Lucy M. Kamau, Edward Kariuki, Stephen Mwaura, Robert A. Skilton, and Richard P. Bishop

Analyses of Mosquito Species Composition, Blood-Feeding Habits and Infection with Insect-Specific Flaviviruses in Two Arid, Pastoralist-Dominated Counties in Kenya, Edwin O. Ogola, Armanda D.S. Bastos, Gilbert Rotich, Anne Kopp, Inga Slothouwer, Dorcus C.A. Omoga, Rosemary Sang, Baldwyn Torto, Sandra Junglen, and David P. Tchouassi

Analyses of volatiles produced by the African fruit fly species complex (Diptera, tephritidae), Radka Břízová, Lucie Vaníčková, Mária Faťarová, Sunday Ekesi, Michal Hoskovec, and Blanka Kalinová

Analysing chemical attraction of gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto with modified BG-Sentinel traps, Michael N. Okal, Manuela Herrera-Varela, Paul Ouma, Baldwyn Torto, Steven W. Lindsay, Jenny M. Lindh, and Ulrike Fillinger

Analysing soil organic C gradients in a smallholder farming village of East Zimbabwe, D. F. Van Apeldoorn, B. Kempen, H. M. Bartholomeus, L. Rusinamhodzi, S. Zingore, M. P.W. Sonneveld, K. Kok, and K. E. Giller

Analysing the oviposition behaviour of malaria mosquitoes: Design considerations for improving two-choice egg count experiments, Michael N. Okal, Jenny M. Lindh, Steve J. Torr, Elizabeth Masinde, Benedict Orindi, Steve W. Lindsay, and Ulrike Fillinger

Analysis of airborne volatiles of cowpea, W. Lwande, P. G. McDowell, H. Amiani, and P. Amoke

Analysis of Chemical Composition of Cowpea Floral Volatiles and Nectar, Consolata Atieno Ager

Analysis of farmers' adoption of zero grazing and knowledge of cattle reproductive parameters in western Kenya, Justine Nalunkuuma

Analysis of genetic difference within and between of wild relatives of sorghum in sudan, using SSRs, Yasir Ahmed Gamar, Elfadil Ma Bashir, Wilson Kimani, Ibrahim A. Alaraidh, Hassan O. Shaikhaldein, Martina Kyallo, Inosters Nzuki, and Robert Skilton

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Yam (Dioscorea Species) Germplasm Using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) Molecular Markers, Anne A. Owiti, Joel L. Bargul, George O. Obiero, and Evans N. Nyaboga

Analysis of Iris yellow spot virus replication in vector and non-vector thrips species, R. Birithia, S. Subramanian, H. R. Pappu, J. Muthomi, and R. D. Narla

Analysis of Microbial Load and Diversity in Crickets (Gryllus Bimaculatus and Scapsipedus icipe) used as a source of protein for food, Jedida Wanjiru Gatheru

Analysis of population dynamics of diamondback moth, (Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)) at two sites in central Ethiopia, with particular reference to parasitism, Gashawbeza Ayalew, Johan Baumgärtner, K. P.O.Callistus Ogol, and Bernhard Löhr

Analysis of potentially suitable habitat within migration connections of an intra-African migrant-the Blue Swallow (Hirundo atrocaerulea), B. T. Mudereri, C. Mukanga, E. T. Mupfiga, C. Gwatirisa, E. Kimathi, and T. Chitata

Analysis of tsetse fly (diptera: glossinidae) blood meals using mitochondrial cytochrome genes for vertebrate host identification, Catherine Ngambi Nyawira

An Analysis factors influencing demand for poultry and fish feeds in Kenya, John Njenga Macharia

Anaplasma and theileria pathogens in cattle of lambwe valley, kenya: A case for pro-active surveillance in the wildlife–livestock interface, Michael N. Okal, Brenda Kisia Odhiambo, Peter Otieno, Joel L. Bargul, Daniel Masiga, Jandouwe Villinger, and Shewit Kalayou

An artificial diet for rearing the phytoseiid mite, Amblyseius teke Pritchard and Baker, R. S. Ochieng', G. W. Oloo, and E. O. Amboga

AN ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATORY VIDEO AND DRAMA IN ENHANCING LEARNING OF “CLIMATE-SMART” PUSH-PULL TECHNOLOGY: A CASE STUDY OF BUTERE AND VIHIGA FARMERS IN WESTERN KENYA, Wakesho George, Pittchar Jimmy, Midega Charles, and Khan Zeyaur

An assessment of lepidopteran stemborer species distribution in relation to diversity of wild host grasses in maize and sorghum growing zones in Kenya, George Otieno Ong'amo

An assessment of lepidopteran stemborer species distribution in relation to diversity of wild host grasses in maize and sorghum growing zones in Kenya, George Otieno Ong'amo

An assessment of participatory integrated vector management for malaria control in Kenya, Clifford Maina Mutero, Charles Mbogo, Joseph Mwangangi, Susan Imbahale, Lydia Kibe, Benedict Orindi, Melaku Girma, Annah Njui, Wilber Lwande, Hippolyte Affognon, Charity Gichuki, and Wolfgang Richard Mukabana

An assessment of the invasive alien tree, Robinia pseudoacacia canopy traits and its effect on grassland microclimates and subsequent arthropod assemblages, Gerald Chikowore, Grant D. Martin, and Frank Chidawanyika

An assessment of the magnitudes and factors associated with postharvest losses in off-farm grain stores in Kenya, Joseph K. Mwangi, Christopher M. Mutungi, Soul Kifouly G. Midingoyi, Abdul K. Faraj, and Hippolyte D. Affognon

An assessment of vegetable production constraints, trait preferences and willingness to adopt sustainable intensification options in Kenya and Uganda, Rose N. Okoma, Evanson R. Omuse, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Dennis Beesigamukama, Marius F. Murongo, Sevgan Subramanian, and Frank Chidawanyika

An eco-epidemiological model for malaria with Microsporidia MB as bio-control agent, Charlène N.T. Mfangnia, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Berge Tsanou, and Jeremy Keith Herren

An Economic Analysis of Damages and other Losses by Ticks and Tick Borne disease Particulary in Relation to East Coast Fever (ECF), Francis Mwega Mwaura

An economic analysis of Rice production in Mwea irrigation scheme, Jonh Ngige kuria

An economic analysis of Rice production in Mwea irrigation scheme, Jonh Ngige kuria

An effective method for maintaining the african termite-raiding ant Pachycondyla analis in the laboratory, A. A. Yusuf, R. M. Crewe, and C. W.W. Pirk

An Entomopathogenic Fungus, Hirsutella Thohpsonii Fisher (Fungi Imperfect) as a Potential Biological Control Agent of Hononychellus Tanajoa. Bondar (Acari: Tetranychidae), Benson Odongo

A neo-W chromosome in a tropical butterfly links colour pattern, male-killing, and speciation, David A.S. Smith, Ian J. Gordon, Walther Traut, Jeremy Herren, Steve Collins, Dino J. Martins, Kennedy Saitoti, Piera Ireri, and Richard Ffrench-Constant

An epidemiological study of tick-borne diseases and their effects on productivity of zebu cattle under traditional management on Rusinga Island, western Kenya, A. A. Latif, G. J. Rowlands, D. K. Punyua, S. M. Hassan, and P. B. Capstick

An evaluation of a sequential aerial spraying operation against Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) in the Lambwe Valley of Kenya: Aspects of post-spray recovery and evidence of natural population regulation, D. A. Turner and R. Brightwell

A new edible cricket species from Africa of the genus Scapsipedus, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Henlay J.O. Magara, Monica A. Ayieko, Robert S. Copeland, Fathiya M. Khamis, Samira A. Mohamed, Fidelis L.O. Ombura, Saliou Niassy, Sevgan Subramanian, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Nanna Roos, Sunday Ekesi, and Sylvain Hugel

A new limonoid from Turraea robusta, Mohamed S. Rajab, Michael D. Bentley, Ahmed Hassanali, and Andrew Chapya

A new mite IPM strategy: predator avoidance behaviour resulting from the synergetic effects of predator release and acaricide-treated nets, Miriam Kungu, Emilie Deletre, Sevgan Subramanian, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Linus Gitonga, Zipporah Osiemo Lagat, and Thibaud Martin

A new pterocarpan from the roots of Tephrosia hildebrandtii, W. Lwande, M. D. Bentley, C. Macfoy, F. N. Lugemwa, A. Hassanali, and E. Nyandat

A new species-group in Calliscelio Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) takes shape, Ovidiu Alin Popovici, Majid Fallahzadeh, Nazila Saghaei, Robert Copeland, and Elijah Talamas

A new species of Alhajarmyia Stuckenberg (Diptera: Vermileonidae), the first wormlion fly described from East Africa and its biogeographical implications, Vaughn R. Swart, Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs, and Robert S. Copeland

A new species of Coelostathma clemens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from Cocos Island, Costa Rica, with comments on the phylogenetic significance of abdominal dorsal pits in sparganothini, John W. Brown and Scott E. Miller

A new species of land planarian preying on termites in Kenya (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria: Tricladida: Terricola), H. D. Jones, Johanna P.E.C. Darlington, and R. M. Newson

A new species of Munromyia Bezzi (Diptera: Tephritidae) reared from Chionanthus battiscombei (Oleaceae) in Northern Kenya, Robert S. Copeland

A New Species of the Afrotropical Braconine (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) Parasitoid Wasp Genus Doggerella with Remarkable Ovipositor Sheaths, Donald L.J. Quicke, Robert S. Copeland, and Buntika A. Butcher

A new tool for malaria prevention? Results of a trial of permethrin-impregnated bedsheets (shukas) in an area of unstable transmission, Kate Macintyre, Stephen Sosler, Frederick Letipila, Mohamed Lochigan, Susan Hassig, Sabah A. Omar, and John Githure

A new trap for glossina pallidipes, R. Brightwell, R. D. Dransfield, C. Kyorku, T. K. Golder, S. A. Tarimo, and D. Mungai

An expert system for insect pest population dynamics prediction, Eric A. Ibrahim, Daisy Salifu, Samuel Mwalili, Thomas Dubois, Richard Collins, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Angiostoma norvegicum n. sp. (Nematoda: Angiostomatidae) a parasite of arionid slugs in Norway, Jenna L. Ross, Solveig Haukeland, Bjørn A. Hatteland, and Elena S. Ivanova

Animal food production: The perspective of human consumption, production, trade and disease control, A. J. Van Der Zijpp

An improved odor bait for monitoring populations of Aedes aegypti-vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses in Kenya, Eunice A. Owino, Rosemary Sang, Catherine L. Sole, Christian Pirk, Charles Mbogo, and Baldwyn Torto

An indirect defence trait mediated through egg-induced maize volatiles from neighbouring plants, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Toby J.A. Bruce, Johnnie Van Den Berg, Charles A.O. Midega, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

An individual-based model of Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission on the coast of Kenya, Weidong Gu, Gerry F. Killeen, Charles M. Mbogo, James L. Regens, John I. Githure, and John C. Beier

An Innate Preference of Bumblebees for Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Phaseolus vulgaris Plants Infected With Three Different Viruses, Netsai Margareth Mhlanga, Alex M. Murphy, Francis O. Wamonje, Nik J. Cunniffe, John C. Caulfield, Beverley J. Glover, and John P. Carr

An insect antifeedant limonoid from turraea nilotica, Michael D. Bentley, Geoffrey O. Adul, A. Randall Alford, Fu Yung Huang, Leslie Gelbaum, and Ahmed Hassanali

An Integrated Assessment Approach for Socio-Economic Implications of the Desert Locust in Eastern Africa, Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame, Komi Mensah Agboka, Emily Kimathi, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Tobias Landmann, Mwesigwa Moses Rwaheru, Osman Abdalla, Moses M. Mafabi, Louis Mitondo Lubango, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

An integrative approach to unravel the Ceratitis far (Diptera, tephritidae) cryptic species complex: A review, Marc De Meyer, Hélène Delatte, Sunday Ekesi, Kurt Jordaens, Blanka Kalinová, Aruna Manrakhan, Maulid Mwatawala, Gary Steck, Joannes Van Cann, Lucie Vaníčková, Radka Břízová, and Massimiliano Virgilio

An Intensified Cereal Push-Pull System Reduces Pest Infestation and Confers Yield Advantages in High-Value Vegetables, Frank Chidawanyika, Evanson R. Omuse, Lavender O. Agutu, Jimmy O. Pittchar, Dickens Nyagol, and Zeyaur R. Khan

An interaction model between Cotesia flavipes and Cotesia sesamiae, parasitoids of the gramineous stem-borers at the Kenya Coast, Muriithi Karuku

An inventory of documented diseases of african honeybees, F. N. Mumoki, A. Fombong, E. Muli, A. W.T. Muigai, and D. Masiga

A nonlinear model describing yield loss in cowpea (vigna unguiculata) due to the legume pod borer, maruca testulalis geyer (lepidoptera: Pyralidae), A. Odulaja and S. Oghiakhe

Anopheles arabiensis oviposition site selection in response to habitat persistence and associated physicochemical parameters, bacteria and volatile profiles, L. K. Eneh, U. Fillinger, A. K. Borg Karlson, G. Kuttuva Rajarao, and J. Lindh

Anopheles gambiae exploits the treehole ecosystem in western Kenya: A new urban malaria risk?, Francois X. Omlin, John C. Carlson, C. Brandon Ogbunugafor, and Ahmed Hassanali

Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Anopheles funestus mosquito distributions at 30 villages along the Kenyan coast, Joseph Keating, Charles M. Mbogo, Joseph Mwangangi, Joseph G. Nzovu, Weidong Gu, James L. Regens, Guiyun Yan, John I. Githure, and John C. Beier

Anopheles larval abundance and diversity in three rice agro-village complexes Mwea irrigation scheme, central Kenya, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Josephat Shililu, Ephantus J. Muturi, Simon Muriu, Benjamin Jacob, Ephantus W. Kabiru, Charles M. Mbogo, John Githure, and Robert J. Novak

Anopheles rufipes implicated in malaria transmission both indoors and outdoors alongside Anopheles funestus and Anopheles arabiensis in rural south-east Zambia, Kochelani Saili, Christiaan de Jager, Onyango P. Sangoro, Theresia E. Nkya, Freddie Masaninga, Mwansa Mwenya, Andy Sinyolo, Busiku Hamainza, Emmanuel Chanda, Ulrike Fillinger, and Clifford M. Mutero

Anopheline mosquito survival strategies during the dry period in western Kenya, Noboru Minakawa, John I. Githure, John C. Beier, and Guiyun Yan

A note on the ticks of domestic animals in coast province, Kenya, F. P. Zulu, J. Okello-Onen, D. Punyua, S. Essuman, and M. M. Malonza

A novel integrated computational approach for agroecological similarity, Franck B.N. Tonle, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Milliam M.Z. Ndadji, Maurice T. Tchendji, Armand Nzeukou, and Saliou Niassy

A novel reference dated phylogeny for the genus Spodoptera Guenée (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae): new insights into the evolution of a pest-rich genus, Gael J. Kergoat, Paul Z. Goldstein, Bruno Le Ru, Robert L. Meagher, Alberto Zilli, Andrew Mitchell, Anne Laure Clamens, Sylvie Gimenez, Jérôme Barbut, Nicolas Nègre, Emmanuelle d'Alençon, and Kiwoong Nam

A Novel Synthetic Odorant Blend for Trapping of Malaria and Other African Mosquito Species, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Collins K. Mweresa, Bruno Otieno, Philemon Omusula, Renate C. Smallegange, Joop J.A. van Loon, and Willem Takken

A Novel Tightly Coupled Information System for Research Data Management, Kennedy Senagi and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

An Overview of Tsetse Fly Repellents: Identification and Applications, Olabimpe Y. Orubuloye, Njelembo J. Mbewe, David P. Tchouassi, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Christian W.W. Pirk, and Baldwyn Torto

Antagonistic interactions between the africanweaver ant oecophylla longinoda and the parasitoid anagyrus pseudococci potentially limits suppression of the invasive mealybug rastrococcus iceryoides, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Sunday Ekesi, Prem Govender, Peterson W. Nderitu, and Samira A. Mohamed

Ant assemblage structure on cocoa trees in smallholder farms in the Centre Region of Cameroon, Tadu Zéphirin, Babin Régis, Aléné Desirée Chantal, Yede, Messop Youbi Edith Blandine, Wouter Dekoninck, and Djiéto Lordon Champlain

Ant diversity in different cocoa agroforest habitats in the centre region of Cameroon, Z. Tadu, C. Djiéto-Lordon, Yede, E. B. Messop Youbi, A. Fomena, and R. Babin

Antennal enriched odorant binding proteins are required for odor communication in glossina f. Fuscipes, Souleymane Diallo, Mohd Shahbaaz, Johnmark O. Makwatta, Jackson M. Muema, Daniel Masiga, Alan Christofells, and Merid N. Getahun

Antennal responses of tsetse to analogues of the attractant 1‐octen‐3‐ol, R. K. SAINI, A. HASSANALI, and R. D. DRANSFIELD

Anthropogenic influences on parasitoid wasps’ biocontrol of invasive insect pest species in Africa, Fathiya M. Khamis and Inusa J. Ajene

Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) pests of honey bee colonies in Cameroon, David Tembong Cham, Ayuka Teboh Fombong, Paul Nduati Ndegwa, Lucy Wachuhi Irungu, and Suresh Kumar Raina

Antibacterial activity of Apis mellifera L. propolis collected in three regions of Kenya, Elliud M. Muli and J. M. Maingi

Antibiosis as a resistant mechanism to Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lipidoptera: Pyralidae) in selected maize genotypes, Harish Kumar

Antifeedant and ovicidal activities of a new cassane and other compounds from Caesalpinia welwitschiana Oliv. and Caesalpinia bonduc L. against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Flaure Rosette Ehawa Essoung, Brice Mitterant Mba’ning, Alain Tadjong Tcho, Sumesh Chander Chhabra, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Bruno Ndjakou Lenta, Silvere Augustin Ngouela, Etienne Tsamo, Ahmed Hassanali, and Russell John Cox

Anti-larval compounds from Vitex schiliebenii and Vitex payose, Gladys Mokua

Antimicrobial activity of chemically and biologically treated chitosan prepared from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) pupal shell waste, Mevin Kiprotich Lagat, Samuel Were, Francis Ndwigah, Violah Jepkogei Kemboi, Carolyne Kipkoech, and Chrysantus Mbi Tanga

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Kenya by Whole‐Genome Sequencing, Angela Muraya, Cecilia Kyany’a, Shahiid Kiyaga, Hunter J. Smith, Caleb Kibet, Melissa J. Martin, Josephine Kimani, and Lillian Musila

Antimosquito and antimicrobial clerodanoids and a chlorobenzenoid from Tessmannia species, Charles Kihampa, Mayunga H.H. Nkunya, Cosam C. Joseph, Stephen M. Magesa, Ahmed Hassanali, Matthias Heydenreich, and Erich Kleinpeter

Anti-mosquito and antimicrobial nor-halimanoids, isocoumarins and an anilinoid from Tessmannia densiflora, Charles Kihampa, Mayunga H.H. Nkunya, Cosam C. Joseph, Stephen M. Magesa, Ahmed Hassanali, Matthias Heydenreich, and Erich Kleinpeter

Antioxidant status of bilirubin and uric acid in patients diagnosed with Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Douala, Kouam Eric Bertrand, Ndomou Mathieu, Gouado Inocent, and Fotso Kuate Honore

Anti-predator crèches and aggregations of ant-mimicking jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae), Ximena J. Nelson and Robert R. Jackson

Anti-protozoal activity of aporphine and protoberberine alkaloids from Annickia kummeriae (Engl. & Diels) Setten & Maas (Annonaceae), Hamisi M. Malebo, Tanja Wenzler, Monical Cal, Sauda M. Swaleh, Maurice O. Omolo, Ahmed Hassanali, Urs Séquin, Daniel Häussinger, Petur Dalsgaard, Matthias Hamburger, Reto Brun, and Isaiah O. Ndiege

Anti-Tick Vaccines: Current Advances and Future Prospects, Dennis Muhanguzi, Christian Ndekezi, Joseph Nkamwesiga, Shewit Kalayou, Sylvester Ochwo, Moses Vuyani, and Magambo Phillip Kimuda

Ant mosaics in cocoa agroforestry systems of Southern Cameroon: influence of shade on the occurrence and spatial distribution of dominant ants, Zéphirin Tadu, Champlain Djiéto-Lordon, Yede, Edith Messop Youbi, Chantal Désirée Aléné, Abraham Fomena, and Régis Babin

An unusual caste polymorphism of the sternal gland and its trail pheromone production in the termite Trinervitermes bettonianus, R. H. Leuthold and M. Lüscher

An unusual new species of Hedychridium Abeille from Africa, Lynn S. Kimsey and Robert S. Copeland

An updated checklist of Dryinidae, Embolemidae and Sclerogibbidae (Hymenoptera) of Kenya and Burundi, with descriptions of thirteen new species, Massimo Olmi, Robert S. Copeland, and Adalgisa Guglielmino

An update on the distribution of Glossina (tsetse flies) at the wildlife-human-livestock interface of Akagera National Park, Rwanda, Richard S. Gashururu, Samuel M. Githigia, Methode N. Gasana, Richard Habimana, Ndichu Maingi, Giuliano Cecchi, Massimo Paone, Weining Zhao, Daniel K. Masiga, and James Gashumba

A PCR-based approach to distinguish important Diadegma species (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) associated with diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), B. Wagener, A. Reineke, B. Löhr, and C. P.W. Zebitz

Aphanogmus sp. (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae): A hyperparasitoid of the coffee berry borer parasitoid Prorops nasuta (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) in Kenya, Juliana Jaramillo and Fernando E. Vega

A political economy of niche-building: Neoliberal-developmental encounters in photovoltaic electrification in Kenya, Rob Byrne, Kennedy Mbeva, and David Ockwell

Application of Environmental DNA (eDNA) in the Detection and Quantification of Anopheles Mosquito Larvae in Artificial Aquatic Habitats, Joel Odero

Application of hyperspectral remote sensing for flower mapping in African savannas, Tobias Landmann, Rami Piiroinen, David M. Makori, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Sospeter Makau, Petri Pellikka, and Suresh K. Raina

Application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) in microbiological water quality analysis, Nduta F. Mwangi

Application of Machine learning in Identifying Associations between Congenital infections and Immune Development in Infants, Kabagenyi Joy

Application of Machine Learning Techniques to Discern Optimal Rearing Conditions for Improved Black Soldier Fly Farming, John Muinde, Chrysantus M. Tanga, John Olukuru, Clifford Odhiambo, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Kennedy Senagi

Application of residue, inorganic fertilizer and lime affect phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms and microbial biomass under different tillage and cropping systems in a Ferralsol, Peter Bolo, Job Kihara, Monicah Mucheru-Muna, Ezekiel Mugendi Njeru, Michael Kinyua, and Rolf Sommer

Application of secondary nutrients and micronutrients increases crop yields in sub-Saharan Africa, Job Kihara, Gudeta Weldesemayat Sileshi, Generose Nziguheba, Michael Kinyua, Shamie Zingore, and Rolf Sommer

Application of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) as desiccants to dry maize and reduce aflatoxin contamination, Duncan O. Mbuge, Renata Negrini, Livine O. Nyakundi, Serge P. Kuate, Ranajit Bandyopadhyay, William M. Muiru, Baldwyn Torto, and Raffaele Mezzenga

Approaches to conservation of Nesidiocoris tenuis for biological control of pests in field-grown tomato in Senegal, Anaïs Chailleux, Saliou Ndjiliw, Massamba Diakhaté, Grace Falone Akodjetin, Philippe Correa, Emilie Deletre, and Thierry Brévault

A predator from East Africa that chooses malaria vectors as preferred prey, Ximena J. Nelson and Robert R. Jackson

A preliminary account of larvivorous fish in the mwea rice irrigation system, E. J. Asimeng and M. J. Mutinga

A preliminary study on the pathogenicity of two isolates of nucleopolyhedroviruses infecting African bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), J. G. Ogembo, E. C. Kunjeku, and S. Sithanantham

A previously unreported potential malaria vector in a dry ecology of Kenya, Edwin O. Ogola, Edith Chepkorir, Rosemary Sang, and David P. Tchouassi

A push-pull system to reduce house entry of malaria mosquitoes, David J. Menger, Bruno Otieno, Marjolein De Rijk, W. Richard Mukabana, Joop Ja Van Loon, and Willem Takken

A quantification of the risk of trypanosomiasis infection to cattle on the south Kenya coast, W. F. Snow and S. A. Tarimo

Aquaporins Are Critical for Provision of Water during Lactation and Intrauterine Progeny Hydration to Maintain Tsetse Fly Reproductive Success, Joshua B. Benoit, Immo A. Hansen, Geoffrey M. Attardo, Veronika Michalková, Paul O. Mireji, Joel L. Bargul, Lisa L. Drake, Daniel K. Masiga, and Serap Aksoy

A randomized controlled trial combining house screening and insecticide-treated nets reduces malaria transmission in northwestern Ethiopia, Aklilu K. Belay, Abebe Asale, Catherine L. Sole, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Baldwyn Torto, Zewdu Abro, Menale Kassie, Clifford M. Mutero, and David P. Tchouassi

A randomized controlled trial of Tickoff® (Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 7) for control of tick infestations and transmission of tick-borne infections in extensively grazed zebu cattle in coastal Kenya, Joseph Wang ang’a Oundo, Shewit Kalayou, Gerrit Gort, Gebbiena M. Bron, Constantianus J.M. Koenraadt, Quirine ten Bosch, and Daniel Masiga

A randomized, double-blind placebo-control study assessing the protective efficacy of an odour-based ‘push–pull’ malaria vector control strategy in reducing human-vector contact, Ulrike Fillinger, Adrian Denz, Margaret M. Njoroge, Mohamed M. Tambwe, Willem Takken, Joop J.A. van Loon, Sarah J. Moore, Adam Saddler, Nakul Chitnis, and Alexandra Hiscox

Arbovirus and insect-specific virus discovery in Kenya by novel six genera multiplex high-resolution melting analysis, Jandouwe Villinger, Martin K. Mbaya, Daniel Ouso, Purity N. Kipanga, Joel Lutomiah, and Daniel K. Masiga

Arboviruses and blood meal sources in zoophilic mosquitoes at human-wildlife interfaces in Kenya, Ali A. Musa, Margaret W. Muturi, Abednego M. Musyoki, Daniel O. Ouso, Joseph W. Oundo, Edward E. Makhulu, Lillian Wambua, Jandouwe Villinger, and Maamun M. Jeneby

A recalibrated and tested LINTUL-Cassava simulation model provides insight into the high yield potential of cassava under rainfed conditions, J. G. Adiele, A. G.T. Schut, R. P.M. van den Beuken, K. S. Ezui, P. Pypers, A. O. Ano, C. N. Egesi, and K. E. Giller

Are genetically modified and genome-edited crops viable strategies for climate-change adaptation among smallholder farmers?, Matthew A. Schnurr, Joeva Rock, Ann Kingiri, and Samantha Lieberman

Are individuals willing to pay for community-based eco-friendly malaria vector control strategies? A case of mosquito larviciding using plant-based biopesticides in Kenya, Gracious M. Diiro, Menale Kassie, Beatrice W. Muriithi, Nancy G. Gathogo, Michael Kidoido, Rose Marubu, John Bwire Ochola, and Clifford Maina Mutero

Are Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets Effective for Preventing Childhood Deaths among Non-Net Users? A Community-Based Cohort Study in Western Kenya, Osuke Komazawa, Satoshi Kaneko, James K'Opiyo, Ibrahim Kiche, Sheru Wanyua, Masaaki Shimada, and Mohamed Karama

A repellent net as a new technology to protect cabbage crops, T. Martin, R. Palix, A. Kamal, E. Delétré, R. Bonafos, S. Simon, and M. Ngouajio

Are pests adapting to the push-pull system? Ecologically intensified farms in Kenya maintain successful pest control over time, T. Luttermoser, Z. R. Khan, C. A.O. Midega, D. Nyagol, M. Jonsson, and K. Poveda

Are the current animal trypanosomiasis management methods in Kenya complementary or substitutes? Evidence from Kwale County, Arnold Lumumbah Musungu, David Jakinda Otieno, Beatrice Wambui Muriithi, Rose Nyikal, Daniel Masiga, and Michael Nyanganga Okal

A review of edible saturniidae (Lepidoptera) caterpillars in Africa, Elizabeth Siago Kusia, Christian Borgemeister, and Sevgan Subramanian

A review of investigations on leishmaniasis vectors in Kenya., M. J. Mutinga

A review of the Afrotropical genus Hermannomyia Oldroyd, 1980, with the description of a new species from East Africa (Diptera: Asilidae: Stenopogoninae), Jason G.H. Londt and Robert S. Copeland

A review of the introduction and establishment of cotesia flavipes cameron in east africa for biological control of cereal stemborers, W. A. Overholt, A. J. Ngi-Song, C. O. Omwega, S. W. Kimani-Njogu, J. Mbapila, M. N. Sallam, and V. Ofomata

A review on candidate genes associated with sheep fertility traits: Implications for genetic improvement of indigenous sheep breeds in developing countries, Mezgebu Getaneh, Mengistie Taye, Kefyalew Alemayehu, Aynalem Haile, Tesfaye Getachew, and Workneh Ayalew

A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: New insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data, Bruno Le Ru, Claire Capdevielle-Dulac, Desmond Conlong, Beatrice Pallangyo, Johnnie Van Den Berg, George Ong'Amo, and Gael J. Kergoat

A revision of the genus Poeonoma Tams & Bowden (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Apameini: Sesamiina) with the description of a new genus and two new sesamiine species from the Afrotropical region, Bruno Le Ru, Claire Capdevielle-Dulac, Boaz K. Musyoka, Rose Ndemah, Philippe Le Gall, Onésime Mubenga Kandonda, Grégoire Bani, Richard Molo, George Ong’Amo, and Gael J. Kergoat

Arm-in-cage testing of natural human-derived mosquito repellents, James G. Logan, Nina M. Stanczyk, Ahmed Hassanali, Joshua Kemei, Antônio E.G. Santana, Karlos A.L. Ribeiro, John A. Pickett, and A. Jennifer Mordue

A road map for developing novel decision support system (DSS) for disseminating integrated pest management (IPM) technologies, Franck B.N. Tonle, Saliou Niassy, Milliam M.Z. Ndadji, Maurice T. Tchendji, Armand Nzeukou, Bester T. Mudereri, Kennedy Senagi, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Aroma characterization and consumer acceptance of four cookie products enriched with insect (Ruspolia differens) meal, Brian O. Ochieng, Joseph O. Anyango, John M. Nduko, Cynthia M. Mudalungu, Xavier Cheseto, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Arthropod Intelligence? The Case for Portia, Fiona R. Cross, Georgina E. Carvell, Robert R. Jackson, and Randolph C. Grace

Arthropod pest composition and abundance on citrus sinensis in the lowland and highland production locales of Kenya, Sunday Ekesi

Artificial feeding systems for ixodid ticks as a tool for study of pathogen transmission, A. S. Young, S. M. Waladde, and S. P. Morzaria

Artificial Intelligence in Science and Society: The Vision of USERN, Tommaso Dorigo, Gary D. Brown, Carlo Casonato, Artemi Cerda, Joseph Ciarrochi, Mauro Da Lio, Nicole D'souza, Nicolas R. Gauger, Steven C. Hayes, Stefan G. Hofmann, Robert Johansson, Marcus Liwicki, Fabien Lotte, Juan J. Nieto, Giulia Olivato, Peter Parnes, George Perry, Alice Plebe, Idupulapati M. Rao, Nima Rezaei, Fredrik Sandin, Andrey Ustyuzhanin, Giorgio Vallortigara, Pietro Vischia, and Niloufar Yazdanpanah

Artificial-membrane feeding of the ixodid tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, to repletion, S. M. Waladde, S. A. Ochieng', and P. M. Gichuhi

A sampling bias model for odour-baited traps in relation to tsetse hunger cycle and population suppression, Adedapo Odulaja and L. Chuka Madubunyi

A scientifc note on validation of housekeeping genes for the primitively eusocial bee euglossa viridissima friese (Apidae: Euglossini), S. Boff, A. Friedel, A. Miertsch, J. J.G. Quezada-Euán, R. J. Paxton, and H. M.G. Lattorff

A scientific note on in-hive positioning determines small hive beetle trap efficacy, Michael N.K. Muturi, Anna Papach, H. Michael G. Lattorff, and Peter Neumann

A simple method for sampling indoor-resting malaria mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Africa, J. E. Harbison, E. M. Mathenge, G. O. Misiani, W. R. Mukabana, and J. F. Day

A simple technique for observing and collecting the saliva of tsetse flies (Diptera, Glossinidae), Anthony Youdeowei

A simplified model for predicting malaria entomologic inoculation rates based on entomologic and parasitologic parameters relevant to control, G. F. Killeen, F. E. McKenzie, B. D. Foy, C. Schieffelin, P. F. Billingsley, and J. C. Beier

A simulation model for genetic resistance to acaricides in the African brown ear tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Acarina: Ixodidae), G. Gettinby, R. M. Newson, Margaret M.J. Calpin, and G. Paton

A simulation model of African Anopheles ecology and population dynamics for the analysis of malaria transmission, Jean Marc O. Depinay, Charles M. Mbogo, Gerry Killeen, Bart Knols, John Beier, John Carlson, Jonathan Dushoff, Peter Billingsley, Henry Mwambi, John Githure, Abdoulaye M. Toure, and F. Ellis McKenzie

A spatial filtering specification for an auto-negative binomial model of anopheles arabiensis aquatic habitats, Benjamin G. Jacob, Daniel A. Griffith, James T. Gunter, Ephantus J. Muturi, Erick X. Caamano, Josephat I. Shililu, John I. Githure, James L. Regens, and Robert J. Novak

Aspects of insect chemical ecology: Exploitation of reception and detection as tools for deception of pests and beneficial insects, John A. Pickett, Gudbjorg I. Aradottir, Michael A. Birkett, Toby J.A. Bruce, Keith Chamberlain, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Lesley E. Smart, and Christine M. Woodcock

A spider that feeds indirectly on vertebrate blood by choosing female mosquitoes as prey, Robert R. Jackson, Ximena J. Nelson, and Godfrey O. Sune

Assesment of the Nutritional Value, Microbial Quality and Sensory Acceptance of Cookies Enriched With Edible Longhorn Grasshoper (ruspolia differens serville) Flours from Different Processing Methods, Brian Onyango Ochieng

Assessement of Kairomones as a Monitoring Tool for Cotesia Flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Esther Ndumi Ngumbi

Assessing and understanding non-responsiveness of maize and soybean to fertilizer applications in African smallholder farms, Dries Roobroeck, Cheryl A. Palm, Generose Nziguheba, Ray Weil, and Bernard Vanlauwe

Assessing stock and thresholds detection of soil organic carbon and nitrogen along an altitude gradient in an east Africa mountain ecosystem, C. M. Njeru, S. Ekesi, S. A. Mohamed, J. I. Kinyamario, S. Kiboi, and E. E. Maeda

Assessing Success Factors of Partnership Building and Rural Institutions Development amongst Smallholder Systems in East Africa, Verrah Akinyi Otiende

Assessing the Environmental Suitability for Transhumance in Support of Conflict Prevention in the Sahel, Maximilian Schwarz, Tobias Landmann, Damien Jusselme, Eduardo Zambrano, Jens Danzeglocke, Florian Siegert, and Jonas Franke

Assessing the impact of biological control of Plutella xylostella through the application of Lotka-Volterra model, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Lev V. Nedorezov, Horace Ochanda, John Owino, and Bernhard Löhr

Assessing the impact of climate-resilient maize varieties and their interaction with the stem borer chilo partellus (swinhoe) (lepidoptera: crambidae) in semi-field conditions, Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Paul André Calatayud, and Thomas Dubois

Assessing the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and BCG vaccine cross-protection in the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in eastern Africa, Chelsea Mbeke Kilonzo, Mark Wamalwa, Solange Youdom Whegang, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Assessing the impacts of agricultural managements on soil carbon stocks, nitrogen loss, and crop production - a modelling study in eastern Africa, Jianyong Ma, Sam S. Rabin, Peter Anthoni, Anita D. Bayer, Sylvia S. Nyawira, Stefan Olin, Longlong Xia, and Almut Arneth

Assessing the importance of self-regulating mechanisms in diamondback moth population dynamics: Application of discrete mathematical models, Lev V. Nedorezov, Bernhard L. Löhr, and Dinara L. Sadykova

Assessing the long-term welfare effects of the biological control of cereal stemborer pests in East and Southern Africa: Evidence from Kenya, Mozambique and Zambia, Soul kifouly G. Midingoyi, Hippolyte D. Affognon, Ibrahim Macharia, Georges Ong'amo, Esther Abonyo, Gerphas Ogola, Hugo De Groote, and Bruno LeRu

Assessing the potential economic benefits of classical biological control of the invasive fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis by Fopius arisanus in Kenya, Komi Mensah Agboka, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Beatrice Muriithi, Saliou Niassy, Shepard Ndlela, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Samira A. Mohamed, and Sunday Ekesi

Assessing the potential impact of biological control of Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) in cabbage production in Kenya, Ibrahim Macharia, Bernhard Löhr, and Hugo De Groote

Assessing yield and efficiency implications of relying on parasitoids for control of cereal stemborers: The case of small-scale maize farmers in Kenya, Anderson Kipruto Kipkoech, Dagmar Mithöfer, Wilson K. Yabann, Henry K. Maritim, and Fritz Schulthess

Assessment of Adoption of Watershed Management Approaches for Sustainable Constituency Development Fund Projects in Funyula Constituency, Kenya, Daniel Namenya Naburi

Assessment Of Conservation Agriculture As An Adaptation Option To Climate Change In The Taita Hills, Kenya, Lilian K. Motaroki

Assessment of damage and yield losses on maize by the lepidopterans Chilo partellus (Crambidae), Busseolafusca (Noctuidae) and Sesamia calamistis (Noctuidae), Etabale Akhusama

Assessment of damage and yield losses on maize by the lepidopterans Chilo partellus (Crambidae), Busseolafusca (Noctuidae) and Sesamia calamistis (Noctuidae), Etabale Akhusama

Assessment of damage and yield losses on maize by the lepidopterans Chilo partellus (Crambidae), Busseolafusca (Noctuidae) and Sesamia calamistis (Noctuidae), Etabale Akhusama

Assessment of different legumes for the control of Striga hermonthica in maize and sorghum, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Ahmed Hassanali, John A. Pickett, and Lester J. Wadhams

Assessment of Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A(c) Î´-endotoxin on nitrogen fixing bacteria and their host plants in clay soil, Huxley Mae Makonde

Assessment of ethiopian wheat lines for slow rusting resistance to stem rust of wheat caused by puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, Netsanet Hei, Hussein Ali Shimelis, Mark Laing, and Belayneh Admassu

Assessment of Health and Environmental effects of Mango Integrated Fruit Fly Management Strategy in Meru County, Kenya, Chris Mwungu Miyinzi

Assessment of information flow and ex-ante impact of potential cashew integrated pest's management strategies for sustainable cashew production: the case of Tandahimba and Lindi rural districts, Elly Josephat Ligate

Assessment of information flow and ex-ante impact of potential cashew integrated pest's management strategies for sustainable cashew production: the case of Tandahimba and Lindi rural districts, Elly Josephat Ligate

Assessment of Kairomones as a Monitoring Tool for Cotesia Flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Esther Ndumi Ngumbi

Assessment of Mound Soils Bacterial Community of the Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta across Guangdong Province of China, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Lei Nie, Junaid Ali Siddiqui, Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Chunsheng Jia, and Yijuan Xu

Assessment of quantitative and qualitative losses of stored grains due to insect infestation in Ethiopia, Marid Taddese, Kumela Dibaba, Wakuma Bayissa, Debela Hunde, Esayas Mendesil, Menale Kassie, Christopher Mutungi, and Tadele Tefera

Assessment of Resistance Mechanisms to Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in Tropical Maize Inbred Lines, Ovide Nuambote-Yobila, Anani Y. Bruce, Gerphas Ogola Okuku, Charles Marangu, Dan Makumbi, Yoseph Beyene, Nzola Meso Mahungu, Boddupalli Maruthi Prasanna, Frédéric Marion-Poll, and Paul André Calatayud

Assessment of ripening stages of Cavendish dwarf bananas as host or non-host to Bactrocera invadens, D. Cugala, S. Ekesi, D. Ambasse, R. S. Adamu, and S. A. Mohamed

Assessment of risk of dengue and yellow fever virus transmission in three major Kenyan cities based on Stegomyia indices, Sheila B. Agha, David P. Tchouassi, Armanda D.S. Bastos, and Rosemary Sang

Assessment of Rodents' Postharvest Losses in On-Farm Maize Storage in Kenya, Kukom Edoh Ognakossan

Assessment of surveillance core and support functions regarding neglected tropical diseases in Kenya, Arthur K.S. Ng’etich, Kuku Voyi, and Clifford M. Mutero

Assessment of sustainable land use: linking land management practices to sustainable land use indicators, Generose Nziguheba, Julius Adewopo, Cargele Masso, Nsharwasi Leon Nabahungu, Johan Six, Haroon Sseguya, Godfrey Taulya, and Bernard Vanlauwe

Assessment of technical efficiency of farmer teachers in the uptake and dissemination of push-pull technology in Western Kenya, D. M. Amudavi, Z. R. Khan, J. M. Wanyama, C. A.O. Midega, J. Pittchar, I. M. Nyangau, A. Hassanali, and J. A. Pickett

Assessment of the 2006 Abuja Fertilizer Declaration With Emphasis on Nitrogen Use Efficiency to Reduce Yield Gaps in Maize Production, Ntinyari Winnie, Mekonnen Giweta, Joseph Gweyi-Onyango, Benson Mochoge, James Mutegi, Generose Nziguheba, and Cargele Masso

Assessment of the effects of climate change on the occurrence of tomato invasive insect pests in Uganda, N'dakpaze Gno-Solim Ela, Daniel Olago, Amwata Dorothy Akinyi, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Assessment of the impact of natural enemies on stemborer infestations and yield loss in maize using selected insecticides in Mozambique, Domingos Cugala, Fritz Schulthess, Calistus P.O. Ogol, and Charles O. Omwega

Assessment of the Level of Resistance to Bifenthrin, Cypermethrin and Methomyl Insecticides in Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) Whitefly Populations from Selected Sites in Kenya, Thomas Njaramba Njuguna

Assessment of the Potential for Integration of Ecosystem Based Approaches and Local Indigenous Knowledge into Climate Change Adaptation in the Taita Hills, Kenya, Sarah Murabula Achola

Assessment of the potential of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) varieties as trap plants for management of Chilo partellus, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Nicholas J. Hutter, Richard M. Wilkins, and Lester J. Wadhams

Associational Effects of Desmodium Intercropping on Maize Resistance and Secondary Metabolism, Ethan Bass, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Charles A.O. Midega, Zeyaur R. Khan, and André Kessler

Association of ecological factors with Rift Valley fever occurrence and mapping of risk zones in Kenya, Gladys Mosomtai, Magnus Evander, Per Sandström, Clas Ahlm, Rosemary Sang, Osama Ahmed Hassan, Hippolyte Affognon, and Tobias Landmann

Association of maize streak virus disease and its vectors (Homoptera: Cicadelidae) with soil macronutrients and altitudes in Kenya, O. E.V. Magenya, J. Mueke, and C. Omwega

Association of Phlebotomus guggisbergi with Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica in a complex transmission setting for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Gilgil, Nakuru county, Kenya, Barrack O. Owino, Damaris Matoke-Muhia, Yasser Alraey, Jackline Milkah Mwangi, Johnstone M. Ingonga, Philip M. Ngumbi, Aitor Casas-Sanchez, Alvaro Acosta-Serrano, and Daniel K. Masiga

A Surveillance Study on Tick and Tick-Borne Pathogen diversity in Shimba Hills National Reserve, Kenya, Micky Mwamuye Mwananje

A survey of mosquito-borne and insect-specific viruses in hospitals and livestock markets in western Kenya, Tatenda Chiuya, Daniel K. Masiga, Laura C. Falzon, Armanda D.S. Bastos, Eric M. Fèvre, and Jandouwe Villinger

A survey of root knot nematodes and resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in sweet potato varieties from Kenyan fields, Hannah W. Karuri, Daniel Olago, Roy Neilson, Enock Mararo, and Jandouwe Villinger

A survey of the management of livestock ticks and other aspects of animal ethno health in Bukusu community, Western Kenya, Wycliffe Wanzala

A systematic methodological approach to estimate the impacts of a classical biological control agent's dispersal at landscape: Application to fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis and its endoparasitoid Fopius arisanus, Komi Mensah Agboka, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Emily Kimathi, Onisimo Mutanga, John Odindi, Saliou Niassy, Samira A. Mohamed, and Sunday Ekesi

A Systematic Review on Advancements in Remote Sensing for Assessing and Monitoring Land Use and Land Cover Changes Impacts on Surface Water Resources in Semi-Arid Tropical Environments, Makgabo Johanna Mashala, Timothy Dube, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Kingsley Kwabena Ayisi, and Marubini Reuben Ramudzuli

A systematic review on improving implementation of the revitalised integrated disease surveillance and response system in the African region: A health workers' perspective, Arthur K.S. Ng'etichi, Kuku Voyi, Ruth C. Kirinyet, and Clifford M. Mutero

A system dynamics model for pests and natural enemies interactions, Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Sevgan Subramanian, Anani Y. Bruce, Thomas Dubois, Sunday Ekesi, and Paul André Calatayud

A system dynamics model for predicting African armyworm occurrence and population dynamics, Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame, Brian Kipkorir, Komi Mensah Agboka, Saliou Niassy, Yeneneh Belayneh, Maged Elkahky, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

A tale of framing and screening: How health messaging and house screening affect malaria transmission in Ethiopia, Solomon Balew, Erwin Bulte, Zewdu Abro, Abebe Asale, Clifford Mutero, and Menale Kassie

A technique for handling and sexing Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) adults (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), K. A.N.P. Bandara and R. C. Saxena

A temperature-based phenology model for predicting development, survival and population growth potential of the mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Babasaheb B. Fand, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Mahesh Kumar, Ankush L. Kamble, and Santanu K. Bal

A theoretical model for host-controlled regulation of symbiont density, Mathilda Whittle, Michael B. Bonsall, Antoine M.G. Barreaux, Fleur Ponton, and Sinead English

At lunch with a killer: The effect of weaver ants on host-parasitoid interactions on mango, Valentina Migani, Sunday Ekesi, Katharina Merkel, and Thomas Hoffmeister

A transdisciplinary perspective on the links between malaria and agroecosystems in Kenya, C. M. Mutero, C. Kabutha, V. Kimani, L. Kabuage, G. Gitau, J. Ssennyonga, J. Githure, L. Muthami, A. Kaida, L. Musyoka, E. Kiarie, and M. Oganda

Attending to detail by communal spider-eating spiders, Robert R. Jackson and Ximena J. Nelson

Attractant and repellent properties of Senna didymobotrya plant extracts to Amblyomma variegatum and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Diana Wairimu Kinyua, Xavier Cheseto, Joel Ltilitan Bargul, Meshack Amos Obonyo, Komivi Senyo Akutse, and Daniel Masiga

Attraction of Amblyomma variegatum (ticks) to the attraction-aggregation- attachment-pheromone with or without carbon dioxide, R. O. Maranga, A. Hassanali, G. P. Kaaya, and J. M. Mueke

Attraction of Anopheles gambiae to odour baits augmented with heat and moisture, Evelyn A. Olanga, Michael N. Okal, Phoebe A. Mbadi, Elizabeth D. Kokwaro, and Wolfgang R. Mukabana

Attraction of male Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks to females in relation to feeding, M. G. Leahy, R. Galun, R. E. Purnell, and R. C. Payne

Attraction of pest thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) infesting French beans to coloured sticky traps with Lurem-TR and its utility for monitoring thrips populations, A. M. Muvea, M. M. Waiganjo, H. L. Kutima, Z. Osiemo, J. O. Nyasani, and S. Subramanian

Attraction of the Mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) to a 3-Part Phytochemical Blend in a Mesocosm, Robert P. Hutcheson, Babak Ebrahimi, Basilio N. Njiru, Woodbridge A. Foster, and William Jany

Attraction of the Stem Borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) Larvae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by Certain Coloured Surfaces for Trapping, Kailash Narain Saxena and Jeremiah Dickens Onyango

Attraction response of adult Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Rhipicephalus pulchellus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks to extracts from Calpurnia aurea (Fabaceae), P. Nana, N. K. Maniania, R. O. Maranga, H. L. Kutima, H. I. Boga, F. Nchu, and J. N. Eloff

Attractive and repellent host odours guide ticks to their respective feeding sites, W. Wanzala, N. F.K. Sika, S. Gule, and A. Hassanali

Attractiveness of black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) to tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) (diptera: glossinidae) and other biting flies, S. Mihok, S. K. Moloo, J. O. Oden'y, R. A. Brett, J. G. Rakwar, E. Munyoki, J. Kiilu, and C. A. Kyorku

A two-step approach for detecting Striga in a complex agroecological system using Sentinel-2 data, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Elfatih Mohamed Abdel-Rahman, Timothy Dube, Saliou Niassy, Zeyaur Khan, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Tobias Landmann

Author Correction: A global-scale expert assessment of drivers and risks associated with pollinator decline (Nature Ecology & Evolution, (2021), 5, 10, (1453-1461), 10.1038/s41559-021-01534-9), Lynn V. Dicks, Tom D. Breeze, Hien T. Ngo, Deepa Senapathi, Jiandong An, Marcelo A. Aizen, Parthiba Basu, Damayanti Buchori, Leonardo Galetto, Lucas A. Garibaldi, Barbara Gemmill-Herren, Brad G. Howlett, Vera L. Imperatriz-Fonseca, Steven D. Johnson, Anikó Kovács-Hostyánszki, Yong Jung Kwon, H. Michael G. Lattorff, Thingreipi Lungharwo, Colleen L. Seymour, Adam J. Vanbergen, and Simon G. Potts

Author Correction: Mitochondrial genetic variation reveals phylogeographic structure and cryptic diversity in Trioza erytreae (Scientific Reports, (2020), 10, 1, (8893), 10.1038/s41598-020-65880-7), Inusa Ajene, Fathiya M. Khamis, Gerhard Pietersen, and Barbara van Asch

Author Correction: Pesticide pollution in freshwater paves the way for schistosomiasis transmission (Scientific Reports, (2020), 10, 1, (3650), 10.1038/s41598-020-60654-7), Jeremias M. Becker, Akbar A. Ganatra, Faith Kandie, Lina Mühlbauer, Jörg Ahlheim, Werner Brack, Baldwyn Torto, Eric L. Agola, Francis Mcodimba, Henner Hollert, Ulrike Fillinger, and Matthias Liess

Author disassociationTrypanosome infection rate in cattle at Nguruman, Kenya {Vet. Parasitol., 81 (1999) 107-117], R. A. Tarimo-Nesbitt, T. K. Golder, R. D. Dransfield, M. F. Chaudhury, and R. Brightwell

Autogeny and Endocrine Involvement in the Reproduction of Tropical Flesh Flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), GURDEEP K. CHADHA and DAVID L. DENLINGER

Automatic synthesis of insects bioacoustics using machine learning: a systematic review, Henry Kyalo, Henri Tonnang, James Egonyu, John Olukuru, Chrysantus Tanga, and Kennedy Senagi

Availability of Sentinel-2-based time-series observations: which vegetation phenology-based metrics perform best for mapping farming systems in complex landscapes?, Katrin Hasenbein, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Mariam Adan, Stella Muthoni Gachoki, Eunice King’ori, Thomas Dubois, and Tobias Landmann

A visual and spatial tool for tracking, mapping and forecasting the dispersal of biological control agents, Komi Mensah Agboka, John Odindi, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Onisimo Mutanga, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

A worldwide overview of the status and prospects of edible insect production, R. Caparros Megido, F. Francis, E. Haubruge, P. Le Gall, J. K. Tomberlin, C. D. Miranda, H. R. Jordan, C. J. Picard, M. J.M. Pino, J. Ramos-Elordy, E. Katz, K. B. Barragán-Fonseca, E. M. Costa-Neto, R. Ponce-Reyes, G. Wijffels, S. Ghosh, C. Jung, Y. S. Han, B. Conti, A. Vilcinskas, C. M. Tanga, M. O. Kababu, D. Beesigamukama, J. A. Morales Ramos, and A. van Huis

Bacteria and Archaea diversity within the hot springs of Lake Magadi and Little Magadi in Kenya, Anne Kelly Kambura, Romano Kachiuru Mwirichia, Remmy Wekesa Kasili, Edward Nderitu Karanja, Huxley Mae Makonde, and Hamadi Iddi Boga

Bacteria associated with Parthenium hysterophorus root exudate influence olfactory oviposition responses of Anopheles gambiae, Trizah K. Milugo, Baldwyn Torto, and David P. Tchouassi

Bacterial diversity in the Interstinal Tracts of the Fungus-Cultivating Termites Macrotermes michaelseni (Sjostedt) and Odontotermes somaliensis (Sjostedt, Lucy M. Mackenzi

Bacterial diversity in the Interstinal Tracts of the Fungus-Cultivating Termites Macrotermes michaelseni (Sjostedt) and Odontotermes somaliensis (Sjostedt, Lucy M. Mackenzi

Bacterial diversity in the intestinal tract of the fungus-cultivating termite Macrotermes michaelseni (Sjöstedt), Lucy Mwende Mackenzie, Anne Thairu Muigai, Ellie Onyango Osir, Wilber Lwande, Martin Keller, Gerardo Toledo, and Hamadi Iddi Boga

Bacteria with natural chemotaxis towards methanol revealed by chemotaxis fishing technique, Yosef Hamba Tola, Yoshiko Fujitani, and Akio Tani

Bait attractants based on artificial fruit-essence for trapping and monitoring Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) females in Peshawar-Pakistan, Muhammad Shehzad Khan, Farman Ullah, Hayat Badshah, Bashir Ahmad, Inayat Ali Shahjehan, and Paul André Calatayud

Baiting and male annihilation techniques for fruit fly suppression in Africa, Sunday Ekesi

Bed net use and associated factors in a rice farming community in Central Kenya, Peter N. Ng'ang'a, Gayathri Jayasinghe, Violet Kimani, Josephat Shililu, Charity Kabutha, Lucy Kabuage, John Githure, and Clifford Mutero

Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus to host plant volatiles, William J. Budenberg, Isaiah O. Ndiege, Florence W. Karago, and Bill S. Hansson

Behavioral and physiological responses of rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis to selected wild rices, Z. R. Khan, B. P. Rueda, and P. Caballero

Behavioral Evidence for Olfactory-Based Location of Honeybee Colonies by the Scarab Oplostomus haroldi, Ayuka T. Fombong, Jacqueline M. Mutunga, Peter E.A. Teal, and Baldwyn Torto

Behavioral evidence for the existence of a region-specific oviposition cue in Anopheles gambiae s.s., C. Brandon Ogbunugafor and Leunita Sumba

Behavioral Response of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) to 20 Plant Extracts, Deletre Emilie, Maelle Mallent, Chantal Menut, Fabrice Chandre, and Thibaud Martin

Behavioral response of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, to tomato, Solanum lycopersicon, root exudates, Hillary Kipchirchir Kirwa

Behavioral response of the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) to plant volatiles of Ocimum basilicum and Tagetes minuta, Francis Kiamba Matu, Lucy Kananu Murungi, Samira Mohamed, and Emilie Deletre

Behavioral responses of the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida, to odors of three meliponine bee species and honey bees, Apis mellifera scutellata, Bridget O. Bobadoye, Ayuka T. Fombong, Nkoba Kiatoko, Raina Suresh, Peter E.A. Teal, Daisy Salifu, and Baldwyn Torto

Behavioral responses of Thrips tabaci Lindeman to endophyte-inoculated onion plants, A. M. Muvea, R. Meyhöfer, N. K. Maniania, H. M. Poehling, S. Ekesi, and S. Subramanian

Behavioral Responses of tuta absoluta to a Wild and Cultivated Tomato Plants and Characterization of the Mediating Semiochemical blends, Raphael Njurai Miano

Behavioral Responses of tuta absoluta to a Wild and Cultivated Tomato Plants and Characterization of the Mediating Semiochemical blends, Raphael Njurai Miano

Behavioural determinants of gene flow in malaria vector populations: Anopheles gambiae males select large females as mates, F. M. Okanda, A. Dao, B. N. Njiru, J. Arija, H. A. Akelo, Y. Touré, A. Odulaja, J. C. Beier, J. I. Githure, G. Yan, L. C. Gouagna, B. G.J. Knols, and G. F. Killeen

Behavioural ecology of the African armywonn, Spodoptera exempta (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae); evidence of successive generations from Kenya, S. Khasimuddin and M. C. Lubega

Behavioural response of alate Aphis craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae) to volatiles from different cowpea cultivars, Seydou Diabate, Emilie Deletre, Lucy Kananu Murungi, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, John Wesonga, and Thibaud Martin

Behavioural response of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae to host plant volatiles and synthetic blends, Vincent O. Nyasembe, Peter Ea Teal, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, James H. Tumlinson, and Baldwyn Torto

Behavioural responses of bean flower thrips (Megalurothrips sjostedti) to vegetative and floral volatiles from different cowpea cultivars, Seydou Diabate, Emilie Deletre, Lucy Kananu Murungi, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Sevgan Subramanian, John Wesonga, and Thibaud Martin

Behavioural responses of Phlebotomus duboscqi to plant-derived volatile organic compounds, I. B. Hassaballa, D. Matoke-Muhia, D. K. Masiga, C. L. Sole, B. Torto, and D. P. Tchouassi

Behaviour and biology of Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on maize and wild gramineous plants, H. M. Mohamed, Z. R. Khan, W. A. Overholt, and D. K. Elizabeth

Behaviour and biology of Chilo partellus on maize landraces, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Charles A.O. Midega, Toby J.A. Bruce, Johnnie van den Berg, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Behaviour and biology of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) on Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. infested and uninfested maize plants, Hassan M. Mohamed, Zeyaur R. Khan, Jones M. Mueke, Ahmed Hassanali, Eunice Kairu, and John A. Pickett

Behaviour of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae) on waterbuck Kobus defassa Ruppel and feeding membranes smeared with waterbuck sebum indicates the presence of allomones, Nicholas K. Gikonyo, Ahmed Hassanali, Peter G.N. Njagi, and Rajinder K. Saini

Bemisia tabaci-mediated facilitation in diversity of begomoviruses: Evidence from recent molecular studies, Waqar Islam, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Muhammad Qasim, Khalid Ali Khan, Hamed A. Ghramh, Atif Idrees, and Shahid Latif

Beneficial sterols in selected edible insects and their associated antibacterial activities, Cynthia Muhavi Mudalungu, Hosea Oginda Mokaya, and Chrysantus Mbi Tanga

Best practices for colony management: a neglected aspect for improving honey bee colony health and productivity in Africa, Beatrice T. Nganso, Victoria Soroker, Angelina F. Osabutey, Christian W.W. Pirk, Tino Johansson, Ntirenganya Elie, Z. Ngalo Otieno-Ayayo, Mohammed M. Ibrahim, N. N. Ndungu, Workneh Ayalew, Abebe J. Wubie, Geraud C.Tasse Taboue, Sidonie T. Fameni, Bridget O. Bobadoye, Freweini Assefa, and Sevgan Subramanian

Better floors, better health: a theory of change for an improved household flooring intervention in rural communities in Kwale and Bungoma counties, Kenya, Stella Kepha, Hugo Legge, Katherine E. Halliday, Victoria Ochwal, Lynne Elson, Jacinta Mwongeli, William E. Oswald, Beatrice Kakoi, James Wambua, Charles Mwandawiro, Ulrike Fillinger, Rachel Pullan, and Doris Njomo

BEYOND AVERAGES: NEW APPROACHES to UNDERSTAND HETEROGENEITY and RISK of TECHNOLOGY SUCCESS or FAILURE in SMALLHOLDER FARMING, Bernard Vanlauwe, R. I.C. Coe, and Ken E. Giller

Beyond Sperm and Male Accessory Gland Proteins: Exploring Insect Reproductive Metabolomes, Francesca Scolari, Fathiya M. Khamis, and Diana Pérez-Staples

Biflora-4, 10(19), 15-Triene: A New Diterpene from a Termite Soldier (Isoptera Termitidae Termitinae), David F. Wiemer, Jerrold Meinwald, Glenn D. Prestwick, Barbara A. Solheim, and Jon Clardy

Big opportunities for tiny bugs: rush to boost laying hen performance using black soldier fly larvae meal, Linus K. Wamai, Leonard M. Munga, Isaac M. Osuga, Jonathan M. Munguti, Sevgan Subramanian, Michael K. Kidoido, Janice C. Ghemoh, Charles M. Mwendia, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Bioacoustics of Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) on Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae), Anastasia Wanjiru Njoroge, Hippolyte Affognon, Christopher Mutungi, Uwe Richter, Oliver Hensel, Barukh Rohde, and Richard W. Mankin

Bioactive constituents, in vitro radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of selected Apis mellifera honey from Kenya, Hosea O. Mokaya, Joel L. Bargul, Janet W. Irungu, and Hans Michael G. Lattorff

Bioactive Volatiles From Push-Pull Companion Crops Repel Fall Armyworm and Attract Its Parasitoids, Islam S. Sobhy, Amanuel Tamiru, Xavier Chiriboga Morales, Dickens Nyagol, Duncan Cheruiyot, Frank Chidawanyika, Sevgan Subramanian, Charles A.O. Midega, Toby J.A. Bruce, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Bioassay of three solanaceous weeds as alternative hosts for the invasive tomato Leafminer Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and insights on their carryover potential, K. Abbes, A. Harbi, M. Elimem, A. Hafsi, and B. Chermiti

Biochar and gypsum amendment of agro-industrial waste for enhanced black soldier fly larval biomass and quality frass fertilizer, Dennis Beesigamukama, Benson Mochoge, Nicholas K. Korir, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, Fathiya M. Khamis, Thomas Dubois, Sevgan Subramanian, Musyoka M. Wangu, Sunday Ekesi, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Biochemical and immunochemical evidence for the origin of the spermatophore material in Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood, E. D. Kokwaro, B. M. Okot-Kotber, T. R. Odhiambo, and J. K. Murithi

Biochemical changes in developing embryos of Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) induced by pheromone produced by ovipositing gregarious females, Fathiya M. Khamis, Paul O. Mireji, Ellie O. Osir, Mabel O. Imbuga, and Ahmed Hassanali

Biochemical characterization of Leishmania spp. isolated from man and wild animals in kenya, B. M. Okot-Kotber, M. J. Mutinga, and J. B. Kaddu

Biochemical Examination and Identification of Botanicals Active against Adult Anopheles Gambiae from the Coastal Region of Kenya, Josiah Ochieng Odalo

Biochemical identification of Phlebotomus (larroussius) pedifer and Phlebotomous (larroussius) elegonensis, Lucie M. Rogo, C. P.M. Khamala, and M. J. Mutinga

Biochemistry and transcriptomic analyses of Phthorimaeaabsoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) response to insecticides, Samantha W. Karanu, Inusa J. Ajene, Elijah K. Lelmen, Maureen A. Ong’onge, Komivi S. Akutse, and Fathiya M. Khamis

Bioconcentration of fallout 137cs by fungi and red-backed voles (Clethrionomys gapperi), Steve Mihok, Bill Schwartz, and Anthony M. Wiewel

Biocontrol-based strategies for improving soil health and managing plant-parasitic nematodes in coffee production, Kanan K. Saikai, Celestine Oduori, Evans Situma, Simon Njoroge, Ruth Murunde, John W. Kimenju, Douglas W. Miano, Solveig Haukeland, and Danny Coyne

Biocontrol Potential of Chitin and Chitosan Extracted from Black Soldier Fly Pupal Exuviae against Bacterial Wilt of Tomato, Violah Jepkogei Kemboi, Carolyne Kipkoech, Moses Njire, Samuel Were, Mevin Kiprotich Lagat, Francis Ndwiga, John Mwibanda Wesonga, and Chrysantus Mbi Tanga

Biocontrol potential of the entomogenous fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae for tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) at developmental sites, Godwin P. Kaaya and David M. Munyinyi

Biodiesel Production From Candlenut And Calodendrum Capense Seeds: Process Design And Technological Assessment, Dennis Mogire Ndaya

Biodiversity and efficacy of fungal isolates associated with Kenyan populations of potato cyst nematode (Globodera spp.), Margaret Nyaboke Nyang'au, Komivi S. Akutse, Khamis Fathiya, Miriam Karwitha Charimbu, and Solveig Haukeland

Bioecology of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), its management and potential patterns of seasonal spread in Africa, Saliou Niassy, Mawufe Komi Agbodzavu, Emily Kimathi, Berita Mutune, El Fatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Daisy Salifu, Girma Hailu, Yeneneh T. Belayneh, Elias Felege, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Sunday Ekesi, and Sevgan Subramanian

Bio-ecology of false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) within citrus orchards in Kenya and Tanzania, Abdullah M. Mkiga, Samira A. Mohamed, Hannalene du Plessis, Fathiya M. Khamis, and Sunday Ekesi

Bioecology of some key cashew insect pests and diseases in diverse habitats and landscapes in Tanzania, B. V. Agboton, D. Salifu, Z. Seguni, M. E. Sijaona, S. Shomari, S. Ekesi, and N. K. Maniania

Bio-efficacy and physical integrity of piperonylbutoxide coated combination net (PermaNet^® 3.0) against pyrethroid resistant population of Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in Ethiopia, Abaynesh Birhanu, Abebe Asale, and Delenasaw Yewhalaw

Bioefficacy of unitary and binary botanical combinations against Mexican bean weevil, Zabrotes subfasciatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Tegegne Bayih, Amanuel Tamiru, and Meseret Chimdessa Egigu

Bioevaluation of insecticidal and repellen plants from central region of Kenya and chemical identification of bioactive derivatives, Silas Khamala Simiyu

Bio-evaluation of larvicidal plants from the coastal parts of Kenya, Fidelis Nekesa Samita

Bio-functional properties and phytochemical composition of selected Apis mellifera honey from Africa, Nelly N. Ndungu, Timothy M. Kegode, Justus K. Kurgat, Steve B.S. Baleba, Xavier Cheseto, S. Turner, Geraud C. Tasse Taboue, J. M. Kasina, Sevgan Subramanian, and Beatrice T. Nganso

Biogeography of cereal stemborers and their natural enemies: forecasting pest management efficacy under changing climate, Reyard Mutamiswa, Gerald Chikowore, Casper Nyamukondiwa, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Zeyaur Rahman Khan, and Frank Chidawanyika

Biogeography of the theileriosis vector, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus under current and future climate scenarios of Zimbabwe, Tinotenda M. Nemaungwe, Ellie M.S.P. van Dalen, Emily O. Waniwa, Pious V. Makaya, Gerald Chikowore, and Frank Chidawanyika

Bioinformatics analysis of the Microsporidia sp. MB genome: a malaria transmission-blocking symbiont of the Anopheles arabiensis mosquito, Lilian Mbaisi Ang’ang’o, Jeremy Keith Herren, and Özlem Tastan Bishop

Biological activity of 1,8 cineole, a major component of essential oil of Ocimum kenyense (Ayobangira) against stored product beetles, D. Obeng-Ofori, Ch Reichmuth, J. Bekele, and A. Hassanali

Biological constraints on food production and on the level and efficient use of chemical inputs., T. R. Odhiambo

Biological control for One Health, Urs Schaffner, George E. Heimpel, Nicholas J. Mills, Beatrice W. Muriithi, Matthew B. Thomas, Yubak D. GC, and Kris A.G. Wyckhuys

Biological control interventions and botanical pesticides for insect pests of crops in sub-Saharan Africa: A mapping review, Fabrizia Ratto, Toby Bruce, Gilson Chipabika, Sithembile Mwamakamba, Rachel Mkandawire, Zeyaur Khan, Angela Mkindi, Jimmy Pittchar, Frank Chidawanyika, Susannah M. Sallu, Stephen Whitfield, Kenneth Wilson, and Steven M. Sait

Biological control interventions reduce pest abundance and crop damage while maintaining natural enemies in sub-Saharan Africa: A meta-analysis, Fabrizia Ratto, Toby Bruce, Gilson Chipabika, Sithembile Mwamakamba, Rachel Mkandawire, Zeyaur Khan, Angela Mkindi, Jimmy Pittchar, Susannah M. Sallu, Stephen Whitfield, Kenneth Wilson, and Steven M. Sait

Biological control mitigates spread of vector-borne plant pathogens, Kris A.G. Wyckhuys, Yi Zou, David W. Crowder, Evie Adriani, Annabelle B. Albaytar, Marie Joy B. Beltran, Ibtissem Ben Fekih, Carolina Camargo-Gil, Filomena C. Filomena, Lizette Cicero, Yelitza C. Colmenarez, Claudia M. Cuellar-Palacios, Thomas Dubois, Sanford D. Eigenbrode, Frederic Francis, Alberto Fereres, Khalid Haddi, Fathiya M. Khamis, Cécile Le Lann, Anne Le Ralec, Lorena Lopez, Baoqian Lyu, James Montoya-Lerma, Karen Muñoz-Cardenas, Ihsan Nurkomar, Paola A. Palmeros-Suarez, Jermaine D. Perier, and Ricardo Ramírez-Romero

Biological control of cereal stem borers in Kenya: A cost benefit approach, Anderson K. Kipkoech, Fritz Schulthess, Wilson K. Yabann, Henry K. Maritim, and Dagmar Mithöfer

Biological control of the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) by Phymastichus coffea (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in Colombia, J. Jaramillo, A. E. Bustillo, E. C. Montoya, and C. Borgemeister

Biological control of the larger grain borer Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) by its predator Teretrius nigrescens (Lewis) (Coleoptera: Histeridae) in Togo and Benin, Heinrich Schneider, Christian Borgemeister, Mamoudou Sétamou, Hippolyte Affognon, Albert Bell, Matthias E. Zweigert, Hans Michael Poehling, and Fritz Schulthess

Biological control of ticks in domestic environments: Modeling the potential impact of entomopathogenic fungi on the transmission of East Coast fever in cattle, Joseph Wang ang a. Oundo, Nienke Hartemink, Mart C.M. de Jong, Constantianus J.M. Koenraadt, Shewit Kalayou, Daniel Masiga, and Quirine ten Bosch

Biological cost of tolerance to heavy metals in the mosquito Anopheles gambiae, P. O. Mireji, J. Keating, A. Hassanali, C. M. Mbogo, M. N. Muturi, J. I. Githure, and J. C. Beier

Biological impact of the exotic parasitoid, Diadegma semiclausum (Hellen), of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., in Kenya, Caleb Momanyi, Bernhard Löhr, and Linus Gitonga

Biological inoculants for sustainable intensification of agriculture in sub-saharan africa smallholder farming systems, C. Masso, R. W. Mukhongo, M. Thuita, R. Abaidoo, J. Ulzen, G. Kariuki, and M. Kalumuna

Biologically based methods for pest management in agriculture under changing climates: Challenges and future directions, Frank Chidawanyika, Pride Mudavanhu, and Casper Nyamukondiwa

Biological reinforcement learning simulation for natural enemy -host behavior: Exploring deep learning algorithms for population dynamics, Komi Mensah Agboka, Emmanuel Peter, Erion Bwambale, and Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame

Biological traits of wild-caught populations of Aedes aegypti in dengue endemic and non-endemic regions of Kenya, Caroline Wanjiku, David P. Tchouassi, Catherine L. Sole, Christian W.W. Pirk, Baldwyn Torto, and Baldwyn Torto

Biology and performance of two indigenous larval parasitoids on Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Sudan, G. E.A. Idriss, S. A. Mohamed, F. Khamis, H. Du Plessis, and S. Ekesi

Biology-Informed inverse problems for insect pests detection using pheromone sensors, Thibault Malou, Nicolas Parisey, Katarzyna Adamczyk-Chauvat, Elisabeta Vergu, Béatrice Laroche, Paul André Calatayud, Philippe Lucas, and Simon Labarthe

Biology of Diachasmimorpha Longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Reared on Third Instar Larvae of Bactrocera Dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae), Karim Nébié, Rémy Anogmain Dabiré, Alassane Koussoubé, Issaka Zida, Alizèta Sawadogo, Lucien Sawadogo, Antoine Richard Tiendrébéogo, Boureima Tassembédo, Rabiéta Semdé, Lenli Claude Otoidobiga, and Saliou Niassy

Biology of Mesoplatys ochroptera Stål (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a pest of Sesbania species, in southern central Africa, G. Sileshi, S. Sithanatham, P. L. Mafongoya, C. K.P.O. Ogol, and M. R. Rao

Biology of Stenolemus giraffa (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), a web invading, araneophagic assassin bug from Australia, F. G. Soleya, R. R. Jackson, and P. W. Taylor

Biology of Sturmiopsis parasitica (Diptera: Tachinidae) and suitability of three cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Noctuidae) for its development, P. Chinwada, W. A. Overholt, C. O. Omwega, and J. M. Mueke

Biology of the coconut bug, Pseudotheraptus Wayi, on French beans, James Peter Egonyu, Sunday Ekesi, Jacques Kabaru, and Lucy Irungu

Bionomics of Tetrastichus sesamiae [Hymenoptera: Eulophidae], a pupal endo-parasitoid of Maruca testulalis [Lepidoptera: Pyralidae], J. B. Okeyo-Owuor, G. W. Oloo, and P. O. Agwaro

Bionomics of the acarophagous ladybird beetle Stethorus tridens fed Tetranychus evansi, K. K.M. Fiaboe, M. G.C. Gondim, G. J. De Moraes, C. K.P.O. Ogol, and M. Knapp

Biopesticide based sustainable pest management for safer production of vegetable legumes and brassicas in Asia and Africa, Ramasamy Srinivasan, Subramanian Sevgan, Sunday Ekesi, and Manuele Tamò

Biopesticide Research and Product Development in Africa for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security – Experiences From the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Komivi Senyo Akutse, Sevgan Subramanian, Nguya Kalemba Maniania, Thomas Dubois, and Sunday Ekesi

Biophysical potential of crop residues for biochar carbon sequestration, and co-benefits, in Uganda, Dries Roobroeck, Rebecca Hood-Nowotny, Dianah Nakubulwa, John Baptist Tumuhairwe, Majaliwa Jackson Gilbert Mwanjalolo, Isaac Ndawula, and Bernard Vanlauwe

Bio-Prospecting for Phytochemical Repellents/Adulticides of Anopheles Gambiae, Maurice Ochilo Omolo

Bio-Prospecting for Phytochemical Repellents/Adulticides of Anopheles Gambiae, Maurice Ochilo Omolo

Biorationals and Synthetic Insecticides for Controlling Fall Armyworm and Their Influence on the Abundance and Diversity of Parasitoids, Michael Hilary Otim, Angella Lowra Ajam, Geofrey Ogwal, Stella Aropet Adumo, Dalton Kanyesigye, Saliou Niassy, Girma Hailu, Komivi Senyo Akutse, and Sevgan Subramanian

Biosorption of heavy metals using water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) solms-Laubach: adsorption properties and technological assessment, Davis Anzeze Amboga

Biosorption of heavy metals using water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) solms-Laubach: adsorption properties and technological assessment, Davis Anzeze Amboga

Biostimulant and antagonistic potential of endophytic fungi against fusarium wilt pathogen of tomato Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Marie Cecile Muhorakeye, Everlyne Samita Namikoye, Fathiya M. Khamis, Waceke Wanjohi, and Komivi S. Akutse

Biosynthesis of natural and novel C-glycosylflavones utilising recombinant Oryza sativa C-glycosyltransferase (OsCGT) and Desmodium incanum root proteins, B. Hao, J. C. Caulfield, M. L. Hamilton, J. A. Pickett, C. A.O. Midega, Z. R. Khan, J. Wang, and A. M. Hooper

Biosystematic and evolutionary statuses of two sympatric populations of Aphytis mytilaspidis [Hym.: Aphelinidae], S. Khasimuddin and P. DeBach

Biosystematics of the Cotesia flavipes complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Interspecific hybridization, sex pheromone and mating behaviour studies, Susan W. Kimani and William A. Overholt

Biosystematics of the Cotesia flavipes species complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Morphometrics of selected allopatric populations, Susan W. Kimani-Njogu, William A. Overholt, James Woolley, and Annette Walker

Biosystematics of the Psyttalia concolor species complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae): The identity of populations attacking Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in coffee in Kenya, S. W. Kimani-Njogu, M. K. Trostle, R. A. Wharton, J. B. Woolley, and A. Raspi

Biosystematic status of three allopatric populations of Aphytis maculicornis [Hym.: Aphelinidae], S. Khasimuddin and P. DeBach

Biosystematic studies of the gramineous stemborers, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) and Chilo orichalcocitiettus (Strand) (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)., Esther Ndaisi Kioko

Biotransfer of heavy metals along the soil-plant-edible insect-human food chain in Africa, Susan Mwelwa, Donald Chungu, Frank Tailoka, Dennis Beesigamukama, and Chrysantus Tanga

Bisbenzylisoquinoline and hasubanane alkaloids from Stephania abyssinica (Dillon & A. Rich) (Menispermeceae), Ruth A. Omole, Jeremiah Gathirwa, Hosea Akala, Hamisi M. Malebo, Alex K. Machocho, Ahmed Hassanali, and Isaiah O. Ndiege

Biting activity and resting behaviour of Anopheles merus Donitz (Diptera: Culicidae) on the Kenya coast, C. M. Mutero, F. W. Mosha, and R. Subra

Biting activity and resting habits of malaria vectors in baringo district, kenya, I. Aniedu

Bivalent carbamates as novel control agents of the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, James M. Mutunga, Qiao Hong Chen, Dawn M. Wong, Polo C.H. Lam, Jianyong Li, Maxim M. Totrov, Aaron D. Gross, Paul R. Carlier, and Jeffrey R. Bloomquist

Black queen cell virus detected in endemic African stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponinae), Kiatoko Nkoba, Ndung’u Nelly, Maria I. Pozo, H. M.G. Lattorff, Juliana Jaramillo, and Baerbel Hundt

Black Soldier Fly-Composted Organic Fertilizer Enhances Growth, Yield, and Nutrient Quality of Three Key Vegetable Crops in Sub-Saharan Africa, Abel O. Anyega, Nicholas K. Korir, Dennis Beesigamukama, Ghemoh J. Changeh, Kiatoko Nkoba, Sevgan Subramanian, Joop J.A. van Loon, Marcel Dicke, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Blend effects in the toxicity of the essential oil constituents of Ocimum kilimandscharicum and Ocimum kenyense (Labiateae) on two post-harvest insect pests, Jembere Bekele and Ahmed Hassanali

Blind killing of both male and female Drosophila embryos by a natural variant of the endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma poulsonii, Florent Masson, Sandra Calderon-Copete, Fanny Schüpfer, Aurélien Vigneron, Samuel Rommelaere, Mario G. Garcia-Arraez, Juan C. Paredes, and Bruno Lemaitre

Blood Feeding Pattern of Malaria Vector Reveals Malaria Transmission Dynamics in Three Islands of Lake Victoria in Kenya, Edwin Ochieng Ogola

Blood-feeding patterns of Culex quinquefasciatus and other culicines and implications for disease transmission in Mwea rice scheme, Kenya, Ephantus J. Muturi, Simon Muriu, Josephat Shililu, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Benjamin G. Jacob, Charles Mbogo, John Githure, and Robert J. Novak

Blood Meal Analysis and Arbovirus Detection in A Sylvatic Aedes Chaussieri at Oloolua Forest, Kenya, Robinson Okoth Kisero Okiro

Blood meal analysis and virus detection in blood-fed mosquitoes collected during the 2006-2007 rift valley fever outbreak in Kenya, Joel Lutomiah, David Omondi, Daniel Masiga, Collins Mutai, Paul O. Mireji, Juliette Ongus, Ken J. Linthicum, and Rosemary Sang

Blood-meal analysis for anopheline mosquitoes sampled along the Kenyan coast, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Charles M. Mbogo, Joseph G. Nzovu, John I. Githure, Guiyun Yan, and John C. Beier

Blood meal analysis of tsetse flies (Glossina pallidipes: Glossinidae) reveals higher host fidelity on wild compared with domestic hosts, Manun Channumsin, Barbara K. Mable, Marc Ciosi, Dan Masiga, Harriet Auty, C. Michael Turner, and Elizabeth Kilbride

Bloodmeal evacuation from the midgut of Glossina pallidipes in relation to tsetse foraging activity and trappabiIity, L. CHUKA MADUBUNYI

Blood-red colour as a prey choice cue for mosquito specialist predators, Lisa A. Taylor, Fiona R. Cross, and Robert R. Jackson

Blosystematics of the cotesia flavipes species complex (hymenoptera: braconidae), parasitoids of the gramineous stemborers, Susan W. Kimani-NjoGu and William A. Overholt

BMX: A tool for computing bacterial phyletic composition from orthologous maps, Benard W. Kulohoma

Body size as a proxy of probing time and visitation rates on cucumber by two African stingless bees increase fruit quality and seed quantity, Nkoba Kiatoko, Maria I. Pozo, Wendie Kasiera, Sophia K. Kariuki, Frank van Langevelde, Baerbel Hundt, and Juliana Jaramillo

Bonobos fall within the genomic variation of Chimpanzees, Anne Fischer, Kay Prüfer, Jeffrey M. Good, Michel Halbwax, Victor Wiebe, Claudine André, Rebeca Atencia, Lawrence Mugisha, Susan E. Ptak, and Svante Pääbo

Boron availability and fertilizer response of maize in soils from sub-Saharan Africa, Mirjam S. Breure, Elise Van Eynde, Samuel Njoroge, Regis Chikowo, Rob N.J. Comans, and Ellis Hoffland

Borrowing and Off-farm Employment: Conditional Strategies to Reduce Seasonal Fluctuations in Food Security A case study from India, Martha Negash

Bovine homocytotropic antibody in the sera of cattle resistant to infestation with Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, M. G. Binta, M. P. Cunningham, and F. R. Rurangirwa

Brain Cells and Chromosomes of the Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stal), R. C. Saxena and A. A. Barrion

Brazil and the development of international scientific biosafety testing guidelines for transgenic crops, Deise Maria Fontana Capalbo, Angelika Hilbeck, David Andow, Allison Snow, Bui Ba Bong, Fang Hao Wan, Eliana M.G. Fontes, Ellie Onyango Osir, Gary P. Fitt, Jill Johnston, Josephine Songa, K. L. Heong, and A. Nicholas E. Birch

Bridging the gap in agricultural innovation research: a systematic review of push–pull biocontrol technology in sub-Saharan Africa, Olufemi Samson Adesina, Stephen Whitfield, Susannah M. Sallu, Steven M. Sait, and Jimmy Pittchar

Broad diversity of simian immunodeficiency virus infecting Chlorocebus species (African green monkey) and evidence of cross-species infection in Papio anubis (olive baboon) in Kenya, Richard Nyamota, Vincent Owino, Edwin Kimathi Murungi, Jandouwe Villinger, Moses Otiende, Daniel Masiga, John Thuita, Isaac Lekolool, and Maamun Jeneby

Broad-spectrum arthropod resistance in hybrids between high-and low-acylsugar tomato lines, Wilson Roberto Maluf, Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel, Luiz Antonio Augusto Gomes, Maria das Graças Cardoso, Luciano Donizete Gonçalves, Ernani Clarete da Silva, and Markus Knapp

Brood guarding behavior and life history characteristics of Goniozus indicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a larval ectoparasitoid of lepidopteran stemborers, Keiji Takasu and William A. Overholt

Bruchid (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) ovicidal phenylbutanoid from Zingiber purpureum, K. A. Nimal, P. Bandara, Vijaya Kumar, Ramesh C. Saxena, and Puthenveetil K. Ramdas

Buakea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a new genus of African stem borers: Morphological, ecological and molecular data, P. Moyal, B. Le Rü, D. Conlong, D. Cugala, B. Defabachew, T. Matama-Kauma, B. Pallangyo, and J. Van Den Berg

Bugs with backpacks deter vision-guided predation by jumping spiders, R. R. Jackson and S. D. Pollard

Building awareness and capacity of bioinformatics and open science skills in Kenya: a sensitize, train, hack, and collaborate model, Pauline Karega, David K. Mwaura, Kennedy W. Mwangi, Margaret Wanjiku, Michael Landi, and Caleb K. Kibet

Building awareness and facilitating the use of neem as a source of natural pesticides and other useful products in sub-Saharan Africa, R. C. Saxena

Butterfly populations in two forest fragments at the Kenya coast, Lucie Rogo and Adedapo Odulaja

Cadmium tolerance pathway in Anopheles gambiae senso stricto, Martin K. Rono, Catherine N. Muturi, Richard Ochieng, Ramadhan Mwakubabanya, Francis N. Wachira, Joseph Mwangangi, Sam Kinyanjui, James Njunge, and Paul O. Mireji

Calibration of the SPEARpesticides bioindicator for cost-effective pesticide monitoring in East African streams, Akbar A. Ganatra, Faith Jebiwot Kandie, Ulrike Fillinger, Francis McOdimba, Baldwyn Torto, Werner Brack, Matthias Liess, Henner Hollert, and Jeremias M. Becker

Calyx fluid proteins of two Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) biotypes in Kenya: Implications to biological control of the stem borer Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Catherine W. Gitau, Stéphane Dupas, Adèle J. Ngi-Song, Jenard P. Mbugi, and Fritz Schulthess

Camel production in kenya and its constraints - II. Tick infestation, Rosemary Dolan, A. J. Wilson, H. J. Schwartz, R. M. Newson, and C. R. Field

Camel Streptococcus agalactiae populations are associated with specific disease complexes and acquired the tetracycline resistance gene tetM via a Tn916-like element, Anne Fischer, Anne Liljander, Heike Kaspar, Cecilia Muriuki, Hans Henrik Fuxelius, Erik Bongcam-Rudloff, Etienne P. De Villiers, Charlotte A. Huber, Joachim Frey, Claudia Daubenberger, Richard Bishop, Mario Younan, and Joerg Jores

Can biophysical parameters derived from Sentinel-2 space-borne sensor improve land cover characterisation in semi-arid regions?, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Tavengwa Chitata, Concilia Mukanga, Elvis Tawanda Mupfiga, Calisto Gwatirisa, and Timothy Dube

Can black soldier fly Desmodium intortum larvae-based diets enhance the performance of Cobb500 broiler chickens and smallholder farmers' profit in Kenya?, Mary M. Mutisya, Mawufe K. Agbodzavu, John N. Kinyuru, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Mathew Gicheha, Girma Hailu, Daisy Salifu, Zeyaur Khan, and Saliou Niassy

Can climate-driven change influence silicon assimilation by cereals and hence the distribution of lepidopteran stem borers in East Africa?, P. A. Calatayud, E. Njuguna, S. Mwalusepo, M. Gathara, G. Okuku, A. Kibe, B. Musyoka, D. Williamson, G. Ong'amo, G. Juma, T. Johansson, S. Subramanian, E. Gatebe, and B. Le Ru

Candidate chemosensory genes in the stemborer sesamia nonagrioides, Nicolas Glaser, Aurore Gallot, Fabrice Legeai, Nicolas Montagné, Erwan Poivet, Myriam Harry, Paul André Calatayud, and Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly

Can encroached rangelands enhance carbon sequestration in the African Savannah?, Nyasha B. Musekiwa, Simon T. Angombe, Jack Kambatuku, Bester Tawona Mudereri, and Tavengwa Chitata

Can fungal endophytes suppress Trialeurodes vaporariorum and the transmission of tomato infectious chlorosis and chlorosis viruses in field conditions?, Marial Makur Zechariah Paweer, Everlyne Samita Namikoye, Shem Bonuke Nchore, and Komivi Senyo Akutse

Can low release numbers lead to establishment and spread of an exotic parasitoid: The case of the diamondback moth parasitoid, Diadegma semiclausum (Hellén), in East Africa, G. Gichini, B. Löhr, A. Rossbach, B. Nyambo, and R. Gathu

Cannibalism among adult bush crickets (Ruspolia differens) when fed on different insect preys and artificial diets, F. Fombong, C. Tanga, J. Nganga, J. Kinyuru, and J. Vanden Broeck

Cannibalism and intraguild predation involved in the intra- and inter-specific interactions of the invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, and lepidopteran maize stemborers, Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame, Boaz Musyoka, Samira A. Mohammed, Amanuel Tamiru, Anani Bruce, Peter Anderson, Kristina Karlsson Green, and Paul André Calatayud

Cannibalism, Oviposition and Egg Development in the Edible Long-Horned Grasshopper, Ruspolia Differens (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) Under Laboratory Conditions, J. P. Egonyu, M. M. Miti, C. M. Tanga, A. Leonard, and S. Subramanian

Can pay-as-you-go, digitally enabled business models support sustainability transformations in developing countries? Outstanding questions and a theoretical basis for future research, David Ockwell, Joanes Atela, Kennedy Mbeva, Victoria Chengo, Rob Byrne, Rachael Durrant, Victoria Kasprowicz, and Adrian Ely

Can the combined use of the mirid predator nesidiocoris tenuis and a braconid larval endoparasitoid dolichogenidea gelechiidivoris improve the biological control of tuta absoluta?, Pascal Osa Aigbedion-Atalor, Martin P. Hill, Pascal Mahukpe Ayelo, Shepard Ndlela, Myron P. Zalucki, and Samira A. Mohamed

Can the shape of the wing help in the identification of African stingless bee species? (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini): Wing geometric morphometrics: a tool for african stingless bee taxonomy, Nelly Ndungu, Nicolas J. Vereecken, Maxence Gerard, Sophia Kariuki, Lape Kati Kati, Annie Youbissi, Sabine Nassong, Baerbel Hundt, Juliana Jaramillo, and Kiatoko Nkoba

Can toxicants used against cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis be compatible with an encyrtid parasitoid Aenasius bambawalei under laboratory conditions?, Hayat Badshah, Farman Ullah, Paul Andre Calatayud, Hidayat Ullah, and Bashir Ahmad

Capabilities of multispectral thermal data for identification of Anopheles gambiae mosquito larval habitats in African urban environments, Benjamin G. Jacob, James L. Regens, Charles M. Mbogo, Andrew K. Githeko, Christopher M. Swalm, John I. Githure, and John C. Beier

Carry-over niches for lepidopteran maize stemborers and associated parasitoids during non-cropping season, Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame, François Rebaudo, Boaz Musyoka, Julius Obonyo, Duna Madu Mailafiya, Bruno Pierre Le Ru, Dora Chao Kilalo, Gerald Juma, and Paul André Calatayud

Case studies from the experience of early career researchers in East Africa in building community engagement in research, Joel L. Bargul, Denna M. Mkwashapi, Imelda Namagembe, Immaculate Nakityo, Annettee Nakimuli, Josaphat Byamugisha, Daniel Semakula, Janet Seeley, and Nelson K. Sewankambo

Cashew volatiles mediate short-range location responses in pseudotheraptus wayi (Heteroptera: Coreidae), James Peter Egonyu, Sunday Ekesi, Jacques Kabaru, Lucy Irungu, and Baldwyn Torto

Cassava farming practices and their agricultural and environmental impacts: A systematic map protocol, Gorm E. Shackelford, Neal R. Haddaway, Hope O. Usieta, Pieter Pypers, Silviu O. Petrovan, and William J. Sutherland

Cassava-maize intercropping systems in southern Nigeria: Radiation use efficiency, soil moisture dynamics, and yields of component crops, Charles Chigemezu Nwokoro, Christine Kreye, Magdalena Necpalova, Olojede Adeyemi, Matti Barthel, Pieter Pypers, Stefan Hauser, and Johan Six

Cassava yield gap—A model-based assessment in Nigeria, Amit Kumar Srivastava, Frank Ewert, Akinola Shola Akinwumiju, Wenzhi Zeng, Andrej Ceglar, Kodjovi Senam Ezui, Adedeji Adelodun, Abass Adebayo, Jumoke Sobamowo, Manmeet Singh, Jaber Rahimi, and Thomas Gaiser

Caterpillar-induced plant volatiles attract conspecific and heterospecific adults for oviposition within a community of lepidopteran stemborers on maize plant, Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame, Eric Siaw Ntiri, Peter Ahuya, Baldwyn Torto, Bruno Pierre Le Ru, Dora Chao Kilalo, Gerald Juma, and Paul André Calatayud

Cattle and Amblyomma variegatum odors used in host habitat and host finding by the tick parasitoid, Ixodiphagus hookeri, Fanuel A. Demas, Ahmed Hassanali, Esther N. Mwangi, Edna C. Kunjeku, and Audrey R. Mabveni

Cellular and Molecular Targets of Waterbuck Repellent Blend Odors in Antennae of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead, 1910, Souleymane Diallo, Mohd Shahbaaz, Baldwyn Torto, Alan Christoffels, Daniel Masiga, and Merid N. Getahun

Cellulase of fungus-growing termites: A new hypothesis on its origin, N. Abo-Khatwa

Cereal stemborer distribution and abundance, and introduction and establishment of cotes/a flavipes cameron (hymenoptera: braconidae) in mozambique, D. Cugala and C. O. Omwega

Cereal stemborer species complex and establishment of cotesia flavipes cameron in eastern uganda, T. Matama-Kauma, S. Kyamanywa, J. A. Ocwang, C. O. Omwega, and H. R. Willson

Cereal yield losses caused by lepidopterous stemborers at different nitrogen fertilizer rates in Ethiopia, M. Wale, F. Schulthess, E. W. Kairu, and C. O. Omwega

Certain Factors Influencing the Acoustic Communication in the Sexual Behaviour of the Leafhopper Amrasca devastans (Distant) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), Harish Kumar and K. N. Saxena

Challenges and lessons from a vector control campaign targeting Glossina palpalis palpalis in an isolated protected forest area in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, O. Chitambo, S. Haukeland, K. K.M. Fiaboe, and F. M.W. Grundler

Challenges and lessons from a vector control campaign targeting Glossina palpalis palpalis in an isolated protected forest area in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, Yao Jean Rodrigue Konan, Bi Tra Dieudonné Ta, Djakaridja Berté, Bamoro Coulibaly, Kinifo Donatien Coulibaly, Nick Steven Egnankon, Foungniguée Diarrassouba, Kouassi Albert Djabo, Stéphanie Watier-Grillot, Jean Paul Demoncheaux, Koffi Alain De Marie Kouadio, Louis N’Dri, Philippe Solano, Sophie Ravel, Guy Pacôme Adingra, Antoine Barreaux, Adeline Ségard, Dramane Kaba, Vincent Jamonneau, Thierry De Meeûs, and Vincent Djohan

Challenges to the implementation of malaria policies in Malawi, Chikondi A. Mwendera, Christiaan De Jager, Herbert Longwe, Save Kumwenda, Charles Hongoro, Kamija Phiri, and Clifford M. Mutero

Change in levels of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP during pregnancy and larval development of the tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans, D. L. Denlinger, A. L. Gnagey, S. J. Rockey, M. F.B. Chaudhury, and R. H. Fertel

Changes in chemical and microbiological quality of semi-processed black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larval meal during storage, E. Kamau, C. Mutungi, J. Kinyuru, S. Imathiu, S. Ekesi, S. Ekesi, D. Nakimbugwe, and K. K.M. Fiaboe

Changes in temperature, not photoperiod, control the pattern of adult eclosion in the tsetse, Glossina morsitans, JAN ŽĎÁREK and DAVID L. DENLINGER

Changes in the distribution of lepidopteran maize stemborers in kenya from the 1950s to 1990s, Zhou Guofa, William A. Overholt, and Moses B. Mochiah

Changes in The Feeding Rate and Receptor Sensitivity over the Last Instar of the African Armyworm, Spodoptera Exempta, J. V. CLARK

Changes over twelve years in populations of Glossina pallidipes and Glossina longipennis (diptera: Glossinidae) subject to varying trapping pressure at Nguruman, south-west Kenya, R. Brightwell, R. D. Dransfield, P. Stevenson, and B. Williams

Changing oviposition preferences of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, suggest a strong species predisposition for gregarization, M. O. Bashir, A. Hassanali, M. M. Rai, and R. K. Saini

Changing the policy for intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine during pregnancy in Malawi, Chikondi A. Mwendera, Christiaan De Jager, Herbert Longwe, Kamija Phiri, Charles Hongoro, and Clifford M. Mutero

Characterisation of ‘giant’ cysts of the potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, present in potato fields in Kenya, James A. Price, Kelsey Hunt, Newton Nyagah, Calvince Orage, Onesmus Mwaura, Solveig Haukeland, Danny Coyne, and John T. Jones

Characterisation of Leishmania isolates from Laikipia District, Kenya, N. N. Massamba, M. J. Mutinga, and C. C. Kamau

Characteristics of a termite fungus comb studied by chemical and spectroscopic methods, M. A. Arshad, M. Schnitzer, and C. Preston

Characteristics of erythroid colonies formed by bovine marrow progenitor cells in methyl cellulose cultures, G. P. Kaaya, N. Jamal, M. G. Maxie, and H. A. Messner

Characteristics of soils in selected maize growing sites along altitudinal gradients in East African highlands, Elijah Njuguna, Mary Gathara, Stanley Nadir, Sizah Mwalusepo, David Williamson, Pierre Etienne Mathé, Jackson Kimani, Tobias Landmann, Gerald Juma, George Ong'amo, Erastus Gatebe, Bruno Le Ru, and Paul andré Calatayud

Characterization and evaluation of repellent effect of essential oil of mangifera indica L. from Kenya, O. J. Alwala, W. Wanzala, R. A. Inyambukho, E. M. Osundwa, and I. O. Ndiege

Characterization and risk assessment of the invasive papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus, in Kenya under changing climate, Helen Msigo Heya, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, Gladys Kemunto Onyambu, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Emily Kajuju Kimathi, Fidelis Levi Odhiambo Ombura, Sunday Ekesi, Thomas Dubois, Sevgan Subramanian, and Chrysantus Mbi Tanga

Characterization of amblyomma variegatum tick saliva and salivary gland antigens inducing anti-tick immunity in boran cattle, S. C. Dossa, S. Essuman, and G. P. Kaaya

Characterization of a Novel Orbivirus from Cattle Reveals Active Circulation of a Previously Unknown and Pathogenic Orbivirus in Ruminants in Kenya, Dorcus C.A. Omoga, David P. Tchouassi, Marietjie Venter, Edwin O. Ogola, Solomon Langat, Caroline Getugi, Georg Eibner, Anne Kopp, Inga Slothouwer, Baldwyn Torto, Sandra Junglen, and Rosemary Sang

Characterization of aspartic proteinases from the gut of the tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus neuman, Waha R.M. Vundla, Michel Brossard, David J. Pearson, and Victor L. Labongo

Characterization of a unique human single-chain antibody isolated by phage-display selection on membrane-bound mosquito midgut antigens, Brian D. Foy, Gerry F. Killeen, Ross H. Frohn, Daniel Impoinvil, Andrew Williams, and John C. Beier

Characterization of dark and pale forms of frankliniella schultzei (trybom) - an ecological, biological, morphological and molecular approach, Matilda Wangeci Gikonyo

Characterization of Erythrocyte Receptor Polymorphisms in a Malaria Endemic Population in Kilifi, Kenya, Irene Akinyi Omedo

Characterization of Flavonoids from Candidate Striga Weed Controlling Food Legumes; Cicer arietinum L. and Vigna radiata L., Anna Akumu Anyango

Characterization of honeys produced by sympatric species of Afrotropical stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponini), Hosea O. Mokaya, Kiatoko Nkoba, Robert M. Ndunda, and Nicolas J. Vereecken

Characterization of humic acids from termite mounds and surrounding soils, Kenya, M. A. Arshad, M. Schnitzer, and C. M. Preston

Characterization of Maize chlorotic mottle virus and Sugarcane mosaic virus causing maize lethal necrosis disease and spatial distribution of their alternative hosts in Kenya, Elizabeth Siago Kusia

Characterization of Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromone of the Bean Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Saliou Niassy, Amanuel Tamiru, James G.C. Hamilton, William D.J. Kirk, Roland Mumm, Cassie Sims, Willem Jan de Kogel, Sunday Ekesi, Nguya K. Maniania, Krishnakumari Bandi, Fraser Mitchell, and Sevgan Subramanian

Characterization of Microhabitats of Arboviral Mosquito Vector Larvae on Three Islands of Lake Victoria, Kenya, Thomas Ogao Onchuru

Characterization of mycotoxins from entomopathogenic fungi (Cordyceps fumosorosea) and their toxic effects to the development of asian citrus psyllid reared on healthy and diseased citrus plants, Muhammad Qasim, Saif Ul Islam, Waqar Islam, Ali Noman, Khalid Ali Khan, Muhammad Hafeez, Dilbar Hussain, Chandra Kanta Dash, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Shahid Nisar, Saad Jan, and Liande Wang

Characterization of potential ethylene-producing rhizosphere bacteria of Striga-infested maize and sorghum, Olubukola O. Babalola, Elie O. Osir, and Abiodun I. Sanni

Characterization of potential larval habitats for Anopheles mosquitoes in relation to urban land-use in Melindi, Kenya, Joseph Keating, Kate Macintyre, Charles M. Mbogo, John I. Githure, and John C. Beier

Characterization of potentially human-infective Trypanosoma brucei from an endemic area of sleeping sickness in Kenya, L. H. Otieno and N. Darji

Characterization of protective antigens from the midgut of Amblyomma variegatum ticks, J. K. Kinyua, E. O. Osir, D. O. Ogoyi, and E. K. Nguu

Characterization of soil bacteria capable of degrading selected organic pesticides applied in horticultural farms in Kenya, Philip Mwenda Miriti

Characterization of the in vitro core surface proteome of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides, the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, Ivanka Krasteva, Anne Liljander, Anne Fischer, David G.E. Smith, Neil F. Inglis, Massimo Scacchia, Attilio Pini, Joerg Jores, and Flavio Sacchini

Characterization of the kenyan honey bee (Apis mellifera) gut microbiota: A first look at tropical and sub-saharan african bee associated microbiomes, Yosef Hamba Tola, Jacqueline Wahura Waweru, Gregory D.D. Hurst, Bernard Slippers, and Juan C. Paredes

Characterization of the δ-endotoxin of a Bacillus thuringiensis isolate active against tsetse, Glossina morsitans, and a stem borer, Chilo partellus, E. O. Osir and W. R.M. Vundla

Characterization of tungiasis infection and morbidity using thermography in Kenya revealed higher disease burden during COVID-19 school closures, Lynne Elson, Abneel K. Matharu, Naomi Riithi, Paul Ouma, Francis Mutebi, Hermann Feldmeier, Jürgen Krücken, and Ulrike Fillinger

Characterization of Xenorhabdus Spp. Xptb1 and Xptc1 Toxin Genes and Effect of the Bacteria on Chilo Partellus and Busseola Fusca., Lorine N. Nyongesa

Characterizing Movement Patterns of Nomadic Pastoralists and their Exposure to Rift Valley Fever in Kenya, G. Mosomtai, J. L. Kasiiti, R. M. Murithi, P. Sandström, T. Landmann, O. W. Lwande, O. A. Hassan, C. Ahlm, R. Sang, M. Evander, Z. Szantoi, and G. Ottavianelli

Chemical additives enhance the activity of a Bt-based biopesticide targeting the beet webworm larvae, Selpha Opisa, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Hannalene du Plessis, Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe, and Sunday Ekesi

Chemical Communication in the Honey Bee Scarab Pest Oplostomus haroldi: Role of (Z)-9-Pentacosene, Ayuka T. Fombong, Peter E.A. Teal, Richard T. Arbogast, Paul N. Ndegwa, Lucy W. Irungu, and Baldwyn Torto

Chemical Composition and Mosquito Repellency of Essential Oil of Tagetes minuta from the Southern Slopes of Mount Elgon in Western Kenya, W. Wanzala and S. B. Ogoma

Chemical composition of Cupressus lusitanica and Eucalyptus saligna leaf essential oils and bioactivity against major insect pests of stored food grains, Philip K. Bett, Arop L. Deng, Joshua O. Ogendo, Samuel T. Kariuki, Maud Kamatenesi-Mugisha, Joel M. Mihale, and Baldwyn Torto

Chemical Composition of Ocimum Kilimandscharicum and Ocimum Americanum and their Bioactivities against Sitophilus Zeamais, Davis R. Mathu

Chemical composition of the soldier secretions of the termite- Trinervitermes gratiosus, Glenn D. Prestwich

Chemical constituent, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of crude extract and oil fraction of L. Abyssinica, Siméon Pierre Chegaing Fodouop, Donatien Gatsing, Gerald Ngo Teke, Xavier Cheseto, Benjamin Talom Tangue, Jules Roger Kuiate, and Baldwin Torto

Chemical Cues From Honeydew and Cuticular Extracts of Trialeurodes Vaporariorum Serve as Kairomones for The Parasitoid Encarsia Formosa, Pascal Mahukpe Ayelo, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Anaïs Chailleux, Samira A. Mohamed, Christian W.W. Pirk, and Emilie Deletre

Chemical cues modulating electrophysiological and behavioural responses in the parasitic wasp cotesia sesamiae, A. Tamiru, T. Bruce, C. M. Woodcock, M. A. Birkett, C. Midega, J. A. Pickett, and Z. R. Khan

Chemical ecology and conservation biological control, Zeyaur R. Khan, David G. James, Charles A.O. Midega, and John A. Pickett

Chemical Ecology and Management of Dengue Vectors, Baldwyn Torto and David P. Tchouassi

Chemical Ecology and Management of the Small Hive Beetle, Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), Bridget Bobadoye, Beatrice T. Nganso, Charles Stuhl, Baldwyn Torto, and Ayuka T. Fombong

Chemical ecology of African tephritid fruit flies, Ayuka T. Fombong, Donald L. Kachigamba, and Baldwyn Torto

Chemical Ecology of Animal and Human Pathogen Vectors in a Changing Global Climate, John A. Pickett, Michael A. Birkett, Sarah Y. Dewhirst, James G. Logan, Maurice O. Omolo, Baldwyn Torto, Julien Pelletier, Zainulabeuddin Syed, and Walter S. Leal

Chemical ecology of locusts and related acridids, Ahmed Hassanali, Peter G.N. Njagi, and Magzoub Omer Bashir

Chemical Ecology of the Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus Hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Scolytidae): The Role of Two Spiroacetals in the Insect-Host Communication System, Teresiah Nyambura Njihia

Chemical information from electron-energy-loss near-edge structure. Core hole effects in the beryllium and boron K-edges in rhodizite, R. Brydson, D. D. Vvedensky, W. Engel, H. Sauer, B. G. Williams, E. Zeitler, and J. M. Thomas

Chemical parameters and bacterial communities associated with larval habitats of Anopheles, Culex and Aedes mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in western Kenya, Thomas Ogao Onchuru, Yvonne Ukamaka Ajamma, Marion Burugu, Martin Kaltenpoth, Daniel Masiga, and Jandouwe Villinger

Chemicals involved in post-germination inhibition of Striga by Desmodium: Opportunities for utilizing the associated allelopathic traits, John A. Pickett, Zeyaur R. Khan, Ahmed Hassanali, and Antony M. Hooper

Chemistry and sensory characterization of a bakery product prepared with oils from African edible insects, Xavier Cheseto, Steve B.S. Baleba, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Segenet Kelemu, and Baldwyn Torto

Chemo-Ecological Insights into the Use of the Non-Host Plant Vegetable Black-Jack to Protect Two Susceptible Solanaceous Crops from Root-Knot Nematode Parasitism, Ruth Kihika-Opanda, David P. Tchouassi, Margaret M. Ng'Ang'A, John J. Beck, and Baldwyn Torto

Chemoecological role of mammalian urine in host location by tsetse, Glossina spp. (diptera: glossinidae), L. Chuka Madubunyi, A. Hassanali, W. Ouma, D. Nyarango, and J. Kabii

Chemosensory function of Varroa gnathosoma: transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, Beatrice T. Nganso, Nurit Eliash, Kannan Mani, Noa Sela, Alejandro Villar-Briones, Angelina Fathia Osabutey, Ada Rafaeli, Alexander S. Mikheyev, and Victoria Soroker

Chemosensory receptors in tsetse flies provide link between chemical and behavioural ecology, Daniel Masiga, George Obiero, Rosaline Macharia, Paul Mireji, and Alan Christoffels

Chemosystematic studies in the saxifragaceae sensu lato. 8. The flavonoids of elmera racemosa (Watson) Rydberg, Bruce A. Bohm and Cornelius K. Wilkins

Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepid., Pyralidae) larval movement and growth on maize plants in relation to plant age and resistance or susceptibility, J. K.O. Ampofo and E. L. Kidiavai

Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lep., Pyralidae) oviposition on non-hosts: A mechanism for reduced pest incidence in intercropping, K. Ampong-Nyarko, K. V. Seshu Reddy, and K. N. Saxena

Chitin-enriched insect frass fertilizer as a biorational alternative for root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) management, James Kisaakye, Dennis Beesigamukama, Solveig Haukeland, Sevgan Subramanian, Paul K. Thiongo, Segenet Kelemu, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Circulation of Ngari Virus in Livestock, Kenya, Dorcus C.A. Omoga, David P. Tchouassi, Marietjie Venter, Edwin O. Ogola, Georg Joachim Eibner, Anne Kopp, Inga Slothouwer, Baldwyn Torto, Sandra Junglen, and Rosemary Sanga

Citronellal perception and transmission by Anopheles gambiae s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae) females, Weijian Wu, Shanshan Li, Min Yang, Yongwen Lin, Kaibin Zheng, and Komivi Senyo Akutse

Clarifying the source of Conicofrontia sesamoides Hampson (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) population in South African sugarcane using morphological identification and mitochondrial DNA analysis, Y. Assefa, M. Goftishu, C. Capdevielle-Dulac, and B. Le Ru

Classical biological of key horticultural pests in Africa: successes, challenges, and opportunities, Samira A. Mohamed, Thomas Dubois, Abdelmutalab GA Azrag, Shepard Ndlela, and Peter Neuenschwander

Cleome hirta essential oil as livestock tick (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus) and maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) repellent, M. W. Ndungu, S. C. Chhabra, and W. Lwande

Cleome monophylla essential oil and its constituents as tick (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus) and maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) repellents, Mary Ndungu, Wilber Lwande, Ahmed Hassanali, Lambert Moreka, and Sumesh Chander Chhabra

Climate-adapted companion cropping increases agricultural productivity in East Africa, Charles A.O. Midega, Toby J.A. Bruce, John A. Pickett, Jimmy O. Pittchar, Alice Murage, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Climate change and maize productivity in Uganda: Simulating the impacts and alleviation with climate smart agriculture practices, Alex Zizinga, Jackson Gilbert Majaliwa Mwanjalolo, Britta Tietjen, Bobe Bedadi, Himanshu Pathak, Geofrey Gabiri, and Dennis Beesigamukama

Climate change and plant health: impact, implications and the role of research for mitigation and adaptation, Thomas Dubois, Buyung A.R. Hadi, Sonja Vermeulen, Peter Ballantyne, Achim Dobermann, Shenggen Fan, Karen A. Garrett, Xenina Ibabao, Abdelbagi Ismail, Juliana Jaramillo, Ana Maria Loboguerrero, Steven McCutcheon, Jemimah Njuki, Tilak Raj Sharma, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Valerien Pede

Climate change and specialty coffee potential in Ethiopia, Abel Chemura, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Amsalu Woldie Yalew, and Christoph Gornott

Climate change impacts and adaptation strategies for crops in West Africa: A systematic review, Tony W. Carr, Siyabusa Mkuhlani, Alcade C. Segnon, Zakari Ali, Robert Zougmoré, Alan D. Dangour, Rosemary Green, and Pauline Scheelbeek

Climate change, mobility and violent conflict: a typology of interlinked pathways, Adam Savelli, Frans Schapendonk, Tanaya Dutta Gupta, Grazia Pacillo, and Peter Läderach

Climate Change or Urbanization? Impacts on a Traditional Coffee Production System in East Africa over the Last 80 Years, Juliana Jaramillo, Mamoudou Setamou, Eric Muchugu, Adenirin Chabi-Olaye, Alvaro Jaramillo, Joseph Mukabana, Johnson Maina, Simon Gathara, and Christian Borgemeister

Climate effects on honey bees can be mitigated by beekeeping management in Kenya, Malena Sibaja Leyton, H. Michael G. Lattorff, Nkoba Kiatoko, and Fabrice Requier

Climate finance readiness: A review of institutional frameworks and policies in Kenya, Mercy Kiremu, Frank Scrimgeour, James Mutegi, and Richard Mumo

Climate-induced range shifts of invasive species (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama), Owusu Fordjour Aidoo, Philipe Guilherme Corcino Souza, Ricardo Siqueira da Silva, Paulo Antonio Santana, Marcelo Coutinho Picanço, Rosina Kyerematen, Mamoudou Sètamou, Sunday Ekesi, and Christian Borgemeister

Climate, soil and land-use based land suitability evaluation for oil palm production in Ghana, Tiemen Rhebergen, Thomas Fairhurst, Shamie Zingore, Myles Fisher, Thomas Oberthür, and Anthony Whitbread

Climate variability and change affect crops yield under rainfed conditions: A case study in gedaref state, sudan, Maysoon A.A. Osman, Joshua Orungo Onono, Lydia A. Olaka, Muna M. Elhag, and Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman

Climatic gradients along the windward slopes of Mount Kenya and their implication for crop risks. Part 2: Crop sensitivity, Nathalie Philippon, Christian Baron, Joseph Boyard-Micheau, Antoine Adde, Christian Leclerc, Caroline Mwongera, and Pierre Camberlin

Clinical determinants of early parasitological response to ACTs in African patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria: A literature review and meta-analysis of individual patient data, Salim Abdulla, Ishag Adam, George O. Adjei, Martin A. Adjuik, Bereket Alemayehu, Richard Allan, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Mamadou S. Ba, Hubert Barennes, Karen I. Barnes, Quique Bassat, Elisabeth Baudin, Nicole Berens-Riha, Anders Björkman, François Bompart, Maryline Bonnet, Steffen Borrmann, Teun Bousema, Philippe Brasseur, Hasifa Bukirwa, Francesco Checchi, Prabin Dahal, Umberto D'Alessandro, Meghna Desai, Alassane Dicko, Abdoulaye A. Djimdé, and Grant Dorsey

Cloning and expression of a Bacillus thuringiensis (L1-2) gene encoding a crystal protein active against Glossina morsitans morsitans and Chilo partellus, Edward O. Omolo, M. Diane James, Ellie O. Osir, and Jennifer A. Thomson

Cloning and Functional Analysis of Trans-Splicing Factors in Trypanosoma brucei, Owino V. A. Wairimu

Close-range host searching behavior of the stemborer parasitoids Cotesia sesamiae and Dentichasmias busseolae: Influence of a non-host plant Melinis minutiflora, Linnet S. Gohole, William A. Overholt, Zeyaur R. Khan, and Louise E.M. Vet

Closing the crop yield gap between organic and conventional farming systems in Kenya: Long-term trial research indicates agronomic viability, David Bautze, Edward Karanja, Martha Musyoka, Johanna Rüegg, Eva Goldmann, Milka Kiboi, Ivonne Kampermann, Marc Cotter, Amritbir Riar, Felix Matheri, Edwin Mwangi, Monicah Mucheru-Muna, Hottensiah Wambui, John J. Anyango, Samuel Ndung'u, Chrysantus Tanga, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Jesca Mbaka, Anne Muriuki, David Kamau, and Noah Adamtey

Closing the yield gap of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) in Southern Africa: a case of Malawi, Zambia, and Mozambique, John Okoth Omondi, Siyabusa Mkuhlani, Jane Mugo, Amaral Machaculeha Chibeba, Mazvita Sheila Chiduwa, Godfree Chigeza, Stephen Kyei-Boahen, Patricia Masikati, and Isaiah Nyagumbo

Closing yield gaps in oil palm production systems in Ghana through Best Management Practices, Tiemen Rhebergen, Shamie Zingore, Ken E. Giller, Charles Adu Frimpong, Kwame Acheampong, Francis Tetteh Ohipeni, Edward Kofi Panyin, Victor Zutah, and Thomas Fairhurst

C-methylated and C-prenylated isoflavonoids from root extract of Desmodium uncinatum, Salome M. Guchu, Abiy Yenesew, Muniru K. Tsanuo, Nicholas K. Gikonyo, John A. Pickett, Antony M. Hooper, and Ahmed Hassanali

Coexistence of honeybees with distinct mitochondrial haplotypes and hybridised nuclear genomes on the Comoros Islands, Louis Allan Okwaro, Elliud Muli, Steven Maina Runo, and H. Michael G. Lattorff

Coffea arabica variety KP423 may be resistant to the cerambycid coffee stemborer monochamus leuconotus, but common stem treatments seem ineffective against the pest, J. P. Egonyu, P. Kucel, G. Kagezi, J. Kovach, I. Rwomushana, M. Erbaugh, R. Wekono, D. Salifu, and S. Kyamanywa

Coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): Searching for sustainable control strategies, J. Jaramillo, C. Borgemeister, and P. Baker

Coffee Berry Borer Joins Bark Beetles in Coffee Klatch, Juliana Jaramillo, Baldwyn Torto, Dickson Mwenda, Armin Troeger, Christian Borgemeister, Hans Michael Poehling, and Wittko Francke

Cold susceptibility and disinfestation of bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) in oranges, T. G. Grout, J. H. Daneel, S. A. Mohamed, S. Ekesi, P. W. Nderitu, P. R. Stephen, and V. Hattingh

Cold susceptibility and disinfestation of bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) in oranges, Jonasz Lyko and Mutuku J. Mutinga

Cold tolerance and disinfestation of bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) in 'Hass' avocado, A. R. Ware, C. L.N. Du Toit, S. A. Mohamed, P. W. Nderitu, and S. Ekasi

Cold tolerance and disinfestation of bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) in 'Hass' avocado, J. B. Kaddu and R. M. Musyoki

Collective Batesian mimicry of ant groups by aggregating spiders, Ximena J. Nelson and Robert R. Jackson

Colonization of Fopius ceratitivorus, a newly discovered African egg-pupal parasitoid (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), Miguel Lopez, John Sivinski, Pedro Rendon, Tim Holler, Ken Bloem, Robert Copeland, Marcia Trostle, and Martin Aluja

Colonization of onions by endophytic fungi and their impacts on the biology of thrips tabaci, Alexander M. Muvea, Rainer Meyhöfer, Sevgan Subramanian, Hans Michael Poehling, Sunday Ekesi, and Nguya K. Maniania

Colonization of the Mediterranean basin by the vector biting midge species Culicoides imicola: An old story, S. Jacquet, C. Garros, E. Lombaert, C. Walton, J. Restrepo, X. Allene, T. Baldet, C. Cetre-Sossah, A. Chaskopoulou, J. C. Delecolle, A. Desvars, M. Djerbal, M. Fall, L. Gardes, M. De Garine-Wichatitsky, M. Goffredo, Y. Gottlieb, A. Gueye Fall, M. Kasina, K. Labuschagne, Y. Lhor, J. Lucientes, T. Martin, B. Mathieu, M. Miranda, N. Pages, I. Pereira Da Fonseca, and D. W. Ramilo

Colonization patterns of the invasive Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolius, in Florida, D. A. Williams, E. Muchugu, W. A. Overholt, and J. P. Cuda

Color calibration of proximal sensing RGB images of oilseed rape canopy via deep learning combined with k-means algorithm, Alwaseela Abdalla, Haiyan Cen, Elfatih Abdel-Rahman, Liang Wan, and Yong He

Combined control of Striga hermonthica and stemborers by maize-Desmodium spp. intercrops, Zeyaur R. Khan, John A. Pickett, Lester J. Wadhams, Ahmed Hassanali, and Charles A.O. Midega

Combining ability for resistance to fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in tropical maize inbred lines, Ovide Nuambote-Yobila, Anani Y. Bruce, Dan Makumbi, Gerphas O. Ogola, Charles Marangu, Yoseph Beyene, Nzola Meso Mahungu, Boddupalli M. Prasanna, Frédéric Marion-Poll, and Paul André Calatayud

Combining ability of resistance to the sorghum shootfly, atherigona soccata and stemborer chilo partellus in grain sorghum, sorghum bicolor, A. A. Elbadawi, A. M. Nour, and R. S. Pathak

Combining insect pathogenic fungi and a pheromone trap for sustainable management of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Komivi S. Akutse, Fathiya M. Khamis, Felicitas C. Ambele, Jane W. Kimemia, Sunday Ekesi, and Sevgan Subramanian

Combining malaria control with house electrification: Adherence to recommended behaviours for proper deployment of solar-powered mosquito trapping systems, Rusinga Island, western Kenya, Prisca A. Oria, Jane Alaii, Margaret Ayugi, Willem Takken, and Cees Leeuwis

Combining Morphological and Molecular Tools Can Enhance Tick Species Identification for Improved Tick-Borne Disease Surveillance Among Pastoral Communities in Kenya, Hellen Koka, Solomon Langat, Francis Mulwa, James Mutisya, Samuel Owaka, Millicent Sifuna, Juliette R. Ongus, Joel Lutomiah, and Rosemary Sang

Combining temperature-dependent life table data into Insect Life Cycle Model to forecast fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) distribution in maize agro-ecological zones in Africa, Marian Adan, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Cojdo E.F. Kassa, Klaus Greve, Christian Borgemeister, and Georg Goergen

Commitment to metamorphosis in tsetse (Glossina morsitans centralis): Temporal, nutritional and hormonal aspects of the decision, David L. Denlinger and Jan Žďárek

Common Host-Derived Chemicals Increase Catches of Disease-Transmitting Mosquitoes and Can Improve Early Warning Systems for Rift Valley Fever Virus, David P. Tchouassi, Rosemary Sang, Catherine L. Sole, Armanda D.S. Bastos, Peter E.A. Teal, Christian Borgemeister, and Baldwyn Torto

Community-Based Climate Change Adaptation Action Plans to Support Climate-Resilient Development in the Eastern African Highlands, Tino Johansson, Emmah Owidi, Sarah Ndonye, Sarah Achola, Weyessa Garedew, and Claudia Capitani

Community based integrated vector management for malaria control: Lessons from three years' experience (2016-2018) in Botor-Tolay district, southwestern Ethiopia, Abebe Asale, Dereje Kussa, Melaku Girma, Charles Mbogo, and Clifford Maina Mutero

Community based vector control in Malindi, Kenya, Lydiah W. Kibe, Charles M. Mbogo, Joseph Keating, Sassy Molyneux, John I. Githure, and John C. Beier

Community dynamics and diversity of ground dwelling arthropods assemblages in a maize based agroforestry system in Mtwapa, coastal Kenya, Esther Kamunya

Community forestry frameworks in sub-Saharan Africa and the impact on sustainable development, Lalisa A. Duguma, Joanes Atela, Alemayehu N. Ayana, Dieudonne Alemagi, Mathew Mpanda, Moses Nyago, Peter A. Minang, Judith M. Nzyoka, Divine Foundjem-Tita, and Cécile Ngo Ntamag-Ndjebet

Community knowledge and perceptions on malaria prevention and house screening in Nyabondo, Western Kenya, Peter Njoroge Nganga, James Mutunga, George Oliech, and Clifford Maina Mutero

Community knowledge, perceptions, and practices regarding malaria and its control in Jabi Tehnan district, Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia, Abebe Asale, Zewdu Abro, Bayu Enchalew, Alayu Teshager, Aklilu Belay, Menale Kassie, and Clifford Maina Mutero

Community-led data collection using Open Data Kit for surveillance of animal African trypanosomiasis in Shimba hills, Kenya, Sarah A.O. Wamwenje, Ibrahim I. Wangwe, Nicodemus Masila, Caroline K. Mirieri, Lillian Wambua, and Benard W. Kulohoma

Community participation in decision Making in mosquito control in Malindi district, kenya, Lydiah Kibe Wanjiku

Community perceptions, acceptability, and the durability of house screening interventions against exposure to malaria vectors in Nyimba district, Zambia, Kochelani Saili, Christiaan de Jager, Freddie Masaninga, Brian Chisanga, Andy Sinyolo, Japhet Chiwaula, Jacob Chirwa, Busiku Hamainza, Emmanuel Chanda, Nathan N. Bakyaita, and Clifford Maina Mutero

Companion cropping to manage parasitic plants, John A. Pickett, Mary L. Hamilton, Antony M. Hooper, Zeyaur R. Khan, and Charles A.O. Midega

Companion crops alter olfactory responses of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and its larval endoparasitoid (Cotesia icipe), Emmanuel Peter, Amanuel Tamiru, Subramanian Sevgan, Thomas Dubois, Segenet Kelemu, Kerstin Kruger, Baldwyn Torto, and Abdullahi Yusuf

Comparative analysis of development and survival of two Natal fruit fly Ceratitis rosa Karsch (Diptera, tephritidae) populations from Kenya and South Africa, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Aruna Manrakhan, John Henry Daneel, Samira A. Mohamed, Khamis Fathiya, and Sunday Ekesi

Comparative analysis of microsatellite loci in four fruit fly species of the genus Ceratitis (Diptera: Tephritidae), F. N. Baliraine, M. Bonizzoni, E. O. Osir, S. A. Lux, F. J. Mulaa, L. Zheng, L. M. Gomulski, G. Gasperi, and A. R. Malacrida

Comparative and Functional Analysis of Tsetse Fly Aquaporins, Erick Onyango Aroko

Comparative biological efficacy of Hirsutella thompsonii and Neoseiulus teke for cassava mite (Mononychellus tanajoa) suppression, B. Odongo, M. O. Odindo, M. Brownbridge, and R. Kumar

Comparative biology of Cotesia chilonis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on selected African gramineous stemborers, S. H.O. Okech and W. A. Overholt

Comparative development and population growth of an exotic stemborer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), and an ecologically similar congener, C. orichalcociliellus (Strand) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Jacob C. Mbapila, William A. Overholt, and Hosea Y. Kayumbo

Comparative development, longevity and population growth of exotic and native parasitoids of lepidopteran cereal stemborers in Kenya, J. C. Mbapila and W. A. Overholt

Comparative diagnostic and analytical performance of PCR and LAMP-based trypanosome detection methods estimated using pooled whole tsetse flies and midguts, Imna I. Malele, Johnson O. Ouma, John C.K. Enyaru, Enock Matovu, Vincent Alibu, Joanna E. Auma, Samuel G. Onyoyo, Rosemary Bateta, Robert E. Changasi, Phoebe W. Mukiria, Kariuki Ndung'u, Purity K. Gitonga, Lilian M. Mwaniki, Hamisi S. Nyingilili, Eugene A. Lyaruu, Lupakisyo A. Kapange, Peter Kuria Kamau, and Daniel K. Masiga

Comparative efficacy of Neem(Azadirachta indica) and Amitraz (Mitac) against the two spotted spider mites (Tetranychus Urticae), on Tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum), Sophia Shaban Kashenge

Comparative efficiency of two methods used for sampling antestiopsis species (hemiptera: pentatomidae) in Arabica coffee in Uganda, E. B. Karamura

Comparative evaluation of Cotesia flavipes and C. sesamiae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for the management of Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Kenya, M. N. Sallam, W. A. Overholt, and E. Kairu

Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of aqueous neem extract and Dipel 2x on diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella Linn., on cabbage in Kenya, S. Okoth, C. K.P. Ogol, M. Basimike, and M. Varela

Comparative field evaluation of the Mbita trap, the Centers for Disease Control light trap, and the human landing catch for sampling of malaria vectors in western Kenya, Evan M. Mathenge, George O. Omweri, Lucy W. Irungu, Paul N. Ndegwa, Elizabeth Walczak, Tom A. Smith, Gerry F. Killeen, and Bart G.J. Knols

Comparative genomic analysis of meningitis- and bacteremia- causing pneumococci identifies a common core genome, Benard W. Kulohoma, Jennifer E. Cornick, Chrispin Chaguza, Feyruz Yalcin, Simon R. Harris, Katherine J. Gray, Anmol M. Kiran, Elizabeth Molyneux, Neil French, Julian Parkhill, Brian E. Faragher, Dean B. Everett, Stephen D. Bentley, and Robert S. Heydermana

Comparative genomic analysis of six Glossina genomes, vectors of African trypanosomes, Geoffrey M. Attardo, Adly M.M. Abd-Alla, Alvaro Acosta-Serrano, James E. Allen, Rosemary Bateta, Joshua B. Benoit, Kostas Bourtzis, Jelle Caers, Guy Caljon, Mikkel B. Christensen, David W. Farrow, Markus Friedrich, Aurélie Hua-Van, Emily C. Jennings, Denis M. Larkin, Daniel Lawson, Michael J. Lehane, Vasileios P. Lenis, Ernesto Lowy-Gallego, Rosaline W. Macharia, Anna R. Malacrida, Heather G. Marco, Daniel Masiga, Gareth L. Maslen, Irina Matetovici, Richard P. Meisel, Irene Meki, and Veronika Michalkova

Comparative genomics identifies male accessory gland proteins in five Glossina species, Muna F. Abry, Kelvin M. Kimenyi, Daniel K. Masiga, and Benard W. Kulohoma

Comparative genomics identifies male accessory gland proteins in five Glossina species [version 2; referees: 2 approved], Muna F. Abry, Kelvin M. Kimenyi, Daniel Masiga, and Benard W. Kulohoma

Comparative importance of infection routes for banana Xanthomonas wilt and implications on disease epidemiology and management, Gloria V. Nakato, W. Ocimati, G. Blomme, K. K.M. Fiaboe, and F. Beed

Comparative life table analysis of Trichogramma bournieri Pintureau and Babault and Trichogramma sp. nr. mwanzai Schulten and Feijen (Hym., Trichogrammatidae) from Kenya, A. T. Haile, S. A. Hassan, S. Sithanantham, C. K.P.O. Ogol, and J. Baumgärtner

Comparative life table statistics of Exochomus flaviventris reared on the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti, fed on four host plants, B. P. Le Rü and A. Mitsipa

Comparative microbiome analysis of Diaphorina citri and its associated parasitoids Tamarixia radiata and Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis reveals Wolbachia as a dominant endosymbiont, Hafiza Javaria Ashraf, Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Muhammad Ilyas, Asim Abbasi, Xiaofang Li, and Liande Wang

Comparative microbiome diversity in root-nodules of three Desmodium species used in push-pull cropping system, Isack H. Adan, George Ochieng Asudi, Saliou Niassy, Abdul A. Jalloh, Johnstone Mutiso Mutua, Frank Chidawanyika, Fathiya Khamis, Zeyaur Khan, Sevgan Subramanian, Thomas Dubois, and Daniel Munyao Mutyambai

Comparative performance of the Mbita trap, CDC light trap and the human landing catch in the sampling of Anopheles arabiensis, An. funestus and culicine species in a rice irrigation in western Kenya, Evan M. Mathenge, Gedion O. Misiani, David O. Oulo, Lucy W. Irungu, Paul N. Ndegwa, Tom A. Smith, Gerry F. Killeen, and Bart G.J. Knols

Comparative responses of ovipositing Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus females to the presence of Culex egg rafts and larvae, S. W. Wachira, M. Ndung'u, P. G.N. Njagi, and A. Hassanali

Comparative studies on fat reserves, feeding and metabolic strategies of flies from two allopatric populations of Glossina pallidipes Austen in Kenya, J. Van Etten

Comparative Studies on the Diurnal Activity Pattern in Two Field and Laboratory Populations of Glossina Pallidipes, JAAP VAN ETTEN

Comparative studies on the diurnal activity pattern in two field and laboratory populations of Glossina pallidipes, Jaap Van Etten

Comparative studies on the fecundity, egg survival, larval feeding, and development of Chilo partellus and Chilo orichalcociliellus (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on five grasses, V. C. Ofomata, W. A. Overholt, S. A. Lux, A. Van Huis, and R. I. Egwuatu

Comparative studies on the infectivity of Theileria parva in ticks fed in vitro and those fed on cattle, Joseph M. Musyoki, Ellie O. Osir, Henry K. Kiara, and Elizabeth D. Kokwaro

Comparative Studies on the Relative Efficiency of Two Trap Types for Two Allopatric Populations of Glossina Pallidipes in Kenya, JAAP VAN ETTEN

Comparative study of hemocytes and associated cells of some medically important dipterans, Godwin P. Kaaya and Norman A. Ratcliffe

Comparative transcriptome analysis of false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta in response to high and low-temperature treatments, Nelson L. Mwando, Fathiya M. Khamis, Shepard Ndlela, Rainer Meyhöfer, Fidelis L.O. Ombura, Mark Wamalwa, Sevgan Subramanian, and Samira A. Mohamed

Comparative trypanotolerance of the Small East African breed of goats from different localities to Trypanosoma congolense infection, B. M. Mutayoba, S. Gombe, E. N. Waindi, and G. P. Kaaya

Comparing Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Aedes Aegypti in East Africa to the Global Anthropophilic Strain, Brian Bwanya Edward

Comparing the van Oosterhout and Chybicki-Burczyk methods of estimating null allele frequencies for inbred populations, P. Campagne, P. E. Smouse, G. Varouchas, J. F. Silvain, and B. Leru

Comparison of biological methods to control Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on kalanchoe crops in East Africa, Thibault Nordey, Simon Boniface Boni, Mawufe Komi Agbodzavu, Robert Mwashimaha, Nickson Mlowe, Srinivasan Ramasamy, and Emilie Deletre

Comparison of carbon dioxide-baited trapping systems for sampling outdoor mosquito populations in Tanzania, L. E.G. Mboera, B. G.J. Knols, M. A.H. Braks, and W. Takken

Comparison of five allopatric fruit fly parasitoid populations (Psyttalia species) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from coffee fields using morphometric and molecular methods, M. K. Billah, S. W. Kimani-Njogu, R. A. Wharton, J. B. Woolley, and D. Masiga

Comparison of food-based attractants for Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) and evaluation of Mazoferm - Spinosad bait spray for field suppression in mango, Sunday Ekesi, Samira Mohamed, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Comparison of food-based attractants for Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) and evaluation of Mazoferm - Spinosad bait spray for field suppression in mango, F. W. Mosha and Petrarca

Comparison of home fortification with two iron formulations among Kenyan children: Rationale and design of a placebo-controlled non-inferiority trial, Emily M. Teshome, Walter Otieno, Sofie R. Terwel, Victor Osoti, Ayşe Y. Demir, Pauline E.A. Andango, Andrew M. Prentice, and Hans Verhoef

Comparison of midgut trypsin/lectin activities and trypanosome infection rates in three Glossina species, J. A. Kongoro, E. O. Osir, M. O. Imbuga, and N. O. Oguge

Comparison of mosquito control programs in seven urban sites in Africa, the Middle East, and the Americas, Daniel E. Impoinvil, Sajjad Ahmad, Adriana Troyo, Joseph Keating, Andrew K. Githeko, Charles M. Mbogo, Lydiah Kibe, John I. Githure, Adel M. Gad, Ali N. Hassan, Laor Orshan, Alon Warburg, Olger Calderón-Arguedas, Victoria M. Sánchez-Loría, Rosanna Velit-Suarez, Dave D. Chadee, Robert J. Novak, and John C. Beier

Comparison of nest structure and caste parameters of sympatric species of Odontotermes (Termitidae, Macrotermitinae) in Kenya, J. P.E.C. Darlington

Comparison of Phenacoccus solenopsis specimens from different regions of Pakistan using COI molecular barcoding (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Hayat Badshah, Farman Ullah, Hayat Zada, Qamar Zeb, Ruidar A. Shah, Paul André Calatayud, and Neil Crickmore

Comparison of resistance in three breeds of cattle against African ixodid ticks, G. Solomon and G. P. Kaaya

Comparison of test performance of a conventional PCR and two field-friendly tests to detect Coxiella burnetii DNA in ticks using Bayesian latent class analysis, Maureen W. Kamau, Carmel Witte, Wynand Goosen, Mathew Mutinda, Jandouwe Villinger, Dennis Getange, Rua Khogali, Michael E. von Fricken, Eric Maurice Fèvre, Dawn Zimmerman, Yvonne Marie Linton, and Michele Miller

Comparison of the effects of extracts from three Vitex plant species on Anopheles gambiae s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae, Mokua G. Nyamoita, Innocent Ester, Mbwambo H. Zakaria, Lwande Wilber, Ochola J. Bwire, and Hassanali Ahmed

Comparison of the Patterns of Spread of Human Metapneumovirus (hmpv) and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (rsv) in Africa using virus sequence data, John W. Oketch

Comparison of volatile blends and gene sequences of two isolates of metarhizium anisopliae of different virulence and repellency toward the termite macrotermes michaelseni, David M. Mburu, Mary W. Ndung'u, Nguya K. Maniania, and Ahmed Hassanali

Comparison of Volatile Blends and Nucleotide Sequences of Two Beauveria Bassiana Isolates of Different Virulence and Repellency Towards the Termite Macrotermes Michealseni, D. M. Mburu, N. K. Maniania, and A. Hassanali

Compatibility and efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae and sex pheromone for controlling Thaumatotibia leucotreta, Abdullah Mohamed Mkiga, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Hannalene du Plessis, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Peterson Wachira Nderitu, Saliou Niassy, Beatrice Wambui Muriithi, and Sunday Ekesi

Compatibility between Calpurnia aurea leaf extract, attraction aggregation, and attachment pheromone and entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae on viability, growth, and virulence of the pathogen, Paulin Nana, Nguya K. Maniania, Rosebella O. Maranga, Hamadi I. Boga, Helen L. Kutima, and Jacobus N. Eloff

Compatibility of metarhizium anisopliae isolate ICIPE 69 with agrochemicals used in french bean production, S. Niassy, N. K. Maniania, S. Subramanian, M. L. Gitonga, R. Maranga, A. B. Obonyo, and S. Ekesi

Compatibility of Metarhizium anisopliae with Calpurnia aurea leaf extracts and virulence against Rhipicephalus pulchellus, P. Nana, S. Ekesi, F. Nchu, and N. K. Maniania

Competence of Macrotermes michaelseni (Isoptera: Macrotermitinae) larvae to differentiate into soldiers under the influence of juvenile hormone analogue (ZR-515, methoprene), B. M. Okot-Kotber

Competitive Plant-Mediated and Intraguild Predation Interactions of the Invasive Spodoptera frugiperda and Resident Stemborers Busseola fusca and Chilo partellus in Maize Cropping Systems in Kenya, Johnstone Mutiso Mutua, Daniel Munyao Mutyambai, George Ochieng’ Asudi, Fathiya Khamis, Saliou Niassy, Abdul A. Jalloh, Daisy Salifu, Henlay J.O. Magara, Paul André Calatayud, and Sevgan Subramanian

Complete genome sequence of Staphylococcus aureus, strain ILRI_Eymole1/1, isolated from a Kenyan dromedary camel, Saima Zubair, Anne Fischer, Anne Liljander, Jochen Meens, Jan Hegerman, Hadrien Gourlé, Richard P. Bishop, Ina Roebbelen, Mario Younan, Mudassir Imran Mustafa, Mamoona Mushtaq, Erik Bongcam-Rudloff, and Joerg Jores

Complete reference genome assembly for commensalibacter sp. Strain amu001, an acetic acid bacterium isolated from the gut of honey bees, Stefanos Siozios, Josephine Moran, Mary Chege, Gregory D.D. Hurst, and Juan C. Paredes

Complex display behaviour of Evarcha culicivora, an East African mosquito‐eating jumping spider, Fiona R. Cross, Robert R. Jackson, and Simon D. Pollard

Components of resistance to Aphis craccivora in some cowpea cultivars, S. Firempong

Compositional Profile of Honeys from Stingless Bees and Honeybee Honey from a West African Country Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy, Issaka Wendpanga Kanazoe, Pierre Noiset, Issa Nombré, Madeleine Héger, Chloé Salmon, Kiatoko Nkoba, and Nicolas J. Vereecken

Composition and genetic diversity of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) on Islands and mainland shores of Kenya's lakes Victoria and baringo, Yvonne Ukamaka Ajamma, Jandouwe Villinger, David Omondi, Daisy Salifu, Thomas Ogao Onchuru, Laban Njoroge, Anne W.T. Muigai, and Daniel K. Masiga

Composition and repellency of essential oils of tagetes minuta from different zones in Kenya against brown ear tick (rhipicephalus appendlculatusi, Benard Omache Makang' a

Composition, Host Range and Host Suitability of Vegetable-Infesting Tephritids on Cucurbits Cultivated in Kenya, C. Kambura, C. M. Tanga, D. Kilalo, J. Muthomi, D. Salifu, I. Rwomushana, S. A. Mohamed, and S. Ekesi

Composition of Anopheles mosquitoes, their blood-meal hosts, and Plasmodium falciparum infection rates in three islands with disparate bed net coverage in Lake Victoria, Kenya, Edwin Ogola, Jandouwe Villinger, Danspaid Mabuka, David Omondi, Benedict Orindi, James Mutunga, Vincent Owino, and Daniel K. Masiga

Composition of essential oil of Plectranthus tenuiflorus (Vatke) Agnew, J. W. Mwangl, W. Lwande, and A. Hassanali

Composition of stem borer communities in selected vegetation mosaics in Kenya, G. O. Ong'amo, B. P. Le Ru, P. A. Calatayud, and J. F. Silvain

Composition of the leaf essential oil of ocimum keniense ayobangira, J. W. Mwangi, W. Lwande, and A. Hassanali

Composition of volatiles from fermenting pollen dough and attractiveness to the small hive beetle Aethina tumida, a parasite of the honeybee Apis mellifera, Baldwyn Torto, Richard T. Arbogast, Hans Alborn, Alonso Suazo, Dennis Van Engelsdorp, Drion Boucias, James H. Tumlinson, and Peter E.A. Teal

Composition, structure, and functional shifts of prokaryotic communities in response to co-composting of various nitrogenous green feedstocks, Felix Matheri, Anne Kelly Kambura, Maina Mwangi, Nehemiah Ongeso, Edward Karanja, Noah Adamtey, Elias Kihara Mwangi, Edwin Mwangi, Chrysantus Tanga, Martha Wangu Musyoka, and Steven Runo

Compounds Associated with Infection by the Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, Influence the Ability of Infective Juveniles to Recognize Host Plants, Ruth Kihika, David P. Tchouassi, Margaret M. Ng'Ang'A, David R. Hall, John J. Beck, and Baldwyn Torto

Compounds extracted from heads of African stingless bees (Hypotrigona species) as a prospective taxonomic tool, N. N. Ndungu, N. Kiatoko, D. K. Masiga, S. K. Raina, C. W.W. Pirk, and A. A. Yusuf

Comprehensive Ecological and Geographic Characterization of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Microbiomes in African Anopheles, Eugeni Belda Cuesta, Boubacar Coulibaly, Tullu Bukhari, Karin Eiglmeier, Raymond Kone, Mamadou B. Coulibaly, Soumanaba Zongo, Mamadou Barry, Awa Gneme, Wamdaogo M. Guelbeogo, Abdoul H. Beavogui, Sekou F. Traore, N’Fale Sagnon, Kenneth D. Vernick, and Michelle M. Riehle

Comprehensive genome-wide identification and expression profiling of ADF gene family in Citrus sinensis, induced by endophytic colonization of Beauveria bassiana, Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila, Jessica Paola Sánchez Moreano, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Juxiu Liu, Fasih Ullah Haider, Hafiza Javaira Ashraf, and Liande Wang

Computational biogeographic distribution of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) moth in eastern Africa, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Emily Kimathi, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Raphael Mongare, Saliou Niassy, and Sevgan Subramanian

Concentration-dependent parsimonious releaser roles of gregarious male pheromone of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, Edwin Rono, Peter G.N. Njagi, Magzoub O. Bashir, and Ahmed Hassanali

Consequences of fire and grazing to conservation of arthropod functional diversity in a protected Afrotropical savanna, Ludzula Mukwevho, Tatenda Dalu, Mduduzi Ndlovu, and Frank Chidawanyika

Consequences of shade management on the taxonomic patterns and functional diversity of termites (Blattodea: Termitidae) in cocoa agroforestry systems, Ambele C. Felicitas, Bisseleua D.B. Hervé, Sunday Ekesi, Komivi S. Akutse, Christian T.C.L. Djuideu, Marie J. Meupia, and Olubukola O. Babalola

Conservation agriculture enhances soil fauna richness and abundance in low input systems: Examples from Kenya, Fredrick Ouma Ayuke, Job Kihara, George Ayaga, and Alfred N. Micheni

“Conservation Agriculture, " Possible Climate Change Adaptation Option in Taita Hills, Kenya, Lilian Motaroki, Gilbert Ouma, and Dorcas Kalele

Conservation biological control with the fungal pathogen Pandora neoaphidis: Implications of aphid species, host plant and predator foraging, S. Ekesi, P. A. Shah, S. J. Clark, and J. K. Pell

Consistency in courtship pattern among populations of medfly (Diptera: Tephritidae): Comparisons among wild strains and strains mass reared for sit operations, S. A. Lux, F. N. Munyiri, J. C. Vilardi, P. Liedo, A. Economopoulos, O. Hasson, S. Quilici, K. Gaggl, J. P. Cayol, and P. Rendon

Constant temperature and time period effects on Anopheles gambiae egg hatching, Daniel E. Impoinvil, Gabriel A. Cardenas, John I. Gihture, Charles M. Mbogo, and John C. Beier

Constituents of the essential oil of blumea brevipes (oliv. & hiern) willd, J. W. Mwangi, K. J. Achola, W. Lwande, A. Hassanali, and R. Laurent

Constituents of the Essential Oil of Helichrysum odoratissimum (L.) Less, Wilber Lwande, Ahmed Hassanali, Onesmus B. Wanyama, Sarah Ngola, and Julius W. Mwangi

Constituents of the essential oil of Suregada zanzibariensis leaves are repellent to the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae s.s., Ester Innocent, Cosam C. Joseph, Nicholas K. Gikonyo, Mayunga H.H. Nkunya, and Ahmed Hassanali

Constituents of the essential oils from wild and cultivated Lippia adoensis Hochst. ex Walp., Berhanu Abegaz, Nigist Asfaw, and Wilber Lwande

Construction of a SSR-based genetic map and identification of QTL for domestication traits using recombinant inbred lines from a cross between wild and cultivated cowpea (V. unguiculata (L.) Walp.), Mebeaselassie Andargie, Remy S. Pasquet, Bhavani S. Gowda, Geoffrey M. Muluvi, and Michael P. Timko

Consumers’ perception towards eggs from laying hens fed commercial black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal-based feeds, Colleta Nabwile Khaemba, Michael Mukembo Kidoido, George Owuor, and Chrysantus Mbi Tanga

Consumers’ willingness to pay for cabbage with minimized pesticide residues in Southern Benin, Faustin Vidogbéna, Anselme Adégbidi, Rigobert Tossou, Françoise Assogba-Komlan, Thibaut Martin, Mathieu Ngouajio, Serge Simon, Laurent Parrot, and Kerstin K. Zander

Consumer Willingness to Pay for Chicken Meat Derived from Chicken Fed on Insect-based feed in Kenya, Harriet Mawia Joel

Contact toxicity of the mycotoxin destruxin E to Empoasca vitis (Göthe) (Hom., Cicadellidae), T. J. Poprawski

Containment Studies of Transgenic Mosquitoes in Disease Endemic Countries: The Broad Concept of Facilities Readiness, M. Megan Quinlan, Josephine Birungi, Mamadou B. Coulibaly, Abdoulaye Diabaté, Luca Facchinelli, Wolfgang Richard Mukabana, James Mutuku Mutunga, Tony Nolan, Peter Raymond, and Sékou F. Traoré

Contemporary exploitation of natural products for arthropod-borne pathogen transmission-blocking interventions, Jackson M. Muema, Joel L. Bargul, Meshack A. Obonyo, Sospeter N. Njeru, Damaris Matoke-Muhia, and James M. Mutunga

Continuous rearing of the maize stem borer Busseola fusca on an artificial diet, F. O. Onyango and J. P.R. Ochieng‘‐Odero

Contrasting effects of acute heat shock on physiological and ecological performance of the fall armyworm, Abongile Mbande, Reyard Mutamiswa, Casper Nyamukondiwa, and Frank Chidawanyika

Contribution of different aquatic habitats to adult Anopheles arabiensis and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) production in a rice agroecosystem in Mwea, Kenya, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Ephantus J. Muturi, Josephat Shililu, Simon M. Muriu, Benjamin Jacob, Ephantus W. Kabiru, Charles M. Mbogo, John Githure, and Robert Novak

Contribution of different constituents to the toxicity of the essential oil constituents of Vernonia amygdalina (Compositae) and Xylopia aetiopica (Annonaceae) on maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), E. F. Asawalam, S. O. Emosairue, and A. Hassanali

Contribution of natural food sources to reproductive behaviour, fecundity and longevity of Ceratitis cosyra, C. fasciventris and C. capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), A. Manrakhan and S. A. Lux

Contribution of non-timber forest products to national employment following weather shocks: evidence from 24 countries, Kelvin Mulungu

Contributions of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) to livelihoods of peri-urban dwellers in the Free State Province of South Africa, Gerald Chikowore, Frank Chidawanyika, and Grant D. Martin

Contributions of integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) to various sustainable intensification impact domains in Tanzania, Job Kihara, Julius Manda, Anthony Kimaro, Elirehema Swai, Christopher Mutungi, Michael Kinyua, Patrick Okori, Gundula Fischer, Fred Kizito, and Mateete Bekunda

Control of cuticle sclerotization in two species of tsetse fly larvae (Diptera: Glossinidae), David L. Whitehead

Control of invasive Liriomyza leafminer species and compliance with food safety standards by small scale snow pea farmers in Kenya, Zachary Maina Gitonga, Adenirin Chabi-Olaye, Dagmar Mithöfer, Julius Juma Okello, and Cecilia Nyawira Ritho

Control of lepidopteran stemborers in maize by indigenous parasitoids in semi-arid areas of eastern Kenya, J. M. Songa, W. A. Overholt, R. O. Okello, and J. M. Mueke

Control of melon fly, dacus cucurbitae (Diptera: Trypetidae) on melon in Pakistan, L. Khan, C. Inayatullah, and Manzoor Ul Haq

Control of tick (Acari: Ixodidae) infestation by application of ear tags impregnated with acaricides to cattle in Africa, A. S. Young, J. J. de Castro, and P. P. Kiza-Auru

Control of tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidae) populations using traps at Nguruman, south-west Kenya, R. D. Dransfield, R. Brightwell, C. Kyorku, and B. Williams

Control of vegetable pests in Benin - Farmers' preferences for eco-friendly nets as an alternative to insecticides, Faustin Vidogbéna, Anselme Adégbidi, Rigobert Tossou, Françoise Assogba-Komlan, Mathieu Ngouajio, Thibaut Martin, Serge Simon, Laurent Parrot, and Kerstin K. Zander

Control of witchweed Striga hermonthica by intercropping with Desmodium spp., and the mechanism defined as allelopathic, Zeyaur R. Khan, Ahmed Hassanali, William Overholt, Tsanuo M. Khamis, Antony M. Hooper, John A. Pickett, Lester J. Wadhams, and Christine M. Woodcock

Convergence between a mosquito-eating predator’s natural diet and its prey-choice behaviour, Robert R. Jackson, Chan Deng, and Fiona R. Cross

Convergent evolution of eye ultrastructure and divergent evolution of vision-mediated predatory behaviour in jumping spiders, K. F. Su, R. Meier, R. R. Jackson, D. P. Harland, and D. Li

Conversion of yield data from experimental plot to hectrage units, A. Odulaja and S. Nokoe

Co-occurrence and abundance of pollinators and pests in horticultural systems in Africa using an integrated Earth observation-based approach, Grace Rebecca Aduvukha, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Arthur W. Sichangi, Godfrey Ouma Makokha, H. Michael G. Lattorff, Samira A. Mohamed, Tobias Landmann, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Thomas Dubois

Correction: Research strategies to catalyze agroecological transitions in low- and middle-income countries (Sustainability Science, (2022), 17, 6, (2557-2577), 10.1007/s11625-022-01163-6), Sarah K. Jones, Nadia Bergamini, Francesca Beggi, Didier Lesueur, Barbara Vinceti, Arwen Bailey, Fabrice A. DeClerck, Natalia Estrada-Carmona, Carlo Fadda, Etienne M. Hainzelin, Danny Hunter, Chris Kettle, Job Kihara, Abdel Kader Naino Jika, Mirjam Pulleman, Roseline Remans, Celine Termote, Tobias Fremout, Evert Thomas, Louis Verchot, and Marcela Quintero

Correction to: 2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales (Archives of Virology, (2021), 166, 12, (3513-3566), 10.1007/s00705-021-05143-6), Jens H. Kuhn, Scott Adkins, Bernard R. Agwanda, Rim Al Kubrusli, Sergey V. Alkhovsky, Gaya K. Amarasinghe, Tatjana Avšič-Županc, María A. Ayllón, Justin Bahl, Anne Balkema-Buschmann, Matthew J. Ballinger, Christopher F. Basler, Sina Bavari, Martin Beer, Nicolas Bejerman, Andrew J. Bennett, Dennis A. Bente, Éric Bergeron, Brian H. Bird, Carol D. Blair, Kim R. Blasdell, Dag Ragnar Blystad, Jamie Bojko, Wayne B. Borth, Steven Bradfute, Rachel Breyta, Thomas Briese, and Paul A. Brown

Correction to: Effect of use of tsetse repellant collar technology on the farm performance and household welfare of small‑scale livestock farmers in Kenya (Food Security, (2023), 15, 3, (751-770), 10.1007/s12571-022-01342-4), Beatrice W. Muriithi, Kassie Menale, Gracious M. Diiro, Michael N. Okal, and Daniel K. Masiga

Correction to: Impact of the exotic fall armyworm on larval parasitoids associated with the lepidopteran maize stemborers in Kenya (BioControl, (2021), 66, 2, (193-204), 10.1007/s10526-020-10059-2), Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame, Julius Obonyo, Enock Mwangangi Sammy, Samira A. Mohamed, Sevgan Subramanian, Dora Chao Kilalo, Gerald Juma, and Paul André Calatayud

Correction to: The Dynamics and Role of Gender in High-Value Avocado Farming in Kenya (The European Journal of Development Research, (2022), 34, 5, (2272-2304), 10.1057/s41287-021-00484-z), Beatrice Muriithi and Jane Kabubo-Mariara

Correlation between larval weights, endocrine gland activities and competence period during differentiation of workers and soldiers in Macrotermes michaelseni (Isoptera:Termitidae), B. M. Okot-Kotber

Cost benefit analysis of a netting technology package in real farming conditions among smallholder farmers in Kenya, E. Mujuka, L. Parrot, W. Baird, E. Delettre, J. Simon, J. Mburu, and T. Martin

Cost–benefit analysis of improved light trap for harvesting the edible grasshopper, Ruspolia differens (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae): Evidence from Uganda, Francis Sengendo, Sevgan Subramanian, Michael Kidoido, Moses Chemurot, Chrysantus Tanga, and James Peter Egonyu

Cost: Benefit analysis of insect net use in cabbage in real farming conditions among smallholder farmers in Benin, Faustin Vidogbéna, Anselme Adégbidi, Françoise Assogba-Komlan, Thibaud Martin, Mathieu Ngouajio, Serge Simon, Rigobert Tossou, and Laurent Parrot

Cost-effectiveness of black soldier fly larvae meal as substitute of fishmeal in diets for layer chicks and growers, Esther Khayanga Sumbule, Mary Kivali Ambula, Isaac Maina Osuga, Janice Ghemoh Changeh, David Miano Mwangi, Sevgan Subramanian, Daisy Salifu, Peter A.O. Alaru, Macdonald Githinji, Joop J.A. Van Loon, Marcel Dicke, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Cost-Effective PCR-Based Identification of Tunga penetrans (Siphonaptera) Larvae Extracted from Soil Samples Containing PCR Inhibitor-Rich Material, Billy L. Amugune, Abneel K. Matharu, Paul Ouma, Francis Mutebi, Lynne Elson, Ulrike Fillinger, and Jürgen Krücken

Cost of tsetse trapping using the NG2G trap: A case study in Kenya, George Tombe Lako

Cotesia ICIPE Sp. N., a new Microgastrinae wasp (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) of importance in the biological control of Lepidopteran pests in Africa, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Jose Fernández-Triana, Faith W. Nyamu, and Komi M. Agbodzavu

Cotton production areas are at high risk of invasion by Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) (Cicadellidae: Hemiptera): potential distribution under climate change, Abdelmutalab A.G. Azrag, Saliou Niassy, Adin Y. Bloukounon-Goubalan, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Samira A. Mohamed

Could fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) invasion in Africa contribute to the displacement of cereal stemborers in maize and sorghum cropping systems, Girma Hailu, Saliou Niassy, Timon Bässler, Nathan Ochatum, Christoph Studer, Daisy Salifu, Mawufe K. Agbodzavu, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles Midega, and Sevgan Subramanian

Courtship and mating behaviour of the African armyworm, Spodoptera exempta (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Syed Khasimuddin

Courtship behaviour of the African Maize Stem Borer: Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions, Brigitte Frérot, Anne Emmanuelle Félix, Ene Sarapuu, Paul André Calatayud, Bruno LeRü, and Hervé Guenego

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) hosts several widespread bradyrhizobial root nodule symbionts across contrasting agro-ecological production areas in Kenya, Samuel Mathu Ndungu, Monika M. Messmer, Dominik Ziegler, Hannes A. Gamper, Éva Mészáros, Moses Thuita, Bernard Vanlauwe, Emmanuel Frossard, and Cécile Thonar

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) plant architecture and resistance to the legume pod borer, Maruca testulalis Geyer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), S. Oghiakhe

Coxiella burnetii Detected in Tick Samples from Pastoral Communities in Kenya, Hellen Koka, Rosemary Sang, Helen Lydia Kutima, and Lillian Musila

Coxiella burnetii serostatus in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) is associated with the presence of C. burnetii DNA in attached ticks in Laikipia County, Kenya, Tess Rooney, Eric M. Fèvre, Jandouwe Villinger, Maris Brenn-White, Charles O. Cummings, Daniel Chai, Joseph Kamau, Alice Kiyong'a, Dennis Getange, Dickens O. Ochieng, Velma Kivali, Dawn Zimmerman, Marieke Rosenbaum, Felicia B. Nutter, and Sharon L. Deem

Crop damage by granivorous birds despite protection efforts by human bird scarers in a sorghum field in western Kenya, Matthew Hiron, Diana Rubene, Collins K. Mweresa, Yvonne U.O. Ajamma, Eunice A. Owino, and Matthew Low

Crop damage by nematodes in improved-fallow fields in western Kenya, Serigne T. Kandji, Callistus K.P.O. Ogol, and Alain Albrecht

Crop diversification using improved sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] varieties as an adaptation strategy to climate varibility by subsistence farmers in Taita Hills, Kenya, Brenda M. Onyancha

Crop Mixtures Influence Fall Armyworm Infestation and Natural Enemy Abundance in Maize-based Intercropping Systems, Emmanuel Peter, Abdullahi Yusuf, Sevgan Subramanian, Kerstin Krüger, Kristina Karlsson Green, Peter Anderson, Baldwyn Torto, and Amanuel Tamiru

Cropping pattern mapping in an agro-natural heterogeneous landscape using sentinel-2 and sentinel-1 satellite datasets, Grace Rebecca Aduvukha, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Arthur W. Sichangi, Godfrey Ouma Makokha, Tobias Landmann, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Thomas Dubois

Crop residue disappearance and macrofauna activity in sub-humid western Kenya, J. Kihara, C. Martius, and A. Bationo

Cross-breeding studies on the cassava green spider mite Mononychellus sp. (Acari: Tetranychidae) in East Africa, Thomas N. Murega

Cross-correlation analysis of invasive mango mealybug and its associated natural enemies in relation to meteorological factors: implications for biological control, Chrysantus Mbi Tanga, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Govender Prem, Daisy Salifu, and Sunday Ekesi

Cross-mating and oviposition behaviour between strains of cotesia sesamiae. Cameron (hymenoptera: braconidae) from kitale, Mombasa and Mount Kenya., Jane Mugambi Ndegi

Cross mating studies among five fruit fly parasitoid populations: Potential biological control implications for tephritid pests, Maxwell K. Billah, Susan W. Kimani-Njogu, Robert A. Wharton, William A. Overholt, David D. Wilson, and Millicent A. Cobblah

Cross-modality effects during male-male interactions of jumping spiders, Fiona R. Cross, Robert R. Jackson, Simon D. Pollard, and Mark W. Walker

Cross-Modality Effects of Prey Odour During the Intraspecific Interactions of a Mosquito-Specialist Predator, Fiona R. Cross and Robert R. Jackson

Cross-modality priming of visual and olfactory selective attention by a spider that feeds indirectly on vertebrate blood, Fiona R. Cross and Robert R. Jackson

Cucumber and Tomato Volatiles: Influence on Attraction in the Melon Fly Zeugodacus cucurbitate (Diptera: Tephritidae), Peter K. Njuguna, Lucy K. Murungi, Ayuka Fombong, Peter E.A. Teal, John J. Beck, and Baldwyn Torto

Cultural and botanical methods for the management of thrips on french beans Phaseolus Vulgaris, Aduda Safan Siguna

Cultural and botanical methods for the management of thrips on french beans Phaseolus Vulgaris, Aduda Safan Siguna

Cultural and botanical methods for the management of thrips on french beans Phaseolus Vulgaris, Aduda Safan Siguna

Cumulative effects and economic benefits of intercropping maize with food legumes on Striga hermonthica infestation, Charles A.O. Midega, Daisy Salifu, Toby J. Bruce, Jimmy Pittchar, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Cumulative effects of host resistance on Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neumann (Acarina: Ixodidae) in the laboratory, J. W. Chiera, R. M. Newson, and M. P. Cunningham

Current approaches in chemical ecology using regionally adapted sustainable methods, Eva Winter

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kenya: Sergentomyia garnhami (Diptera Psychodidae), a possible vector of Leishmania major in Kitui District: a new focus of the disease., M. J. Mutinga, N. N. Massamba, M. Basimike, C. C. Kamau, F. A. Amimo, A. E. Onyido, D. M. Omogo, F. M. Kyai, and D. W. Wachira

Cutaneous responses of cattle to extracts from Rhipicephalus appendiculatus larvae, M. G. Binta and M. P. Cunningham

Cuticular Hydrocarbon Composition Analysis for Taxonomic Differentiation of Phlebotomine Sandfly Species (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Kenya, Hassane Mahamat and Ahmed Hassanali

Cuticular hydrocarbons corroborate the distinction between lowland and highland Natal fruit fly (Tephritidae, Ceratitis rosa) populations, Lucie Vaníčková, Radka Břízová, Antonio Pompeiano, Sunday Ekesi, and Marc De Meyer

Cuticular lesions in tsetse flies (Glossinidae:Diptera) of Kenya, D. A. Turner, W. Otieno, and M. Odindo

Cyclic AMP is a likely mediator of ovulation in the tsetse fly, D. L. Denlinger, M. F.B. Chaudhury, and T. S. Dhadialla

Cyclohexanols of halleria lucida, Hawa Abdullahi, E. Nyandat, C. Galeffi, I. Messana, M. Nicoletti, and G. B.Marini Bettolo

Cyst nematode bio-communication with plants: implications for novel management approaches, Juliet Ochola, Danny Coyne, Laura Cortada, Solveig Haukeland, Margaret Ng'ang'a, Ahmed Hassanali, Charles Opperman, and Baldwyn Torto

Cytokine Levels and T cell Apoptosis Associated With Cerebral Malaria Immunopathology During Plasmodium berghei Anka Infection In A Mouse Model, Julius Ndirangu Mugweru

Cytology of Nilaparvata bakeri (Muir), a Grass-Infesting Planthopper (Homoptera: Delphacidae), A. A. Barrion, R. C. Saxena, and R. C. Saxena

Daily home fortification with iron as ferrous fumarate versus NaFeEDTA: A randomised, placebo-controlled, non-inferiority trial in Kenyan children, Emily M. Teshome, Pauline E.A. Andang'o, Victor Osoti, Sofie R. Terwel, Walter Otieno, Ayse Y. Demir, Andrew M. Prentice, and Hans Verhoef

Daily oviposition patterns of the African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) on different types of aqueous substrates, Leunita A. Sumba, Kenneth Okoth, Arop L. Deng, John Githure, Bart G.J. Knols, John C. Beier, and Ahmed Hassanali

Daily rhythms in the sorghum shootfly, Atherigona soccata: oviposition, egg‐hatch and adult eclosion, ASHOK K. RAINA

Daily survival and human blood index of major malaria vectors associated with oil palm cultivation in Cameroon and their role in malaria transmission, M. C. Tanga, W. I. Ngundu, and P. D. Tchouassi

Data Augmentation and Machine Learning algorithms for multi-class imbalanced morphometrics data of stingless bees, Daisy Salifu, Lorna Chepkemoi, Eric Ali Ibrahim, Kiatoko Nkoba, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Data-Driven Artificial Intelligence (AI) Algorithms for Modelling Potential Maize Yield under Maize–Legume Farming Systems in East Africa, Komi Mensah Agboka, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, John Odindi, Onisimo Mutanga, and Saliou Niassy

Datasets for mapping pastoralist movement patterns and risk zones of Rift Valley fever occurrence, Gladys Mosomtai, Magnus Evander, Charles Mundia, Per Sandström, Clas Ahlm, Osama Ahmed Hassan, Olivia Wesula Lwande, Moses K. Gachari, Tobias Landmann, and Rosemary Sang

Datasets on abundance of common blossom thrips and weather variables in small-scale avocado orchards at Taita Hills and Mount Kilimanjaro, James J. Odanga, Samira Mohamed, Florence Olubayo, Richard Nyankanga, Sizah Mwalusepo, Sevgan Subramanian, Tino Johansson, and Sunday Ekesi

Data to understand the biotransfer of heavy metals along the soil-plant-edible insect-human food chain in Africa, Susan Mwelwa, Donald Chungu, Frank Tailoka, Dennis Beesigamukama, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Decanal as a major component of larval aggregation pheromone of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, Charles A. Kwadha, Jacqueline M. Mutunga, Janet Irungu, George Ongamo, Paul Ndegwa, Suresh Raina, and Ayuka T. Fombong

Decision-making by smallholder farmers in an oil-palm-based economy in southern Benin, West Africa, W. G. Meikle, A. P. Gutierrez, and H. R. Herren

Decision support system for fitting and mapping nonlinear functions with application to insect pest management in the biological control context, Ritter A. Guimapi, Samira A. Mohamed, Lisa Biber-Freudenberger, Waweru Mwangi, Sunday Ekesi, Christian Borgemeister, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Defatted black soldier fly larvae meal as a substitute of soybean meal in dairy cow diets, D. J.M. Braamhaar, W. F. Pellikaan, D. List, D. Korir, C. M. Tanga, and S. J. Oosting

Defecation by Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes of host blood infected with live Trypanosoma congolense, C. M. Mutero and M. J. Mutinga

Deforestation and forest degradation as an environmental behavior: Unpacking realities shaping community actions, Lalisa A. Duguma, Joanes Atela, Peter A. Minang, Alemayehu N. Ayana, Belachew Gizachew, Judith M. Nzyoka, and Florence Bernard

Deinbollia mosaic virus: a novel begomovirus infecting the sapindaceous weed Deinbollia borbonica in Kenya and Tanzania, Martina Kyallo, Peter Sseruwagi, Robert A. Skilton, Mildred Ochwo-Ssemakula, Peter Wasswa, and Joseph Ndunguru

Delivering sustainable crop protection systems via the seed: Exploiting natural constitutive and inducible defence pathways, John A. Pickett, Gudbjorg I. Aradottír, Michael A. Birkett, Toby J.A. Bruce, Antony M. Hooper, Charles A.O. Midega, Huw D. Jones, Michaela C. Matthes, Johnathan A. Napier, Jimmy O. Pittchar, Lesley E. Smart, Christine M. Woodcock, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Demineralization enables reeling of wild silkmoth cocoons, Tom Gheysens, Andrew Collins, Suresh Raina, Fritz Vollrath, and David P. Knight

Dengue and yellow fever virus vectors: Seasonal abundance, diversity and resting preferences in three Kenyan cities, Sheila B. Agha, David P. Tchouassi, Armanda D.S. Bastos, and Rosemary Sang

Dengue serotype-2 and sindbis-like viruses circulating in zoophilic mosquitoes at human-wildlife interfaces in Kenya., Ali Abdulahi Musa

Density dependence and temporal plasticity of competitive interactions during utilisation of resources by a community of lepidopteran stemborer species, Eric Siaw Ntiri, Paul Andre Calatayud, Johnnie Van den Berg, and Bruno Pierre Le Ru

Density effects of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), on its oviposition performance and egg and larval survivorship, Clifford S. Gold, Godfrey H. Kagezi, Pontiano Nemeye, and Philip E. Ragama

Derivatization increases mosquito larvicidal activity of the sesquiterpene lactone parthenin isolated from the invasive weed Parthenium hysterophorus, Trizah K. Milugo, David P. Tchouassi, Reginald A. Kavishe, Rhoel R. Dinglasan, and Baldwyn Torto

Describing Anopheles arabiensis aquatic habitats in two riceland agro-ecosystems in Mwea, Kenya using a negative binomial regression model with a non-homogenous mean, Benjamin G. Jacob, Daniel Griffith, Ephantus Muturi, Erick X. Caamano, Josephat Shililu, John I. Githure, and Robert J. Novak

Description and performane of an updraft trap for sandflies, C. M. Mutero, M. J. Mutinga, M. H. Birley, F. A. Amimo, and D. M. Munyinyi

Description of Eniacomorpha hermetiae Delvare sp. N. (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Chalcididae) a pupal parasitoid of Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera, Stratiomyidae), and a potential threat to mass production of the fly as a feed supplement for domestic animals, Gérard Delvare, Robert S. Copeland, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Description of new Ceratitis MacLeay (Diptera, Tephritidae) species from Africa, Marc De Meyer and Robert S. Copeland

Description of new ceratitis species (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Africa, or how morphological and DNA data are complementary in discovering unknown species and matching sexes, Marc De Meyer, Maulid Mwatawala, Robert S. Copeland, and Massimiliano Virgilio

Description of Non-Precision in Experimental Field Scores, Lilian Nakakaawa, Ifeoluwa D. Gbala, Joel L. Bargul, Xavier Cheseto, and John M. Wesonga

Description of Non-Precision in Experimental Field Scores, Adedapo Odulaja

Description of pre-adult stages of the coconut bug, Pseudotheraptus wayi, James Peter Egonyu, Jacques Kabaru, Lucy Lrungu, and Fabian Haas

Description of the first-instar larva of Geocharidius (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechitae) with a discussion of the phylogeny of the subtribe Anillina, Vasily V. Grebennikov

Description of the Immature Stages of Dacus bivittatus (Diptera: Tephritidae), the Greater Pumpkin Fruit Fly, Gary J. Steck, Shepard Ndlela, Louis A. Somma, Jessica Diaz, Matthew R. Moore, and Jessica Awad

Description of third instar larvae of Ceratitis fasciventris, C. Anonae, C. rosa (FAR complex) and C. capitata (Diptera, tephritidae), Gary J. Steck and Sunday Ekesi

Desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) flour as an emerging functional ingredient for baking flavorful and nutritious whole wheat bread, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Antonny M. Nzomo, Paul N. Ndegwa, Sunday Ekesi, Fathiya M. Khamis, Komivi S. Akutse, George Ong'amo, Brian O. Ochieng, Margaret Kababu, Dennis Beesigamukama, Shaphan Y. Chia, J․Ghemoh G. Changeh, Sevgan Subramanian, Thomas Dubois, and Segenet Kelemu

Desert Locust (Schistocerca gregaria) Invasion Risk and Vegetation Damage in a Key Upsurge Area, Raphael Mongare, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Emily Kimathi, Simon Onywere, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Designing and delivering bioinformatics project-based learning in East Africa, Caleb K. Kibet, Jean Baka Domelevo Entfellner, Daudi Jjingo, Etienne Pierre de Villiers, Santie de Villiers, Karen Wambui, Sam Kinyanjui, and Daniel Masiga

Design of a retinal tracking system for jumping spiders, Cristina Canavesi, Skye Long, Dennis Fantone, Elizabeth Jakob, Robert R. Jackson, Duane Harland, and Jannick P. Rolland

Design of trials for interrupting the transmission of endemic pathogens, Mariabeth Silkey, Tobias Homan, Nicolas Maire, Alexandra Hiscox, Richard Mukabana, Willem Takken, and Thomas A. Smith

Desmodium species and associated biochemical traits for controlling Striga species: Present and future prospects, Z. R. Khan, J. A. Pickett, A. Hassanali, A. M. Hooper, and C. A.O. Midega

Detached berries inoculation for characterization of coffee resistance to coffee berry disease, F. Pinard, C. O. Omondi, and C. Cilas

Detecting bracoviral orthologs distribution in five tsetse fly species and the housefly genomes, Kelvin M. Kimenyi, Muna F. Abry, Winnie Okeyo, Enock Matovu, Daniel Masiga, and Benard W. Kulohoma

Detecting the early stage of phaeosphaeria leaf spot infestations in maize crop using in situ hyperspectral data and guided regularized random forest algorithm, Elhadi Adam, Houtao Deng, John Odindi, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, and Onisimo Mutanga

Detection and characterization of Kodamaea ohmeri associated with small hive beetle Aethina tumida infesting honey bee hives, Nicole D. Benda, Drion Boucias, Baldwyn Torto, and Peter Teal

Detection and characterization of kodamaea ohmeri associated with small hive beetle aethina tumida infesting honey bee hives, Nicole D. Benda, Drion Boucias, Baldwyn Torto, and Peter Teal

Detection and monitoring of ‘Candidatus’ Liberibacter spp. vectors: African citrus triozid Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae) and Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) in citrus groves in East Africa, Owusu F. Aidoo, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Samira A. Mohamed, Fathiya M. Khamis, Steve B.S. Baleba, Brenda A. Rasowo, Joseph Ambajo, Mamoudou Sétamou, Sunday Ekesi, and Christian Borgemeister

Detection and prevalence of a novel Bandavirus related to Guertu virus in Amblyomma gemma ticks and human populations in Isiolo County, Kenya, Hellen Koka, Solomon Langat, Samuel Oyola, Faith Cherop, Gilbert Rotich, James Mutisya, Victor Ofula, Konongoi Limbaso, Juliette R. Ongus, Joel Lutomiah, and Rosemary Sang

Detection and quantification of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquito larvae in experimental aquatic habitats using environmental DNA (eDNA). ., David Weetman, Joel Odero, Bruno Gomes, and Ulrike Fillinger

Detection, identification, and significance of phytoplasmas in wild grasses in East Africa, George O. Asudi, Johnnie van den Berg, Charles A.O. Midega, Bernd Schneider, Erich Seemüller, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Detection of Antibodies to Ehrlichia spp. in Dromedary Camels and Co-Grazing Sheep in Northern Kenya Using an Ehrlichia ruminantium Polyclonal Competitive ELISA, Marisol Collins, Collins Ngetich, Milton Owido, Dennis Getange, Robert Harris, Joel L. Bargul, Boku Bodha, Daniel Njoroge, Dishon Muloi, Dino J. Martins, Jandouwe Villinger, Naftaly Githaka, Matthew Baylis, Eric M. Fèvre, Esther Kanduma, Mario Younan, and Lesley Bell-Sakyi

Detection of Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in Ethiopia: A New Haplotype and its Implication to the Proliferation of Huanglongbing, Inusa J. Ajene, Fathiya Khamis, Shifa Ballo, Gerhard Pietersen, Barbara Van Asch, Nurhussen Seid, Ferdu Azerefegne, Sunday Ekesi, and Samira Mohamed

Detection of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) in Kenya and potential implication for the spread of Huanglongbing disease in East Africa, Ivan Rwomushana, Fathiya M. Khamis, Tim G. Grout, Samira A. Mohamed, Mamoudou Sétamou, Christian Borgemeister, Hellen M. Heya, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Peterson W. Nderitu, Zuberi S. Seguni, Christopher L. Materu, and Sunday Ekesi

Detection of immune response in rabbits infested with Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi., B. C. Njau and M. Nyindo

Detection of Pesticide Residues in Selected Bee Products of Honeybees (Apis melllifera L.) Colonies in a Preliminary Study from Seychelles Archipelago, Elliud Muli, Joseph Kilonzo, Norman Dogley, Gerald Monthy, Justus Kurgat, Janet Irungu, and Suresh Raina

Detection of phytoplasma by loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA (LAMP), E. Obura, D. Masiga, F. Wachira, B. Gurja, and Z. R. Khan

Detection of rift valley fever virus interepidemic activity in some hotspot areas of kenya by sentinel animal surveillance, 2009-2012, Jacqueline Kasiiti Lichoti, Absolomon Kihara, Abuu A. Oriko, Leonard Ateya Okutoyi, James Ogaa Wauna, David P. Tchouassi, Caroline C. Tigoi, Steve Kemp, Rosemary Sang, and Rees Murithi Mbabu

Detection of species substitution in the meat value chain by high-resolution melting analysis of mitochondrial pcr products, Jane Kagure Njaramba, Lillian Wambua, Titus Mukiama, Nelson Onzere Amugune, and Jandouwe Villinger

Detection of the spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, in continental sub-Saharan Africa, Charles A. Kwadha, Louis A. Okwaro, Isabella Kleman, Guillermo Rehermann, Santosh Revadi, Shepard Ndlela, Fathiya M. Khamis, Peterson W. Nderitu, Muo Kasina, Momanyi K. George, Grace G. Kithusi, Samira A. Mohamed, H. Michael G. Lattorff, and Paul G. Becher

Detection of trypanosome infections in the saliva of tsetse flies and buffy-coat samples from antigenaemic but aparasitaemic cattle, P. A.O. Majiwa, R. Thatthi, S. K. Moloo, and J. H.P. Nyeko

Detection of trypanosomes in small ruminants and pigs in western Kenya: Important reservoirs in the epidemiology of sleeping sickness?, Musa O. Ng'ayo, Zablon K. Njiru, Eucharia U. Kenya, Geoffrey M. Muluvi, Ellie O. Osir, and Daniel K. Masiga

Determinants of Adoption and Dis-Adoption of Integrated Pest Management Practices in the Suppression of Mango Fruit Fly Infestation: Evidence from Embu County, Kenya, Samuel Jeff Otieno, Cecilia Nyawira Ritho, Jonathan Makau Nzuma, and Beatrice Wambui Muriithi

Determinants of adoption of climate-smart push-pull technology for enhanced food security through integrated pest management in eastern Africa, A. W. Murage, C. A.O. Midega, J. O. Pittchar, J. A. Pickett, and Z. R. Khan

Determinants of agro-pastoralists’ willingness to pay for improved contagious caprine pleuropneumonia vaccine in Kenya, Fredrick Ochieng Ouya, Eric Bett, Purity Nguhiu, Stella Makokha, Harrison Lutta, Willis Adero Abwao, and Martin Mwirigi

Determinants of integrated soil fertility management technologies adoption by smallholder farmers in the Chinyanja Triangle of Southern Africa, Powell Mponela, Lulseged Tamene, Gift Ndengu, Ruth Magreta, Job Kihara, and Nelson Mango

Determinants of malaria in irrigated and non-irrigated villages of Mwea: a comparative assessment, Martin Oganda

Determinants of profitability of black soldier fly farming enterprise in Kenya, K. V. Mutuku, A. W. Mukhebi, M. A. Orinda, and C. M. Tanga

Determinants of smallholder farmers’ adaptation options to climate change in a coffee-based farming system of Southwest Ethiopia, Girma Eshetu, Tino Johansson, Weyessa Garedew, and Tigist Yisahak

Determination of Anopheles gambiae larval DNA in the gut of insectivorous dragonfly (Libellulidae) nymphs by polymerase chain reaction, Maria E. Morales, Dawn M. Wesson, Ian W. Sutherland, Daniel E. Impoinvil, Charles M. Mbogo, John I. Githure, and John C. Beier

Determination of Neonicotinoid Residues in Hive Products from Kiambu and Nairobi Counties, Kenya, Protus Wanjala Mulati

Determination of optimal rotation period for management of lumbering forests in Kenya, Fridah Nyakundi, Richard Mulwa, and Jane Kabubo-Mariara

Determination of pesticide residues in honey: A preliminary study from two of Africa’s largest honey producers, Janet Irungu, Suresh Raina, and Baldwyn Torto

Determination of temperature thresholds for the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), using life cycle simulation modeling: Implications for effective field releases in classical biological control of fruit flies, Shepard Ndlela, Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag, and Samira A. Mohamed

Determination of the Putative Insect Vector of Napier Grass Stunt Phytoplasma using Molecular and Bioassay techniques in Western Kenya, Evans Odhiambo Obura

Determination of total flavonoids, phenolics, and antioxidant activity of propolis from six stingless bee species in Kenya, Timothy M. Kegode, Nelly Ndungu, and Nkoba Kiatoko

Determining Optimal Quadrat Sizes for Invertebrate Communities in Agrobiodiversity Studies: A Case Study from Tropical Irrigated Rice, Kenneth G. Schoenly, I. T. Domingo, and Alberto T. Barrion

Determining smallholder farmers' preferences for technology dissemination pathways: The case of 'push-pull' technology in the control of stemborer and Striga weeds in Kenya, A. W. Murage, D. M. Amudavi, G. Obare, J. Chianu, C. A.O. Midega, J. A. Pickett, and Z. R. Khan

Deterrence of repeated oviposition in sorghum shootfly Atherigona soccata, Ashok K. Raina

Developing and deploying insect resistant maize varieties to reduce pre-and post-harvest food losses in Africa, Tadele Tefera, Stephen Mugo, and Yoseph Beyene

Developing low-cost house floors to control tungiasis in Kenya – a feasibility study, Lynne Elson, Shadrack Mwadai Nyawa, Abneel Matharu, and Ulrike Fillinger

Developmental biology and demographic parameters of antestia bug Antestiopsis thunbergii (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), on Coffea arabica (Rubiaceae) at different constant temperatures, Abdelmutalab Gesmalla Ahmed, Lucy Kananu Murungi, and Regis Babin

Development and application of mycoinsecticides for the management of fruit flies in Africa, Jean N.K. Maniania and Sunday Ekesi

Development and assessment of plant-based synthetic odor baits for surveillance and control of malaria vectors, Vincent O. Nyasembe, David P. Tchouassi, Hillary K. Kirwa, Woodbridge A. Foster, Peter E.A. Teal, Christian Borgemeister, and Baldwyn Torto

Development and evaluation of a dipstick assay for detection of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax sporozoites in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), Russell E. Coleman, James F. Barth, Michael J. Turell, Scott W. Gordon, Jetsummon Sattabongkot, Robert Copeland, and Robert A. Wirtz

Development and optimization of the Suna trap as a tool for mosquito monitoring and control, Alexandra Hiscox, Bruno Otieno, Anthony Kibet, Collins K. Mweresa, Philemon Omusula, Martin Geier, Andreas Rose, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, and Willem Takken

Development and reproductive biology of the maize stemborer Busseola fusca Fuller (Lepid., Noctuidae), G. C. Unnithan

Development and reproductive potential of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on cultivated and wild crucifer species in Kenya, R. Kahuthia-Gathu, B. Löhr, and H. M. Poehling

Development and survival of Anopheles gambiae eggs in drying soil: Influence of the rate of drying, egg age, and soil type, J. I. Shililu, W. B. Grueber, C. M. Mbogo, J. I. Githure, L. M. Riddiford, and J. C. Beier

Development and Utilization of Multiplex pcr - high Resolution Melting (hrm) assay for Detection of Arboviral Pathogens, Martin Mbaya Koome

Development and validation of a framework to improve neglected tropical diseases surveillance and response at sub-national levels in kenya, Arthur K.S. Ng’etich, Kuku Voyi, and Clifford M. Mutero

Development of a framework to improve the utilisation of malaria research for policy development in Malawi, Chikondi Mwendera, Christiaan de Jager, Herbert Longwe, Charles Hongoro, Kamija Phiri, and Clifford M. Mutero

Development of a low‐cost tsetse trap and odour baits for Glossina pallidipes and G.longipennis in Kenya, R. BRIGHTWELL, R. D. DRANSFIELD, and C. KYORKU

Development of an adaptive tsetse population management scheme for the Luke community, Ethiopia, Andrea Sciarretta, Melaku Girma, Getachew Tikubet, Lulseged Belayehun, Shifa Ballo, and Johann Baumgärtner

Development of an exposure-free bednet trap for sampling Afrotropical malaria vectors, E. M. Mathenge, G. F. Killeen, D. O. Oulo, L. W. Irungu, P. N. Ndegwa, and B. G.J. Knols

Development of an improved laboratory production technique for the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei, using fresh coffee berries, Juliana Jaramillo, Adenirin Chabi-Olaye, Hans Michael Poehling, Charles Kamonjo, and Christian Borgemeister

Development of efficient tools for improved surveillance of vectors of dengue and chikungunya fever., Eunice Anyango Owino

Development of efficient tools for improved surveillance of vectors of dengue and chikungunya fever., Eunice Anyango Owino

Development of efficient tools for improved surveillance of vectors of dengue and chikungunya fever., Eunice Anyango Owino

Development of environmental tools for anopheline larval control, Susan S. Imbahale, Collins K. Mweresa, Willem Takken, and Wolfgang R. Mukabana

Development of field-applicable tests for rapid and sensitive detection of Candidatus Phytoplasma oryzae, Lillian Wambua, Bernd Schneider, Allan Okwaro, Joseph Odhiambo Wanga, Olive Imali, Peninah Nduku Wambua, Lavender Agutu, Cassandra Olds, Chris Stephen Jones, Daniel Masiga, Charles Midega, Zeyaur Khan, Joerg Jores, and Anne Fischer

Development of odour-baited traps for Glossina swynnertoni (Diptera: Glossinidae), P. N. Ndegwa and S. Mihok

Development of PCR-based chloroplast DNA markers that characterize domesticated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata var. unguiculata) and highlight its crop-weed complex, Y. Feleke, R. S. Pasquet, and P. Gepts

Development of physogastry in the queen of the fungus-growing termite Macrotermes michaelseni (Isoptera: Macrotermitinae), R. Sieber and R. H. Leuthold

Development of resistance in calves to nymphs of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Acarina: Ixodidae) during test feeds, R. M. Newson and J. W. Chiera

Development of the pupal parasitoid Xanthopimpla stemmator (Thunberg)(Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in various cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera), Ann Wanjiru Gitau

Development of Tomato Hybrids (Lycopersicon Esculentum x Lycopersicon Hirsutum f. Glabratum) resistant to Robacco Spider Mite (Tetranychus Evansi), Everlyne Nafula Wosula

Development of Tomato Hybrids (Lycopersicon Esculentum x Lycopersicon Hirsutum f. Glabratum) resistant to Robacco Spider Mite (Tetranychus Evansi), Everlyne Nafula Wosula

Development of Tomato Hybrids (Lycopersicon Esculentum x Lycopersicon Hirsutum f. Glabratum) resistant to Robacco Spider Mite (Tetranychus Evansi), Everlyne Nafula Wosula

Development, reproductive capacity and survival of Amblyomma variegatum and Boophilus decoloratus in relation to host resistance and climatic factors under field conditions, G. Solomon and G. P. Kaaya

Developments in the MPI-M Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI-ESM1.2) and Its Response to Increasing CO2, Thorsten Mauritsen, Jürgen Bader, Tobias Becker, Jörg Behrens, Matthias Bittner, Renate Brokopf, Victor Brovkin, Martin Claussen, Traute Crueger, Monika Esch, Irina Fast, Stephanie Fiedler, Dagmar Fläschner, Veronika Gayler, Marco Giorgetta, Daniel S. Goll, Helmuth Haak, Stefan Hagemann, Christopher Hedemann, Cathy Hohenegger, Tatiana Ilyina, Thomas Jahns, Diego Jimenéz-de-la-Cuesta, Johann Jungclaus, Thomas Kleinen, Silvia Kloster, Daniela Kracher, and Stefan Kinne

Diapause disruption in Cirina butyrospermi Vuillet (Lepidoptera, Attacidae), the shea caterpillar, in Burkina Faso, H. B. Bama, R. A. Dabire, D. Ouattara, S. Niassy, M. N. Ba, and D. Dakouo

Diapause potential in tropical flesh flies, David L. Denlinger

Diapause termination of chilo partellus (swinhoe) and chilo orichalcociliellus strand (lepidoptera: pyralidae), V. C. Ofomata, W. A. Ovekholt, and R. I. Egwuatu

Diel activity patterns and host preferences of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Diptera: Glossinidae) along the shores of Lake Victoria, Kenya, M. M. Mohamed-Ahmed and A. Odulaja

Diel and lifetime patterns of feeding and reproductive activities of three African fruit flies, Ceratitis cosyra, C. fasciventris and C. capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), in semi-field cages of different spatial scales, A. Manrakhan and S. A. Lux

Diel behavioral activity patterns in adult solitarious desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskl), Sidi Ould Ely, Peter G.N. Njagi, Magzoub Omer Bashir, Salah El Tom El-Amin, and Ahmed Hassanali

Diel patterns of mating, oviposition and feeding in the coconut bug, Pseudotheraptus wayi Brown (Heteroptera: Coreidae), J. P. Egonyu

Diel periodicity in the production of green leaf volatiles by wild and cultivated host plants of stemborer moths, Chilo partellus and Busseola fusca, K. Chamberlain, Z. R. Khan, J. A. Pickett, T. Toshova, and L. J. Wadhams

Dietary and Therapeutic Benefits of Edible Insects: A Global Perspective, Chrysantus Mbi Tanga and Sunday Ekesi

Dietary and thermo-hygrometric requirements to rear mussidia fiorii cecconi & de joannis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) under laboratory conditions, B. K. Muli, F. Schulthess, and J. Van Den Berg

Differences in essential oil content of berries and leaves of Solanum sarrachoides (Solanaceae) and the effects on oviposition of the tomato spider mite (Tetranychus evansi), Lucy K. Murungi, Hillary Kirwa, and Baldwyn Torto

Differences in mate acceptance and host plant recognition between wild and laboratory-reared Busseola fusca (Fuller), P. A. Calatayud, G. Juma, P. G.N. Njagi, N. Faure, S. Calatayud, S. Dupas, B. Le Rü, G. Magoma, J. F. Silvain, and B. Frérot

Differences in seasons and rice varieties provide opportunities for improving nitrogen use efficiency and management in irrigated rice in Kenya, Joseph P. Gweyi-Onyango, Winnie Ntinyari, Andrew Ogollaegesa, Richard Mose, Symon Njinju, Mekonnen Giweta, and Cargele Masso

Differences in the biochemical content and radical scavenging activity of propolis from different parts of a Meliponula ferruginea hive, Timothy M. Kegode, Hosea O. Mokaya, Solomon I. Chogo, Pierre Noiset, Nicolas J. Vereecken, Amanuel Tamiru, Sevgan Subramanian, and Nkoba Kiatoko

Differential attractiveness of human foot odours to Anopheles gambiae Giles sensu stricto (Diptera: Culicidae) and variation in their chemical composition, M. O. Omolo, B. Njiru, I. O. Ndiege, R. M. Musau, and A. Hassanali

Differential effects of pesticide applications on Liriomyza huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae) and its parasitoids on pea in Central Kenya, M. M. Guantai, C. P.K.O. Ogol, D. Salifu, J. M. Kasina, K. S. Akutse, and K. K.M. Fiaboe

Differential effects of various African nightshade species on the fecundity and movement of Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae), L. K. Murungi, M. Knapp, D. Salifu, J. Wesonga, A. Nyende, P. Masinde, and B. Torto

Differential expression of the chemosensory transcriptome in two populations of the stemborer Sesamia nonagrioides, Nicolas Glaser, Aurore Gallot, Fabrice Legeai, Myriam Harry, Laure Kaiser, Bruno Le Ru, Paul André Calatayud, and Emmanuelle Jacquin-Joly

Differential expression of the CrV1 haemocyte inactivation-associated polydnavirus gene in the African maize stem borer Busseola fusca (Fuller) parasitized by two biotypes of the endoparasitoid Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron), C. W. Gitau, D. Gundersen-Rindal, M. Pedroni, P. J. Mbugi, and S. Dupas

Differential immune responses in new and old fruit fly-parasitoid associations: Implications for their management, Rehemah Gwokyalya, Jeremy K. Herren, Christopher W. Weldon, Fathiya M. Khamis, Shepard Ndlela, and Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed

Differential induction of proteins in Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae in response to heavy metal selection, Paul Odhiambo Mireji, Joseph Keating, Eucharia Kenya, Charles Mbogo, Hudson Nyambaka, Ellie Osir, John Githure, and John Beier

Differential responses of Bactrocera dorsalis and its parasitoids to headspaces of different varieties of tree-attached mango fruits and the associated chemical profiles, Raphael Njurai Miano, Samira A. Mohamed, Xavier Cheseto, Shepard Ndlela, Tibebe Dejene Biasazin, Abdullahi Ahmed Yusuf, Egmont Rohwer, and Teun Dekker

Differential Responses of the Egg-Larval Parasitoid Chelonus Bifoveolatus To Fall Armyworm-Induced and Constitutive Volatiles of Diverse Maize Genotypes, Collins O. Onjura, Emmanuel Peter, George O. Asudi, Michael M. Gicheru, Samira A. Mohamed, Toby J.A. Bruce, and Amanuel Tamiru

Differential response to plant- and human-derived odorants in field surveillance of the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti, Wyckliff P. Omondi, Eunice A. Owino, David Odongo, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Baldwyn Torto, and David P. Tchouassi

Differentiation of vector species of phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Kenya by chorionic sculpturing of their eggs., L. M. Rogo, E. D. Kokwaro, M. J. Mutinga, and C. P. Khamala

Different Plant Viruses Induce Changes in Feeding Behavior of Specialist and Generalist Aphids on Common Bean That Are Likely to Enhance Virus Transmission, Francis O. Wamonje, Ruairí Donnelly, Trisna D. Tungadi, Alex M. Murphy, Adrienne E. Pate, Christine Woodcock, John Caulfield, J. Musembi Mutuku, Toby J.A. Bruce, Christopher A. Gilligan, John A. Pickett, and John P. Carr

Dim-light vision in jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae): Identification of prey and rivals, Ana M. Cerveira, Robert R. Jackson, and Ximena J. Nelson

Direct and indirect adverse effects of tomato on the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus feeding on the spider mite Tetranychus evansi, M. Koller, M. Knapp, and P. Schausberger

Direct and Indirect Infection Effects of Four Potent Fungal Isolates on the Survival and Performance of Fall Armyworm Larval Parasitoid Cotesia icipe, Junitor Chepkemoi, Ken Okwae Fening, Felicitas Chaba Ambele, Joseph Munywoki, and Komivi Senyo Akutse

Directional selection at the pfmdr1, pfcrt, pfubp1, and pfap2mu loci of Plasmodium falciparum in Kenyan children treated with ACT, Gisela Henriques, Rachel L. Hallett, Khalid B. Beshir, Nahla B. Gadalla, Rachel E. Johnson, Rebekah Burrow, Donelly A. Van Schalkwyk, Patrick Sawa, Sabah A. Omar, Taane G. Clark, Teun Bousema, and Colin J. Sutherland

Discovery of an oviposition attractant for gravid malaria vectors of the Anopheles gambiae species complex, Jenny M. Lindh, Michael N. Okal, Manuela Herrera-Varela, Anna Karin Borg-Karlson, Baldwyn Torto, Steven W. Lindsay, and Ulrike Fillinger

Discovery of the vector of visceral leishmaniasis, Phlebotomus (Artemievus) alexandri Sinton, 1928, in Kenya suggests complex transmission dynamics, Steve Kiplagat, Jandouwe Villinger, Collins K. Kigen, Kevin O. Kidambasi, Jackson M. Muema, Stephie M. Mwangi, Maureen Wangari, Damaris Matoke-Muhia, Daniel K. Masiga, and Joel L. Bargul

Discrete Davydov's soliton in α-helical protein molecule with anharmonic hydrogen bond and thermal noise, Frank T. Ndjomatchoua, Clément Tchawoua, Joël D.T. Tchinang, Bruno P. LeRü, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Discriminating Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) cropping systems using leaf-level hyperspectral data, Getachew Kebede, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Onisimo Mutanga, Tobias Landmann, John Odindi, Natacha Motisi, Fabrice Pinard, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Discrimination of draglines from potential mates by Evarcha culicivora, an East African jumping spider, F. R. Cross

Discriminative feeding behaviour of Anopheles gambiae s.s. on endemic plants in western Kenya, H. Manda, L. C. Gouagna, E. Nyandat, E. W. Kabiru, R. R. Jackson, W. A. Foster, J. I. Githure, J. C. Beier, and A. Hassanali

Disease research in the wildlife-livestock interface in Kenya., J. G. Grootenhuis and R. O. Olubayo

Disentangling dispersal, vicariance and adaptive radiation patterns: A case study using armyworms in the pest genus Spodoptera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Gael J. Kergoat, Dorothy P. Prowell, Bruno P. Le Ru, Andrew Mitchell, Pascaline Dumas, Anne Laure Clamens, Fabien L. Condamine, and Jean François Silvain

Disentangling thermal effects using life cycle simulation modelling on the biology and demographic parameters of Dolichogenidea gelechiidivoris, a parasitoid of Tuta absoluta, Pascal O. Aigbedion-Atalor, Martin P. Hill, Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag, Myron P. Zalucki, and Samira A. Mohamed

Dispersal behavior of tetranychus evansi and T. urticae on tomato at several spatial scales and densities: Implications for integrated pest management, Ginette Y. Azandeme-Hounmalon, Simon Fellous, Serge Kreiter, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Sevgan Subramanian, Miriam Kungu, and Thibaud Martin

Dispersal of the exotic parasitoid Cotesia flavipes in a new ecosystem, M. N. Sallam, W. A. Overholt, and E. Kairu

Dispersion patterns and monitoring samplings of termite pests in cocoa agroforestry systems of Southern Cameroon, Christian T.L. Djuideu, Hervé D.B. Bisseleua, Sevilor Kekeunou, and Felicitas C. Ambele

Disruption of aggregation behaviour of oriental migratory locusts (Locusta migratoria manilensis) infected with Nosema locustae, W. P. Shi and P. G.N. Njagi

Disruption of Glossina morsitans morsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae) eclosion behaviour: A novel method for evaluating the action of neurotoxic agents, J. Ždárek and D. L. Denlinger

Dissemination of entomopathogenic fungi using Busseola fusca male as vector, Nguya K. Maniania, Elizabeth Ouna, Peter Ahuya, Brigitte Frérot, Anne Emmanuelle Félix, Bruno Le Ru, and Paul André Calatayud

Dissolution properties of silk cocoon shells and degummed fibers from African wild silkmoths, K. T. Addis and S. K. Raina

Distribution, abundance and natural enemies of the invasive tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in Kenya, G. Kinyanjui, F. M. Khamis, F. L.O. Ombura, E. U. Kenya, S. Ekesi, and S. A. Mohamed

Distribution and abundance, in maize and sorghum, of lepidopteran stemborers and associated indigenous parasitoids in zanzibar, E. I. Nlyibigira, Z. S. Abdallah, and W. A. Overholt

Distribution and abundance of key vectors of Rift Valley fever and other arboviruses in two ecologically distinct counties in Kenya, Rosemary Sang, Samwel Arum, Edith Chepkorir, Gladys Mosomtai, Caroline Tigoi, Faith Sigei, Olivia Wesula Lwande, Tobias Landmann, Hippolyte Affognon, Clas Ahlm, and Magnus Evander

Distribution and diversity of the vectors of Rift Valley fever along the livestock movement routes in the northeastern and coastal regions of Kenya, Samwel O. Arum, Christopher W. Weldon, Benedict Orindi, Tobias Landmann, David P. Tchouassi, Hippolyte D. Affognon, and Rosemary Sang

Distribution and genetic diversity of Tomato spotted wilt virus following an incursion into Kenya, I. Macharia, D. Backhouse, E. M. Ateka, S. B. Wu, J. Harvey, M. Njahira, and R. A. Skilton

Distribution and Incidence of the Oil Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus phoenicis (Fabricius, 1801) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Selected Agro-Ecological Zones of Uganda, J. Baguma, M. Otema, G. Ddamulira, R. Naluyimba, and J. P. Egonyu

Distribution and mating type characterization of chickpea blight (Didymella rabiei (Kov.) v. Arx) in Ethiopia, Gezahegne Getaneh, Tadele Tefera, Fikre Lemessa, Seid Ahmed, and Jandouwe Villinger

Distribution and post-settlement survival in the field by reproductive pairs of Hodotermes mossambicus Hagen (Isoptera, Hodotermitidae), J. P.E.C. Darlington, W. A. Sands, and D. E. Pomeroy

Distribution and relative importance of cereal stem borers and their natural enemies in the semi-arid and cool-wet ecozones of the Amhara State of Ethiopia, Melaku Wale, Fritz Schulthess, Eunice W. Kairu, and Charles O. Omwega

Distribution and relative importance of lepidopteran cereal stemborers and their parasitoids in Uganda, T. Matama-Kauma, F. Schulthess, J. A. Ogwang, J. M. Mueke, and C. O. Omwega

Distribution and sampling of Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in maize and sorghum on the Kenya coast, W. A. Overholt, K. Ogedah, and P. M. Lammers

Distribution and species composition of cereal stemborers in the eastern zone of tanzania, E. Nsami, B. Pallangyo, V. McOo, and C. O. Omwega

Distribution and species composition of stemborers and their natural enemies in maize and sorghum in ethiopia, Emana Getu, W. A. Overholt, and E. Kairu

Distribution, Characterization and the Commercialization of Elite Rhizobia Strains in Africa, Clabe Wekesa, Abdul A. Jalloh, John O. Muoma, Hezekiah Korir, Keziah M. Omenge, John M. Maingi, Alexandra C.U. Furch, and Ralf Oelmüller

Distribution, degree of damage and risk of spread of Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in Kenya, Owusu Fordjour Aidoo, Chrysantus Mbi Tanga, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Brenda Amondi Rasowo, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, Ivan Rwomushana, Jackson Kimani, Akua Konadu Agyakwa, Salifu Daisy, Mamoudou Sétamou, Sunday Ekesi, and Christian Borgemeister

Distribution, interspecific associations and abundance of aquatic plants in Lake Bisina, Uganda, Brian Gidudu, R. S. Copeland, F. Wanda, H. Ochaya, J. P. Cuda, and W. A. Overholt

Distribution of Candidatus Liberibacter species in Eastern Africa, and the First Report of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in Kenya, Inusa J. Ajene, Fathiya M. Khamis, Barbara van Asch, Gerhard Pietersen, Nurhussen Seid, Ivan Rwomushana, Fidelis L.O. Ombura, George Momanyi, Pole Finyange, Brenda A. Rasowo, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Samira Mohammed, and Sunday Ekesi

Distribution of chemo- and mechanoreceptors on the antennae and maxillae of Busseola fusca larvae, Gerald Juma, Mathayo Chimtawi, Peter O. Ahuya, Peter G.N. Njagi, Bruno Le Rü, Gabriel Magoma, Jean François Silvain, and Paul André Calatayud

Distribution of indigenous strains of atoxigenic and toxigenic Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus in maize and peanuts agro-ecological zones of Kenya, Daniel O. Okun, Fathiya M. Khamis, Geoffrey M. Muluvi, Joseph J. Ngeranwa, Fidelis O. Ombura, Moses O. Yongo, and Eucharia U. Kenya

Distribution of mosquito larvae within the paddy and its implication in larvicidal application in mwea rice irrigation scheme, Central Kenya, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Ephantus J. Muturi, Josephat I. Shililu, Benjamin Jacob, Ephantus W. Kabiru, Charles M. Mbogo, John I. Githure, and Robert J. Novak

Distribution of sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in three vegetation habitats in the Marigat area, Baringo District, Kenya., M. Basimike, M. J. Mutinga, and R. Kumar

Distribution of Tetranychus evansi and its predator Phytoseiulus longipes (Acari: Tetranychidae, Phytoseiidae) in southern Brazil, Fernando R. Da Silva, Gilberto J. De Moraes, and Markus Knapp

Distribution, pest status and agro-climatic preferences of lepidopteran stem borers of maize in Kenya, Georges O. Ong’amo, Bruno P. Le Rü, Stéphane Dupas, Pascal Moyal, Paul André Calatayud, and Jean François Silvain

Distribution, relative abundance, and level of infestation of the invasive peach fruit fly Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and its associated natural enemies in Sudan, Mohammed E.E. Mahmoud, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Shepard Ndlela, Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag, Fathiya M. Khamis, Mohamed A.E. Bashir, and Sunday Ekesi

Disturbance of the rainforest has the potential to enhance egg parasitism of lepidopteran noctuid stemborers in Kisangani, DR Congo, Onésime M. Kankonda, Benjamin D. Akaibe, Boaz Musyoka, Yaovi A. Bruce, and Bruno Pierre Le Ru

Diurnal and Seasonal Activity of Unfed Adults of Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus, Neumann 1901 in Relation to some Factors in the Micro-Environment, Daniel Kaiseiyie Punyua

Divergent Hantavirus in Somali Shrews (Crocidura somalica) in the Semi-Arid North Rift, Kenya, Dorcus C.A. Omoga, David P. Tchouassi, Marietjie Venter, Edwin O. Ogola, Gilbert Rotich, Joseph N. Muthoni, Dickens O. Ondifu, Baldwyn Torto, Sandra Junglen, and Rosemary Sang

Diversion of oviposition by atherigona soccata (Diptera: Muscidae) to nonhost maize with sorghum seedling extract, G. C. Unnithan and K. N. Saxena

Diversity and abundance of lepidopteran stem borer natural enemies in natural and cultivated habitats in Botswana, Reyard Mutamiswa, Eva Moeng, Bruno P. Le Ru, Des E. Conlong, Yoseph Assefa, Muluken Goftishu, and Casper Nyamukondiwa

Diversity and Abundance of Lepidopteran Stem Borers and Their Respective Native Hosts in Different Vegetation Mosaics in Tanzania, G. O. Ong'Amo, B. Pallangyo, A. Ali, M. Njaku, and B. P.Le Ru

Diversity and abundance of wild host plants of lepidopteran stem borers in two agro-ecological zones of Kenya, Nicholas A. Otieno, Bruno P. Le Ru, George O. Ong'amo, Pascal Moyal, Stéphane Dupas, Paul André Calatayud, and Jean François Silvain

Diversity and abundance of wild host plants of lepidopteran stem borers in two different agroecological zones of Kenya, Nicholas A. Otieno, Bruno P. Le Rü, George O. Ong’amo, Stéphane Dupas, Paul André Calatayud, Martha Makobe, John Ochora, and Jean François Silvain

Diversity and abundance of wild host plants of lepidopteran stem borers in two different agroecological zones of Kenya, A. J. Ngi-Song, W. A. Overholt, and J. N. Ayertey

Diversity and distribution of lepidopteran stemborer species and their host plants in Botswana, Eva Moeng, Reyard Mutamiswa, Des E. Conlong, Yoseph Assefa, Bruno P. Le Ru, Muluken Goftishu, and Casper Nyamukondiwa

Diversity And Host Prefference Of Tephritid Fruit Fly Species Infesting Cucurbit And Major Horticultural Crops In Coastal Kenya, Carolyne W. Kambura

Diversity And Host Prefference Of Tephritid Fruit Fly Species Infesting Cucurbit And Major Horticultural Crops In Coastal Kenya, Carolyne W. Kambura

Diversity and host range of lepidopteran stemborer species in Cameroon, G. O. Ong'Amo, P. Le Gall, R. Ndemah, and B. P. Le Ru

Diversity and infestation levels of arthropod pests attacking dolichos lablab (l.), grown in Meru central and Yatta Sub-counties, Kenya, Nahashon Chege Kanyi

Diversity and Multiplicity of P. falciparum infections among asymptomatic school children in Mbita, Western Kenya, Abdoulie O. Touray, Victor A. Mobegi, Fred Wamunyokoli, and Jeremy K. Herren

Diversity and phylogenetic analysis of endosymbionts from Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio) and its parasitoids in Kenya, Brenda A. Rasowo, Robert S. Copeland, Fathiya M. Khamis, Owusu F. Aidoo, Inusa J. Ajene, Samira A. Mohamed, Mamoudou Sétamou, Sunday Ekesi, and Christian Borgemeister

Diversity and pollination activity of flower visiting insects associated with avocado along the slopes of Taita Hills in Kenya, Eric Bushuru Luvonga

Diversity and seasonal abundance of tephritid fruit flies in three agro-ecosystems in Benin, West Africa, D. Gnanvossou, R. Hanna, G. Goergen, D. Salifu, C. M. Tanga, S. A. Mohamed, and S. Ekesi

Diversity and structure of prokaryotic communities within organic and conventional farming systems in central highlands of Kenya, Edward Nderitu Karanja, Andreas Fliessbach, Noah Adamtey, Anne Kelly Kambura, Martha Musyoka, Komi Fiaboe, and Romano Mwirichia

Diversity Cascades and malaria vectors, John C. Carlson, Lee A. Dyer, Francois X. Omlin, and John C. Beier

Diversity, distribution and role of wild crucifers in major cabbage and kale growing areas of Kenya, R. Kahuthia-Gathu, B. Löhr, H. M. Poehling, and P. K. Mbugua

Diversity, host plants and potential distribution of edible saturniid caterpillars in Kenya, Elizabeth Siago Kusia, Christian Borgemeister, Fathiya M. Khamis, Robert S. Copeland, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Fidelis Levi Ombura, and Sevgan Subramanian

Diversity of agromyzidae and associated hymenopteran parasitoid species in the afrotropical region: Implications for biological control, Robert Musundire, Adenirin Chabi-Olaye, Bernhard Löhr, and Kerstin Krüger

Diversity of bacterial and fungal endophytes in maize and their larvicidal effect against the spotted stem borer Chilo partellus, Denberu Kebede, Tesfaye Alemu, and Tadele Tefera

Diversity of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda and their gut bacterial community in Kenya, Joseph Gichuhi, Subramanian Sevgan, Fathiya Khamis, Johnnie Van Den Berg, Hannalene Du Plessis, Sunday Ekesi, and Jeremy K. Herren

Diversity of lepidopteran stemborers and their parasitoids on maize and wild host plants in the rain forest of Kisangani, DR Congo, Onésime Mubenga Kankonda, Benjamin Dudu Akaibe, George Otieno Ong’amo, and Bruno Pierre Le Ru

Diversity of lepidopteran stem borers on monocotyledonous plants in eastern Africa and the islands of Madagascar and Zanzibar revisited, B. P. Le Ru, G. O. Ong'amo, P. Moyal, L. Ngala, B. Musyoka, Z. Abdullah, D. Cugala, B. Defabachew, T. A. Haile, T. Kauma Matama, V. Y. Lada, B. Negassi, K. Pallangyo, J. Ravolonandrianina, A. Sidumo, C. O. Omwega, F. Schulthess, P. A. Calatayud, and J. F. Silvain

Diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes and their relationships with some soil physico-chemical characteristics in improved fallows in western Kenya, Serigne T. Kandji, Callistus K.P.O. Ogol, and Alain Albrecht

Diversity of riceland mosquitoes and factors affecting their occurrence and distribution in Mwea, Kenya, Ephantus J. Muturi, Josephat I. Shililu, Benjamin G. Jacob, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Charles M. Mbogo, John I. Githure, and Robert J. Novak

Diversity of stem borer parasitoids and their associated wild host plants in South Africa and Mozambique, H. J. Moolman, J. van den Berg, D. Conlong, D. Cugala, S. J. Siebert, and B. P. Le Ru

Diversity of the Gut Microbiome of Chicken Fed With Black Soldier Fly Larvae -Based Feeds, Evalyne Wambui Ndotono

Diversity of ticks and tick-borne protozoan parasites from livestock and wildebeests at the Maasai-mara wildlife- livestock interface, Narok county, Kenya., Sarah A. Mukolwe

Diving behavior in Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae): Avoidance of a predacious wolf spider (Araneae: Lycosidae) in relation to life stage and water depth, Kyoko Futami, George Sonye, Peter Akweywa, Satoshi Kaneko, and Noboru Minakawa

DNA Barcode Reference Library for the African Citrus Triozid, Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae): Vector of African Citrus Greening, F. M. Khamis, I. Rwomushana, L. O. Ombura, G. Cook, S. A. Mohamed, C. M. Tanga, P. W. Nderitu, C. Borgemeister, M. Sétamou, T. G. Grout, and S. Ekesi

DNA barcodes, expanded distribution, and redescription of Apanteles hemara Nixon, 1965 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae), a potential biocontrol species against amaranth leaf-webbers in Africa, Jose Fernandez-Triana, Melanie Beaudin, Kees Van Achterberg, Mawufe K. Agbodzavu, Stephen T.O. Othim, Faith W. Nyamu, and Komi K.M. Fiaboe

DNA Barcoding and Morphometrics of Stingless Bees (apidae: meliponinae) in three selected forests in Kenya, Nelly Njeri Ndungu

Do behavioral attitudes of livestock farmers in Cameroon influence the adoption of insect-based feed? An application of the theory of planned behavior, Ruth T. Nembu, Boris D. Soh Wenda, Hervé K. Mube, Hervé W. Napi, Shaphan Y. Chia, Sali A. Ndindeng, Rodrigue B. Kamga, and Dorothy E. Fon

Does adaptation occur in insect rearing systems, or is it a case of selection, acclimatization and domestication?, J. P.R. Ochieng-Odero

Does artemether-lumefantrine administration affect mosquito olfactory behaviour and fitness?, Jetske G. De Boer, Annette O. Busula, Jet Ten Berge, Tessa S. Van Dijk, and Willem Takken

Does a specialist parasitoid adapt to its host on a new host plant?, A. Roßbach, B. Löhr, and S. Vidal

Does empowerment influence women's willingness to pay for integrated pest management practices? A case study of mango growers in Zambia, Hannah M. Gichungi, Beatrice W. Muriithi, Holger Kirscht, Samira A. Mohamed, Shepard Ndlela, and Kassie Menale

Does forest access reduce reliance on costly shock-coping strategies? Evidence from Malawi, Kelvin Mulungu and Nicholas Kilimani

Does gender matter in the adoption of push-pull pest management and other sustainable agricultural practices? Evidence from Western Kenya, Beatrice W. Muriithi, Kassie Menale, Gracious Diiro, and Geoffrey Muricho

Does the tsetse parturition rhythm have a circadian basis?, JAN ŽĎĂREK, DAVID L. DENLINGER, and LEONARD H. OTIENO

Do farmers’ risk preferences remain stable in the face of climatic shocks? Evidence from smallholder farmers in Zambia, Kelvin Mulungu, Mumbi E. Kimani, and Mare Sarr

Dominant Inheritance of Field-Evolved Resistance to Bt Corn in Busseola fusca, Pascal Campagne, Marlene Kruger, Rémy Pasquet, Bruno Le Ru, and Johnnie Van den Berg

Do NERICA rice cultivars express resistance to Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. and Striga asiatica (L.) Kuntze under field conditions?, Jonne Rodenburg, Mamadou Cissoko, Juma Kayeke, Ibnou Dieng, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Enos A. Onyuka, and Julie D. Scholes

Do new Access and Benefit Sharing procedures under the Convention on Biological Diversity threaten the future of biological control?, Matthew J.W. Cock, Joop C. van Lenteren, Jacques Brodeur, Barbara I.P. Barratt, Franz Bigler, Karel Bolckmans, Fernando L. Cônsoli, Fabian Haas, Peter G. Mason, and José Roberto P. Parra

Do organic farming initiatives in Sub-Saharan Africa improve the sustainability of smallholder farmers? Evidence from five case studies in Ghana and Kenya, Johan Blockeel, Christian Schader, Anja Heidenreich, Christian Grovermann, Irene Kadzere, Irene S. Egyir, Anne Muriuki, Joseph Bandanaa, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Joseph Clottey, John Ndungu, and Matthias Stolze

Do the invasive Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and the maize lepidopteran stemborers compete when sharing the same food?, Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame, Peter Malusi, Sevgan Subramanian, Dora Chao Kilalo, Gerald Juma, and Paul André Calatayud

Do the mechanisms modulating host preference in holometabolous phytophagous insects depend on their host plant specialization? A quantitative literature analysis, Christophe Petit, Stéphane Dupas, Denis Thiéry, Claire Capdevielle-Dulac, Bruno Le Ru, Myriam Harry, and Paul André Calatayud

Do thermal requirements of Dichrorampha odorata, a shoot-boring moth for the biological control of Chromolaena odorata, explain its failure to establish in South Africa?, Slindile B. Nqayi, Costas Zachariades, Julie Coetzee, Martin Hill, Frank Chidawanyika, Osariyekemwen O. Uyi, and Andrew J. McConnachie

Draft Genome of Busseola fusca, the Maize Stalk Borer, a Major Crop Pest in Sub-Saharan Africa, Kayla M. Hardwick, Awino Maureiq Edith Ojwang', Francesca Stomeo, Solomon Maina, Gladys Bichang'A, Paul André Calatayud, Jonathan Filée, Appolinaire Djikeng, Caitlin Miller, Leah Cepko, Alistair C. Darby, Bruno Le Ru, Sarah Schaack, and Howard Ochman

Draft genome of Microsporidia sp. MB—a malaria-blocking microsporidian symbiont of the Anopheles arabiensis, Lilian Mbaisi Ang'ang'o, Jacqueline Wahura Waweru, Edward Edmond Makhulu, Anne Wairimu, Fidel Gabriel Otieno, Thomas Onchuru, Özlem Tastan Bishop, and Jeremy Keith Herren

Draft genome sequence of "Candidatus Phytoplasma oryzae" strain Mbita1, the causative agent of Napier grass stunt disease in Kenya, Anne Fischer, Ivette Santana-Cruz, Lillian Wambua, Cassandra Olds, Charles Midega, Matthew Dickinson, Praphat Kawicha, Zeyaur Khan, Daniel Masiga, Joerg Jores, and Bernd Schneider

Draft genome sequence of the first human isolate of the ruminant pathogen Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum, Frederik Valeur Seersholm, Anne Fischer, Martin Heller, Joerg Jores, Konrad Sachse, Tobias Mourier, and Anders Johannes Hansen

Drivers of household food availability in sub-Saharan Africa based on big data from small farms, Romain Frelat, Santiago Lopez-Ridaura, Ken E. Giller, Mario Herrero, Sabine Douxchamps, Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt, Olaf Erenstein, Ben Henderson, Menale Kassie, Birthe K. Paul, Cyrille Rigolot, Randall S. Ritzema, Daniel Rodriguez, Piet J.A. Van Asten, and Mark T. Van Wijk

Drivers of the taxonomie and functional diversity, and functional composition of fungal endophyte communities in crucifers, Junhui Chen, Hafiz Sohaib Ahmed Saqib, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Feiying Yang, Xiaolu Wu, Xiaofeng Xia, Liande Wang, Mark S. Goettel, Minsheng You, and Geoff M. Gurr

Drones and satellite mapping for insect conservation, Tobias Landmann, Pamela Ochungo, and Jan C. Habel

Drought-tolerant Desmodium species effectively suppress parasitic striga weed and improve cereal grain yields in western Kenya, Charles A.O. Midega, Charles J. Wasonga, Antony M. Hooper, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Dryinidae of the afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea), Massimo Olmi, Robert S. Copeland, and Simon Van Noort

Dry season ecology of Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes at larval habitats in two traditionally semi-arid villages in Baringo, Kenya, Albert O. Mala, Lucy W. Irungu, Josephat I. Shililu, Ephantus J. Muturi, Charles C. Mbogo, Joseph K. Njagi, and John I. Githure

Dual suppression of Glossina pallidipes using entomopathogenic fungal-based biopesticides and sterile insect technique, Fidelis L.O. Ombura, Adly M.M. Abd-Alla, Komivi S. Akutse, Steven Runo, Paul O. Mireji, Rosemary Bateta, Joseck E. Otiwi, Inusa J. Ajene, and Fathiya M. Khamis

Duration analysis of technology adoption effects of dissemination pathways: A case of 'push-pull' technology for control of Striga weeds and stemborers in Western Kenya, A. W. Murage, G. Obare, J. Chianu, D. M. Amudavi, J. Pickett, and Z. R. Khan

Dynamics in nutrients, sterols and total flavonoid content during processing of the edible Long-Horned grasshopper (Ruspolia differens Serville) for food, Brian O. Ochieng, Joseph O. Anyango, John M. Nduko, Xavier Cheseto, Cynthia M. Mudalungu, Fathiya M. Khamis, Changeh J. Ghemoh, Peter J. Egonyu, Sevgan Subramanian, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, Geoffrey Ssepuuya, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Dynamics of cocoa pollination: Tools and applications for surveying and monitoring cocoa pollinators, E. A. Frimpong, I. Gordon, P. K. Kwapong, and B. Gemmill-Herren

Dynamics of gene introgression in the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, Daibin Zhong, Emmanuel A. Temu, Tom Guda, Louis Gouagna, David Menge, Aditi Pai, John Githure, John C. Beier, and Guiyun Yan

Dynamics of host blood effects in Glossina morsitans sspp. infected with Trypanosoma congolense and T. brucei, Reardon O. Olubayo, Steve Mihok, Eli Munyoki, and Leonard H. Otieno

Dynamics of immature stages of Anopheles arabiensis and other mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in relation to rice cropping in a rice agro-ecosystem in Kenya, Joseph Mwangangi, Josephat Shililu, Ephantus Muturi, Weidong Gu, Charles Mbogo, Ephantus Kabiru, Benjamin Jacob, John Githure, and Robert Novak

Dynamics of malaria transmission near two permanent breeding sites in Baringo district, Kenya, Ifeanyi Aniedu

Dynamics of multiple sustainable agricultural intensification practices adoption: Application of the intertemporal multivariate probit model, Ali Mohammed Oumer, Michael Burton, and Menale Kassie

Dynamics of N-P-K demand and uptake in cassava, Joy Geraldine Adiele, Antonius G.T. Schut, Kodjovi S. Ezui, Pieter Pypers, and Ken E. Giller

Dynamics of the pregnancy cycle in the tsetse Glossina morsitans, David L. Denlinger and Wei Chun Ma

Early infestation volatile biomarkers of fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) ovipositional activity in mango (Mangifera indica L.), Xavier Cheseto, Caitlin C. Rering, Geoffrey T. Broadhead, Baldwyn Torto, and John J. Beck

Earth observations reveal impacts of climate variability on maize cropping systems in sub-Saharan Africa, Adomas Liepa, Michael Thiel, Hannes Taubenböck, Doris Klein, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, Marcell K. Peters, Sarah Schönbrodt-Stitt, Insa Otte, Tobias Landmann, Zeyaur R. Khan, Michael Ochieng Obondo, Frank Chidawanyika, Emily A. Martin, and Tobias Ullmann

Eave screening and push-pull tactics to reduce house entry by vectors of Malaria, David J. Menger, Philemon Omusula, Karlijn Wouters, Charles Oketch, Ana S. Carreira, Maxime Durka, Jean Luc Derycke, Dorothy E. Loy, Beatrice H. Hahn, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Collins K. Mweresa, Joop J.A. Van Loon, Willem Takken, and Alexandra Hiscox

Eave tubes for malaria control in Africa: Prototyping and evaluation against Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles arabiensis under semi-field conditions in western Kenya Lucy Tusting, Jo Lines, Janneke Snetselaar, Basilio N. Njiru, Beatrice Gachie, Phillip Owigo, Rob Andriessen, Katey Glunt, Anne J. Osinga, James Mutunga, Marit Farenhorst, and Bart G.J. Knols

Ecdysone and the super tick, Christine Mango, Thomas R. Odhiambo, and Rachel Galun

Ecdysteroid levels associated with epidermal events during worker and soldier differentiation in Macrotermes michaelseni (Isoptera: Macrotermitinae), B. M. Okot-Kotber

Ecdysteroids during ovarian development and embryogenesis in solitary and gregarious Schistocerca gregaria, Amer I. Tawfik, Anna Vedrová, and František Sehnal

Eclosion behavior in tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae): Extrication from the puparium and expansion of the adult, Jan Zdárek and David L. Denlinger

Eco-climatic matching to guide foreign exploration and optimal release strategies for biological control agents of Rastrococcus iceryoides in Africa and Asia, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Changeh J. Ghemoh, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Seetharaman Suresh, Emily K. Kimathi, Samira A. Mohamed, P. Govender, Thomas Dubois, and Sunday Ekesi

Eco-friendly nets and floating row covers reduce pest infestation and improve tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) yields for smallholder farmers in Kenya, Elisha O. Gogo, Mwanarusi Saidi, Francis M. Itulya, Thibaud Martin Martin, and Mathieu Ngouajio

Eco-friendly nets to improve vegetable production and quality in sub-Saharan Africa, T. Martin, S. Simon, L. Parrot, F. Assogba Komlan, F. Vidogbena, A. Adegbidi, V. Baird, M. Saidi, M. Kasina, L. A. Wasilwa, S. Subramanian, and M. Ngouajio

Ecological and evolutionary drivers of stingless bee honey variation at the global scale, Pierre Noiset, Madeleine Héger, Chloé Salmon, Peter Kwapong, Rofela Combey, Kumara Thevan, Natapot Warrit, Marcelo Rojas-Oropeza, Nathalie Cabirol, Carlos Zaragoza-Trello, Claus Rasmussen, Kiatoko Nkoba, and Nicolas J. Vereecken

Ecological and genetic separation of three sympatric species of Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Kenya coast, L. P. Lounibos and L. E. Munstermann

Ecological Chemistry of Pest Control in Push- Pull Intercropping Systems: What We Know, and Where to Go?, Jakob Lang, Frank Chidawanyika, Zeyaur R. Khan, and Meredith C. Schuman

Ecological determinants and risk areas of Striga hermonthica infestation in western Kenya under changing climate, Emily Kimathi, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Catherine Lukhoba, Asaah Ndambi, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Saliou Niassy, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Tobias Landmann

Ecological diversity of edible insects and their potential contribution to household food security in Haut-Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of Congo, Olivier Bomolo, Saliou Niassy, Auguste Chocha, Baboy Longanza, David M. Bugeme, Sunday Ekesi, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Ecological dominance by Paratrechina longicornis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), an invasive tramp ant, in biosphere 2, J. K. Wetterer, S. E. Miller, D. E. Wheeler, C. A. Olson, D. A. Polhemus, M. Pitts, I. W. Ashton, A. G. Himler, M. M. Yospin, K. R. Helms, E. L. Harken, J. Gallaher, C. E. Dunning, M. Nelson, J. Litsinger, A. Southern, and T. L. Burgess

Ecological immunogenetics of life-history traits in a model amphibian, Seth M. Barribeau, Jandouwe Villinger, and Bruce Waldman

Ecological management of cereal stemborers in African smallholder agriculture through behavioural manipulation, Charles A.O. Midega, Toby J.A. Bruce, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Ecological niche and potential geographic distribution of the invasive fruit fly Bactrocera invadens (Diptera, Tephritidae), M. De Meyer, M. P. Robertson, M. W. Mansell, S. Ekesi, K. Tsuruta, W. Mwaiko, J. F. Vayssières, and A. T. Peterson

Ecological niche modeling as a tool for prediction of the potential geographic distribution of Bacillus anthracis spores in Tanzania, Elibariki R. Mwakapeje, Sood A. Ndimuligo, Gladys Mosomtai, Samuel Ayebare, Luke Nyakarahuka, Hezron E. Nonga, Robinson H. Mdegela, and Eystein Skjerve

Ecological studies on cucumber (cucumis sativus L.) Pest spectrum, yield loss assessment and potential for use of neem products in Kenya, Tom Charles Mboya Matoka

Ecological studies on cucumber (cucumis sativus L.) Pest spectrum, yield loss assessment and potential for use of neem products in Kenya, Tom Charles Mboya Matoka

Ecological studies on cucumber (cucumis sativus L.) Pest spectrum, yield loss assessment and potential for use of neem products in Kenya, Tom Charles Mboya Matoka

Ecology and behavior of anopheles arabiensis in relation to agricultural Practices in Central Kenya, Ephantus J. Muturi, Joseph M. Mwangangi, John C. Beier, Millon Blackshear, James Wauna, Rosemary Sang, and Wolfgang R. Mukabana

Ecology and behaviour of Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) in southern Kenya, T. G.T. Jaenson

Ecology: A prerequisite for malaria elimination and eradication, Heather M. Ferguson, Anna Dornhaus, Arlyne Beeche, Christian Borgemeister, Michael Gottlieb, Mir S. Mulla, John E. Gimnig, Durland Fish, and Gerry F. Killeen

Ecology of the African maize stalk borer, Busseola fusca (lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with special reference to insect-plant interactions, Paul André Calatayud, Bruno P. Le Ru, Johnnie van den Berg, and Fritz Schulthess

Economic analysis of different options in integrated pest and soil fertility management in maize systems of Western Kenya, Hugo De Groote, Bernard Vanlauwe, Esther Rutto, George D. Odhiambo, Fred Kanampiu, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Economic analysis of spillover effects of an integrated pest management (IPM) strategy for suppression of mango fruit fly in Kenya, Caroline Githiomi, Beatrice Muriithi, Patrick Irungu, Chris M. Mwungu, Gracious Diiro, Hippolyte Affognon, John Mburu, and Sunday Ekesi

Economic and ecological values of frass fertiliser from black soldier fly agro-industrial waste processing, D. Beesigamukama, B. Mochoge, N. Korir, K. Menale, B. Muriithi, M. Kidoido, H. Kirscht, G. Diiro, C. J. Ghemoh, S. Sevgan, D. Nakimbugwe, M. W. Musyoka, S. Ekesi, and C. M. Tanga

Economic assessment of losses due to fruit fly infestation in mango and the willingness to pay for an integrated pest management package in Embu district, Kenya, Caroline M. Mugure

Economic Evaluation of Integrated Pest Management Technology for Control of Mango Fruit Flies in Embu County, Kenya, Mary Njeri Kibira

Economic, health, and environmental burden of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in tomato production in Kenya and Uganda, Fridah Chepchirchir, Beatrice Wambui Muriithi, Jackson Langat, Shepard Ndlela, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, and Fathiya Khamis

Economic, health, and environmental burden of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in tomato production in Kenya and Uganda, T. K. Golder, L. H. Otieno, N. Y. Patel, and P. Onyango

Economic impact of a classical biological control program: application to Diachasmimorpha longicaudata against Bactrocera dorsalis fruit fly in Kenya, Komi Mensah Agboka, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Beatrice W. Muriithi, Saliou Niassy, Shepard Ndlela, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Samira A. Mohamed, and Sunday Ekesi

Economic impact of integrated pest management strategies for the suppression of mango-infesting fruit fly species in Africa, Beatrice W. Muriithi, Gracious M. Diiro, Hippolyte Affognon, and Sunday Ekesi

Economic impacts of fall armyworm and its management strategies: Evidence from southern Ethiopia, Menale Kassie, Tesfamicheal Wossen, Hugo De Groote, Tadele Tefera, Subramanian Sevgan, and Solomon Balew

Economic performance of the 'push-pull' technology for stemborer and Striga control in smallholder farming systems in western Kenya, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Esther M. Njuguna, David M. Amudavi, Japhether M. Wanyama, and John A. Pickett

Economics of on-farm production of indigenous fruits, Dagmar Mithöfer and Hermann Waibel

Economics of Resource Sharing via Library Consortia, Arnold Mwanzu

Economic threshold for the management of Plutella xylostella with granulovirus in cauliflower ecosystem, S. Subramanian, R. J. Rabindra, and N. Sathiah

Eco-social analysis of an East African agro-pastoral system: Management of tsetse and bovine trypanosomiasis, Johann Baumgärtner, Gianni Gilioli, Getachew Tikubet, and Andrew Paul Gutierrez

Edible caterpillars (Gonimbrasia belina and Gynanisa maja) as emerging source of nutrients and bioactive compounds, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Brian O. Ochieng, Dennis Beesigamukama, Changeh J. Ghemoh, Cynthia Mudalungu, Xavier Cheseto, Isaac M. Osuga, Sevgan Subramanian, and Segenet Kelemu

Edible Crickets (Orthoptera) Around the World: Distribution, Nutritional Value, and Other Benefits—A Review, Henlay J.O. Magara, Saliou Niassy, Monica A. Ayieko, Mukundi Mukundamago, James P. Egonyu, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Emily K. Kimathi, Jackton O. Ongere, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Sylvain Hugel, Mary A. Orinda, Nanna Roos, and Sunday Ekesi

Edible insect biodiversity and anthropo-entomophagy practices in Kalehe and Idjwi territories, D.R. Congo, Jackson Ishara, Marcellin C. Cokola, Ariel Buzera, Mercy Mmari, David Bugeme, Saliou Niassy, Karume Katcho, and John Kinyuru

Edible Insect Diversity for Food and Nutrition, Wendy Lu McGill, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Sunday Ekesi, and Sevgan Subramanian

Edible insect farming as an emerging and profitable enterprise in East Africa, Chrysantus M. Tanga, James P. Egonyu, Dennis Beesigamukama, Saliou Niassy, Kimathi Emily, Henlay JO Magara, Evanson R. Omuse, Sevgan Subramanian, and Sunday Ekesi

Editorial, Olivier Gascuel, Alia BenKahla, Winston Hidde, Dan Masiga, and Trushar Shah

Editorial: Parasitoids' Ecology and Evolution, Catherine Wanjiru Clarke, Paul André Calatayud, René F.H. Sforza, Rose Ngeh Ndemah, and Casper Nyamukondiwa

Effectiveness of Entomopathogenic Fungi on Immature Stages and Feeding Performance of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae, Atif Idrees, Ziyad Abdul Qadir, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Ayesha Afzal, Mubasher Hussain, Waqar Islam, Muhammad Saad Waqas, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, and Jun Li

Effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. for control of the stem borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in maize in Kenya, Nguya K. Maniania

Effective pollination of greenhouse Galia musk melon (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus ser.) by afrotropical stingless bee species, Nkoba Kiatoko, Maria I. Pozo, Annette Van Oystaeyen, Frank van Langevelde, Felix Wäckers, Raina Suresh Kumar, Baerbel Hundt, and Juliana Jaramillo

Effect of African nightshade species (Solanaceae) on developmental time and life table parameters of Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae), Lucy Kananu Murungi, Aggrey Nyende, John Wesonga, Peter Masinde, and Markus Knapp

Effect of agroecosystem diversity on natural enemies of maize stemborers in coastal Kenya, C. A.O. Midega, C. K.P.O. Ogol, and W. A. Overholt

Effect of anti-thymocyte serum on acquisition of resistance to infestation by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus larvae in rabbits, M. G. Binta, E. Z. Mushi, and F. R. Rurangirwa

Effect of aqueous extracts of Datura stramonium W. seeds, leaves and roots on mortality of second stage juveniles of Globodera rostochiensis in Kenya, Naomi Waithira Kamau, Japhet Mburugu Muthamia, Daniel Otieno Otaye, and Solveig Haukeland

Effect of artificial wetting and rainfall on the larval diapause of a stem borer, Busseola fusca in Western Kenya, Takashi Okuda

Effect of Azadirachta indica and Milletia ferruginea extracts against Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) infestation management in chickpea, Tarekegn Fite, Tadele Tefera, Mulugeta Negeri, and Tebekew Damte

Effect of common wild crucifer species of Kenya on fitness of two exotic diamondback moth parasitoids, Cotesia plutellae and Diadegma semiclausum, R. Kahuthia-Gathu, B. Löhr, and H. M. Poehling

Effect of constant temperatures on germination, radial growth and virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae to three species of African tephritid fruit flies, Susan Dimbi, Nguya K. Maniania, Slawomir A. Lux, and Jones M. Mueke

Effect of Controphic Species on Natural Population Dynamics of Malaria Mosquito larvae on Rusinga Island, Caroline Mirieri Kwamboka

Effect of cooking methods on nutritional value and microbial safety of edible rhinoceros beetle grubs (Oryctes sp.), Marliyn W. Muthee, Fathiya M. Khamis, Xavier Cheseto, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Sevgan Subramanian, and James P. Egonyu

Effect of cowpea cultivar, plant part and growth phenology on oviposition behaviour of the legume pod borer, Maruca testulalis Geyer (Lep., Pyralidae), S. Oghiakhe

Effect of cowpea/maize mixed cropping on the incident light at the cowpea canopy and flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) population density, Sam Kyamanywa and J. K.O. Ampofo

Effect of crop diversification and mulching on termite damage to maize in western Ethiopia, Girma Demissie, Esayas Mendesil, Debela Diro, and Tadele Tefera

Effect of cropping systems on cereal stemborers in the cool-wet and semi-arid ecozones of the Amhara region of Ethiopia, M. Wale, F. Schulthess, Eunice W. Kairu, and Charles O. Omwega

Effect of cyclophosphamide on the aquisition of resistance to infestation by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in rabbits, M. G. Binta, E. Z. Mushi, and F. R. Rurangirwa

Effect of desert locust control on non-target edible termites in eastern Uganda, M. Angole, G. M. Malinga, C. M. Tanga, S. Subramanian, X. Cheseto, and J. P. Egonyu

Effect of Desmodium intortum and black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) based meal on sensory and physicochemical properties of broiler chicken meat in Kenya, M. M. Mutisya, S. B.S. Baleba, J. N. Kinyuru, C. M. Tanga, M. Gicheha, G. Hailu, D. Salifu, J. Egonyu, X. Cheseto, and S. Niassy

Effect of dietary replacement of fishmeal by insect meal on growth performance, blood profiles and economics of growing pigs in Kenya, Shaphan Y. Chia, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Isaac M. Osuga, Alphonce O. Alaru, David M. Mwangi, Macdonald Githinji, Sevgan Subramanian, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Sunday Ekesi, Joop J.A. van Loon, and Marcel Dicke

Effect of discriminative plant-sugar feeding on the survival and fecundity of Anopheles gambiae, Hortance Manda, Louis C. Gouagna, Woodbridge A. Foster, Robert R. Jackson, John C. Beier, John I. Githure, and Ahmed Hassanali

Effect of drying methods on the nutrient content, protein and lipid quality of edible insects from East Africa, N. K. Yisa, I. M. Osuga, S. Subramanian, S. Ekesi, M. N. Emmambux, and K. G. Duodu

Effect of farmer's knowledge and attitudes on management of the tomato spotted wilt virus in Sironko District, Rita Nabuzale

Effect of fertilizer and pesticide on the biocontrol of cereal stemborer's and the awareness of the introduced parasitoid in zanzibar, Ibrahim Abdalla Ali

Effect of fertilizer and pesticide on the biocontrol of cereal stemborer's and the awareness of the introduced parasitoid in zanzibar, Ibrahim Abdalla Ali

Effect of fertilizer and pesticide on the biocontrol of cereal stemborer's and the awareness of the introduced parasitoid in zanzibar, Ibrahim Abdalla Ali

Effect of food deprivation on attractiveness of food sources, containing natural and artificial sugar and protein, to three African fruit flies: Ceratitis cosyra, Ceratitis fasciventris, and Ceratitis capitata, Aruna Manrakhan and Slawomir Antoni Lux

Effect of fungicides used for powdery mildew disease management on the African weaver ant, Oecophylla longinoda (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a biocontrol agent of sap-sucking pests in cashew crops in Tanzania, Moses I. Olotu, Nguya K. Maniania, Sunday Ekesi, Zuberi S. Seguni, and Hannalene Du Plessis

Effect of Herbivore-induced Plant Volatiles of Brachiaria Brizantha on Neighbouring Maize for Chilo Partellus Management in Suba District, Homa-bay County, Kenya, Henlay Juma Otieno Magara

Effect of host odours on trap catch composition of Glossina pallidipes in Kenya, SARAH E. RANDOLPH, R. D. DRANSFIELD, and D. J. ROGERS

Effect of host plant on bionomic and life history parameters of Anagyrus pseudococci (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the mango mealybug Rastrococcus iceryoides (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae), Chrysantus M. Tanga, Samira A. Mohamed, P. Govender, and Sunday Ekesi

Effect of host plant on feeding, biological and morphological parameters of Liriomyza huidobrensis Blanchard (Diptera: Agromyzidae), C. A. Okoth, A. L. Deng, I. M. Tabu, K. S. Akutse, and K. K.M. Fiaboe

Effect of host plant type on feeding, oviposition and survival of Liriomyza huidobrensis (blanchard), Liriomyza sativae (blanchard) and Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidea) leafminers in Kenya, Caroline Aluoch Okoth

Effect of host plant type on feeding, oviposition and survival of Liriomyza huidobrensis (blanchard), Liriomyza sativae (blanchard) and Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidea) leafminers in Kenya, Caroline Aluoch Okoth

Effect of imidacloprid on the reproduction of acaricide-resistant and susceptible strains of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), Mouhoube Ako, Hans Michael Poehling, Christian Borgemeister, and Ralf Nauen

Effect of infection by Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) on the feeding and oviposition of the pea leafminer Liriomyza huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on different host plants, L. N. Migiro, N. K. Maniania, A. Chabi-Olaye, A. Wanjoya, and J. Vandenberg

Effect of information on mothers’ sensory and emotional profiling of insect-based porridges in Kenya, Maryam Imbumi, Joachim J. Schouteten, Sheila Okoth, Chrysantus Mbi Tanga, Katleen Raes, Xavier Gellynck, Judith Kimiywe, and Hans De Steur

Effect of insecticide-treated bed nets on house-entry by malaria mosquitoes: The flight response recorded in a semi-field study in Kenya, Jeroen Spitzen, Teun Koelewijn, W. Richard Mukabana, and Willem Takken

Effect of intercropping cowpea with maize on the performance of metarhizium anisopliae against Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and predators, S. Ekesi, N. K. Maniania, K. Ampong-Nyarko, and I. Onu

Effect of intercropping maize and soybeans on Striga hermonthica parasitism and yield of maize, J. A. Odhiambo, B. Vanlauwe, I. M. Tabu, F. Kanampiu, and Z. Khan

Effect of intercrops on thrips species composition and population abundance on French beans in Kenya, J. O. Nyasani, R. Meyhöfer, S. Subramanian, and H. M. Poehling

Effect of Jatropha gossypiifolia leaf extracts on three Lepidoptera species, J. Arnubio Valencia, Brigitte Frérot, Herve Guénego, Diego F. Múnera, Maria Fátima de Sá Grossi, and Paul André Calatayud

Effect of larval age and supplemental feeding on morphometrics and oviposition in honey bee Apis mellifera scutellata queens, Loise Kawira Njeru, Suresh Kumar Raina, Helen Lydiah Kutima, Daisy Salifu, David Tembong Cham, James Ng’ang’a Kimani, and Elliud Maundu Muli

Effect of larval density and substrate quality on the wing geometry of Stomoxys calcitrans L. (Diptera: Muscidae), Steve B.S. Baleba, Daniel Masiga, Baldwyn Torto, Christopher W. Weldon, and Merid N. Getahun

Effect of Leaf Type and Pesticide Exposure on Abundance of Bacterial Taxa in Mosquito Larval Habitats, Ephantus J. Muturi, Benedict O. Orindi, and Chang Hyun Kim

Effect of maize plants on colonisation of cowpea plants by bean flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti, S. Kyamanywa, C. W. Baliddawa, and K. J.O. Ampofo

Effect of Metarhizium anisopliae inoculation on the mating behavior of three species of African Tephritid fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata, Ceratitis cosyra and Ceratitis fasciventris, Susan Dimbi, Nguya K. Maniania, and Sunday Ekesi

Effect of Microsporidia MB infection on the development and fitness of Anopheles arabiensis under different diet regimes, Godfred Yaw Boanyah, Lizette L. Koekemoer, Jeremy K. Herren, and Tullu Bukhari

Effect of Moisture Stress on the Development of False Codling Moth Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on Two Tomato Varieties, Esther Museo Patrick, Irene Koomen, Shepard Ndlela, and John Mwibanda Wesonga

Effect of natural and artificial chilling in carrot Daucus carota L. at different locations in Kenya. I. Effects on bolting and flowering, Esther M. Kahangi, J. A. Chweya, L. S.M. Akundabweni, and D. M. Munyinyi

Effect of natural and artificial chilling in carrot Daucus carota L. at different locations in Kenya. II. Effect on seed maturity, seedstalk height, umbel number, seed yield and subsequent germination of the harvested seed, Esther M. Kahangi, J. A. Chweya, L. S.M. Akundabweni, and D. M. Munyinyi

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer level on infestations of lepidopterous stemborers and yields of maize in Zanzibar, Abdalla I. Ali, Nanqing Jiang, Fritz Schulthess, Callistus K.P.O. Ogol, and Charles O. Omwega

Effect of olfactory and visual stimuli on the orientation of the 4th instar larvae of the stem borer Chilo partellus swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)., P. G. Tokro and K. N. Saxena

Effect of organic and conventional farming systems on nitrogen use efficiency of potato, maize and vegetables in the Central highlands of Kenya, Martha W. Musyoka, Noah Adamtey, Anne W. Muriuki, and Georg Cadisch

Effect of Participation in Commercial Production of Medicinal Plants through Community-Based Conservation Groups on Farm Income at Kakamega Forest, Kenya, Paul Nyang’au, Beatrice Muriithi, Rose Marubu, John Bwire, Nixon Onyimbo, and Janet Irungu

Effect of pesticides on the tobacco spider mite tetranychus evansi baker & pritchard on tomatoes in kenya., Jebet Toroitich

Effect of Phase Status on Responses to AKH I in the Desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria gregaria, Dorington O. Ogoyi, Ellie O. Osir, and Norah K. Olembo

Effect of pineapple (ananas comosus l. Merrill) and papaya (carica papaya l.) Fruit extracts on sericin removal from silk moths cocoons in kenya, Pauline Wairimu Wainaina

Effect of predation on Anopheles larvae by five sympatric insect families in coastal Kenya, Samuel K. Muiruri, Joseph M. Mwangangi, John Carlson, Ephantus W. Kabiru, Elizabeth Kokwaro, John Githure, Charles M. Mbogo, and John C. Beier

Effect of processing methods on nutrient and anti-nutrient composition of grasshopper and termites, Anne Gachihi, Chrysantus Tanga, Hudson Nyambaka, and Judith Kimiywe

Effect of pubescence in cowpea resistance to the legume pod borer Maruca testulalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), S. Oghiakhe

Effect of Rabbit Urine on the Larval Behavior, Larval Mortality, Egg Hatchability, Adult Emergence and Oviposition Preference of the Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith), Diana Kemunto, Evanson R. Omuse, David K. Mfuti, Amanuel Tamiru, Girma Hailu, Ignath Rwiza, Yeneneh T. Belayneh, Sevgan Subramanian, and Saliou Niassy

Effect of rice cultivation on malaria transmission in central Kenya, Ephantus J. Muturi, Simon Muriu, Josephat Shililu, Joseph Mwangangi, Benjamin G. Jacob, Charles Mbogo, John Githure, and Robert J. Novak

Effect of rice husbandry on mosquito breeding at Mwea Rice Irrigation Scheme with reference to biocontrol strategies., E. J. Asimeng and M. J. Mutinga

Effect of seasons and larval food plants on the quality of Gonometa postica cocoons, Ken O. Fening, Esther N. Kioko, Suresh K. Raina, and Jones M. Mueke

Effect of six host plant species on the life history and population growth parameters of rastrococcus iceryoides (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Chrysantus M. Tanga, Sunday Ekesi, P. Govender, and Samira A. Mohamed

Effect of soil application of different formulations of Metarhizium anisopliae on African tephritid fruit flies and their associated endoparasitoids, Sunday Ekesi, Nguya K. Maniania, Samira A. Mohamed, and Slawomir A. Lux

Effect of soil temperature and moisture on survival and infectivity of Metarhizium anisopliae to four tephritid fruit fly puparia, S. Ekesi, N. K. Maniania, and S. A. Lux

Effect of Solar Disinfestation and Purdue improved Crop storage Bagging the control of Prostephanus Truncatus Horn in Maize, Anastasia Wanjiru Njoroge

Effect of some drugs on the skin response of tick-resistant cattle to an allergenic extract of larval Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, M. G. Binta, M. P. Cunningham, and E. Z. Mushi

Effect of Sorghum Phenology on the Control of Chilo partellus with Nosema marucae (Microspora: Nosematidae), M. O. Odindo, M. Opondo-Mbai, and P. A. Amutalla

Effect of spatial arrangement of push-pull companion plants on fall armyworm control and agronomic performance of two maize varieties in Ghana, Stephen Yeboah, Stella A. Ennin, Adama Ibrahim, Patricia Oteng-Darko, Daniel Mutyambai, Zeyaur R. Khan, Moses B. Mochiah, Sunday Ekesi, and Saliou Niassy

Effect of species, age, and sex of tsetse on response to infection by Metarhizium anisopliae, Nguya K. Maniania and Adedapo Odulaja

Effect of stalk damage on growth and yield of certain maize cultivars by the maize stalk borer Chilo partellus, Harish Kumar

Effect of Technological Innovation on Gender Roles: The Case of Fruit Fly IPM Adoption on Women’s Decision-Making in Mango Production and Marketing in Kenya, Hannah Gichungi, Beatrice Muriithi, Patrick Irungu, Gracious Diiro, and John Busienei

Effect of temperature and relative humidity on the development and fecundity of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), A. Tamiru, E. Getu, B. Jembere, and T. Bruce

Effect of temperature on developmental time and longevity of Psyttalia cosyrae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Samira A. Mohamed, William A. Overholt, Robert A. Wharton, and Slawomir A. Lux

Effect of temperature on development and survival of immature stages of Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae), I. Rwomushana, S. Ekesi, C. K.P.O. Ogol, and I. Gordon

Effect of temperature on germination, radial growth and virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana on Megalurothrips sjostedti, S. Ekesi, N. K. Maniania, and K. Ampong-Nyarko

Effect of temperature on immature development and longevity of two introduced opiine parasitoids on Bactrocera invadens, E. F. Appiah, S. Ekesi, D. Salifu, K. Afreh-Nuamah, D. Obeng-Ofori, F. Khamis, and S. A. Mohamed

Effect of temperature on the development of Orius albidipennis reuter, a predator of the African legume flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti trybom, L. M. Gitonga, B. Löhr, W. A. Overholt, J. K. Magambo, and J. M. Mueke

Effect Of Temperature On The Efficacy Of Metarhizium Anisopliae (metchnikoff) Sorokin In The Control Of Western Flower Thrips In French Beans, Maureen Nandwa Kuboka

Effect of temperature on the life history of Liriomyza trifolii Burgess (Diptera: Agromyzidae), Albert Otieno Owino

Effect of temperature on the life history parameters of noctuid lepidopteran stem borers, Busseola fusca and Sesamia calamistis, N. Khadioli, Z. E.H. Tonnang, G. Ong'amo, T. Achia, I. Kipchirchir, J. Kroschel, and B. Le Ru

Effect of temperature on the phenology of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae); Simulation and visualization of the potential future distribution of C. partellus in Africa under warmer temperatures through the development of life-table parameters, N. Khadioli, Z. E.H. Tonnang, E. Muchugu, G. Ong'Amo, T. Achia, I. Kipchirchir, J. Kroschel, and B. Le Ru

Effect of Temperature on the Synchrony of Stem Borer Pests and their Associated Larval Parasitoids, Kevin K. Sambai

Effect of temperature on virulence of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae isolates to Tetranychus evansi, David M. Bugeme, Nguya K. Maniania, Markus Knapp, and Hamadi I. Boga

Effect of temperature on virulence of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae isolates to Tetranychus evansi, David M. Bugeme, Nguya K. Maniania, Markus Knapp, and Hamadi I. Boga

Effect of the cassava green mite, Mononychellus progresivus, on the development and reproduction of the introduced predatory mite, Phytoseiulus longipes (Acari: Tetranychidae; Phytoseiidae), at different temperaturess, D. L. Mutisya, E. M. El-Banhawy, C. W. Kariuki, C. P.M. Khamala, K. K.M. Fiaboe, and M. M. Kungu

Effect of the push-pull cropping system on maize yield, stem borer infestation and farmers' perception, Teshome Kumela, Esayas Mendesil, Bayu Enchalew, Menale Kassie, and Tadele Tefera

Effect of Timing of Application of Nosema marucae on the Control of the Spotted Stalk Borer Chilo partellus Infesting Sorghum, M. O. Odindo

Effect of Trichoderma spp. and Purpureocillium lilacinum on Meloidogyne javanica in commercial pineapple production in Kenya, Agnes W. Kiriga, Solveig Haukeland, George M. Kariuki, Danny L. Coyne, and Nikolai V. Beek

Effect of triple-layer hermetic bagging on mould infection and aflatoxin contamination of maize during multi-month on-farm storage in Kenya, J. Ng'ang'a, C. Mutungi, S. Imathiu, and H. Affognon

Effect of use of tsetse repellant collar technology on the farm performance and household welfare of small-scale livestock farmers in Kenya, Beatrice W. Muriithi, Kassie Menale, Gracious M. Diiro, Michael N. Okal, and Daniel K. Masiga

Effect of volatiles and crude extracts of different plant materials on egg viability of Maruca vitrata and Clavigralla tomentosicollis, S. Ekesi

Effect of wild grasses planted as border rows on stemborer infestations in maize in Uganda), Teddy Matama-Kauma, Fritz Schulthess, Jones M. Mueke, Charles O. Omwega, and James A. Ogwang

Effect of zebra skin-derived compounds on field catches of the human African trypanosomiasis vector Glossina fuscipes fuscipes, Olabimpe Y. Olaide, David P. Tchouassi, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Christian W.W. Pirk, Daniel K. Masiga, Rajinder K. Saini, and Baldwyn Torto

Effects of a botanical larvicide derived from Azadirachta indica (the neem tree) on oviposition behaviour in Anopheles gambiae s.s. mosquitoes, Annabel F.V. Howard, Elizabeth A. Adongo, John Vulule, and John Githure

Effects of age, phase variation and pheromones on male sperm storage in the desert locust, schistocerca gregaria, Satoshi Hiroyoshi, Takayuki Mitsunaga, Tomoko Ganaha-Kikumura, and Gadi V.P. Reddy

Effects of agricultural intensification practices on smallholder farmers’ livelihood outcomes in Kenyan hotspots of Climate Change, F. O. Ouya, O. I. Ayuya, and M. I. Kariuki

Effects of agricultural pesticides on the susceptibility and fitness of malaria vectors in rural south-eastern Tanzania, Naomi H. Urio, Polius G. Pinda, Amos J. Ngonzi, Letus L. Muyaga, Betwel J. Msugupakulya, Marceline Finda, Godfrey S. Matanila, Winifrida Mponzi, Halfan S. Ngowo, Najat F. Kahamba, Theresia E. Nkya, and Fredros O. Okumu

Effects of agroforestry on pest, disease and weed control: A meta-analysis, Lorena Pumariño, Gudeta Weldesemayat Sileshi, Sofia Gripenberg, Riikka Kaartinen, Edmundo Barrios, Mary Nyawira Muchane, Charles Midega, and Mattias Jonsson

Effects of anticancer drug docetaxel on the structure and function of the rabbit olfactory mucosa, Boniface M. Kavoi, Johanna Plendl, Andrew N. Makanya, Shem Ochieng', and Stephen G. Kiama

Effects of anti-Leishmania monoclonal antibodies on the development of Leishmania major in Phlebotomus duboscqi (Diptera: Psychodidae), C. Anjili, B. Langat, P. Ngumbi, P. A. Mbati, J. Githure, and W. K. Tonui

Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis CRY1A(c) δ-endotoxin on growth, nodulation and productivity of beans [Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) and siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum DC.)], H. M. Makonde, F. K. Lenga, D. Masiga, S. Mugo, and H. I. Boga

Effects of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on mortality, fecundity and egg fertility of Tetranychus evansi, V. W. Wekesa, M. Knapp, N. K. Maniania, and H. I. Boga

Effects of bio-pesticides on Eretmocerus warrae (Hym., Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hom., Aleyrodidae), P. Kumar, M. Whitten, G. Thoeming, C. Borgemeister, and H. M. Poehling

Effects of calyx fluid from a population of Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on the immune response of its host Busseola fusca Fuller (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Moses B. Mochiah, Adele J. Ngi-Song, William A. Overholt, and M. Botchey

Effects of changing farming practices in African agriculture, Todd S. Rosenstock, Peter Steward, Namita Joshi, Christine Lamanna, Nictor Namoi, Lolita Muller, Akinwale O. Akinleye, Erica Atieno, Patrick Bell, Clara Champalle, William English, Anna Sarah Eyrich, Angela Gitau, Dorcas Kagwiria, Hannah Kamau, Anna Madalinska, Lucas Manda, Scott McFatridge, Elijah Mumo, Alex Nduah, Babra Ombewa, Anatoli Poultouchidou, Janie Rioux, Meryl Richards, Julia Shuck, Helena Ström, and Katherine Tully

Effects of combining the fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhiziumanisopliae on the mortality of the tick Amblyomma variegatum (ixodidae) in relation to seasonal changes, R. O. Maranga, G. P. Kaaya, J. M. Mueke, and A. Hassanali

Effects of cuitivar, time and amount of chilo partellus swinhoe (lepidoptera: Pyralidae) infestation on sorghum yield components in Kenya, A. M. Alghali

Effects of dietary supplementation with Yucca schidigera Roezl ex Ortgies and its saponin and non-saponin fractions on rat metabolism, Cepta F. Duffy, Gerry F. Killeen, Cathal D. Connolly, and Ronan F. Power

Effects of different neem formulations on the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), Markus Knapp and Sophia Shaban Kashenge

Effects of different temperature regimes on survival of Diaphorina citri and its endosymbiotic bacterial communities, Mubasher Hussain, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Keppanan Ravindran, Yongwen Lin, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Muhammad Qasim, Chandra Kanta Dash, and Liande Wang

Effects of endophyte colonization of vicia faba (fabaceae) plants on the life-history of leafminer parasitoids phaedrotoma scabriventris (hymenoptera: Braconidae) and diglyphus isaea (hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Komivi S. Akutse, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Johnnie Van Den Berg, Sunday Ekesi, and Nguya K. Maniania

Effects of entomopathogenic and opportunistic fungi on delia antiqua (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) at Low Relative Humidity, Irena Majchrowicz, Tadeusz J. Poprawski, Pierre Henri Robert, and Nguya K. Maniania

Effects of Entomopathogenic fungi and Bacillus thuringiensis-based biopesticides on Spoladea recurvalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), S. Opisa, H. du Plessis, K. S. Akutse, K. K.M. Fiaboe, and S. Ekesi

Effects of entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae on non-target ants associated with Odontotermes spp. (Isoptera: Termitidae) termite mounds in Kenya, E. A. Abonyo, N. K. Maniania, C. M. Warui, E. D. Kokwaro, T. M. Palmer, D. F. Doak, and A. K. Brody

Effects of expanding cassava planting and harvesting windows on root yield, starch content and revenue in southwestern Nigeria, Rebecca Oiza Enesi, Pieter Pypers, Christine Kreye, Meklit Tariku, Johan Six, and Stefan Hauser

Effects of fifth-instar volatiles on sexual maturation of adult desert locust Schistocerca gregaria, Y. O.H. Assad, A. Hassanali, B. Torto, H. Mahamat, N. H.H. Bashir, and S. El Bashir

Effects of fifth-instar volatiles on sexual maturation of adult desert locust Schistocerca gregaria, Yousif O.H. Assad, Ahmed Hassanali, Baldwyn Torto, Hassane Mahamat, Nabil H.H. Bashir, and Sayed El Bashir

Effects of fifth-instar volatiles on sexual maturation of adult desert locust Schistocerca gregaria, Steve Mihok and Peter H. Clausen

Effects of flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on nutritional quality of banana (Zingiberales: Musaceae) buds, Deyi Yu, Peng Huang, Yong Chen, Yongwen Lin, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Yanyang Lan, and Hui Wei

Effects of Fly Abundance on Catch Index of Traps for Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Diptera: Glossinidae), Jean Berckmans Bahananga Muhigwa, Rajindar Kumar Saini, and Ahmed Hassanali

Effects of four potent entomopathogenic fungal isolates on the survival and performance of Telenomus remus, an egg parasitoid of fall armyworm, Junitor Chepkemoi, Ken Okwae Fening, Felicitas Chaba Ambele, Joseph Munywoki, and Komivi Senyo Akutse

Effects of frass from larvae of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) and yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) on growth and insect resistance in field mustard (Brassica rapa): differences between insect species and frass treatments, Shaphan Y. Chia, Joop J.A. van Loon, and Marcel Dicke

Effects of fungal infection on feeding and survival of Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) on plant sugars, Sopher N. Ondiaka, Elizabeth W. Masinde, Constantianus Jm Koenraadt, Willem Takken, and Wolfgang R. Mukabana

Effects of grain legumes and cover crops on maize yield and plant damage by Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the humid forest of southern Cameroon, A. Chabi-Olaye, C. Nolte, F. Schulthess, and C. Borgemeister

Effects of Hermetic Bag Storage on Insect Pest Damage, Mould Infection and a Flatoxin Contamination on Maize Grain in Makueni County, Kenya, Jeremiah Kinuthia Ng'ang'a

Effects of Host Age and Density on the Performance of Apanteles hemara (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Larval Endoparasitoid of Spoladea recurvalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), S. T.O. Othim, S. Ramasamy, R. Kahuthia-Gathu, T. Dubois, S. Ekesi, K. K.M. Fiaboe, and Eric Wajnberg

Effects of host spectra on feeding behaviour and reproduction of soft ticks (Acari: Argasidae), Rachel Galun, S. Sternberg, and Christine Mango

Effects of Î²-mannanase on nutrient utilization and performance of laying Chicken, Chepchirchir M. Kugo

Effects of inorganic fertilizer on tomato - bacterial wilt interactions in high tunnel tomato varieties, Davis Fundi Ireri

Effects of insect meals on fish digestibility, blood parameters, and economic performance: a meta-analysis, M. A. Aaqillah-Amr, A. Hidir, M. Ikhwanuddin, N. A. Fatan, R. Muhammad-Rahimi, S. Ning-Shahira, R. G.N. Siankhe, G. W. Vandenberg, C. M. Tanga, and R. Yossa

Effects of juvenile hormone treatment on phase changes and pheromone production the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Amer I. Tawfik, Ellie O. Osir, Ahmed Hassanali, and Sayed H. Ismail

Effects of landscape complexity and habitat management on stemborer colonization, parasitism and damage to maize, Charles A.O. Midega, Mattias Jonsson, Zeyaur R. Khan, and Barbara Ekbom

Effects of Larval Age at Grafting and Supplemental Feeding on Morphometrics and Oviposition in Honeybee Queen (Apis mellifera scutellata, Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Karura Forest, Kenya, Loise Kawira Njeru

Effects of light levels and plume structure on the orientation manoeuvres of male gypsy moths flying along pheromone plumes, R. T. Cardé and B. G.J. Knols

Effects of metarhizium anisopliae application o~ the diversity of plants, ants, cockroaches and mantids associated with odontotermes termite mounds at mpala research centre - laikipja district (central kenya), Esther Adhiambo Abonyo

Effects of molasses grass, Melinis minutiflora volatiles on the foraging behavior of the cereal stemborer parasitoid, Cotesia sesamiae, Linnet S. Gohole, William A. Overholt, Zeyaur R. Khan, John A. Pickett, and Louise E.M. Vet

Effects of mulching, N-fertilization and intercropping with Desmodium uncinatum on Striga hermonthica infestation in maize, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy Pittchar, Daisy Salifu, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Effects of Neem and Pyrethrum on the Biology and Abundance of Liriomyza Huidobrensis( Diptera:Agromyzidae) and its Natural Enemy, Phaedrotoma Scabrieventris ( Hymenoptera:Braconidae), Everlyne Namikoye Samita

Effects of neem seed derivatives on behavioral and physiological responses of the Cosmopolites sordidus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), T. Musabyimana, R. C. Saxena, E. W. Kairu, C. P.K.O. Ogol, and Z. R. Khan

Effects of Neem Seed Derivatives on Brown Planthopper Symbiotes, S. Raguraman and R. C. Saxena

Effects of nitrogen and potassium combinations on yields and infestations of maize by Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the humid forest of Cameroon, Adenirin Chabi-Olaye, Fritz Schulthess, and Christian Borgemeister

Effects of permethrin-treated screens on phlebotomine sand flies, with reference to Phlebotomus martini (Diptera: Psychodidae)., M. Basimike and M. J. Mutinga

Effects of Pesticide Application on the Population Dynamics of Liriomyza Huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae) and its Parasitoids on Peas (Pisum Sativum) in Central Kenya, Mary Mwari Guantai

Effects of phytochemicals on predatory decision making in a spider, Ximena J. Nelson, Andrew J. Pratt, Stephen Abok Aluoch, and Robert R. Jackson

Effects of prey-spider odour on intraspecific interactions of araneophagic jumping spiders, Fiona R. Cross and Robert R. Jackson

Effects of rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on yield, size distribution and fatty acid of soybean seeds grown under drought stress, Nicholas O. Igiehon, Olubukola O. Babalola, Xavier Cheseto, and Baldwyn Torto

Effects of seedling age on colonization patterns of citrus limon plants by endophytic Beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae and their influence on seedlings growth, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Chandra Kanta Dash, Muhammad Qasim, Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila, Hafiza Javaria Ashraf, Wei Huang, Mubasher Hussain, Shiman Chen, and Liande Wang

Effects of shifting to crowded or solitary conditions on pheromone release and morphometrics of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Arop Leek Deng, Baldwyn Torto, Ahmed Hassanali, and E. E. Ali

Effects of Snowdrop Lectin on Mexican Rice Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Life History Parameters, M. Sétamou, J. S. Bernal, T. E. Mirkov, and J. C. Legaspi

Effects of Sorghum Density on Oviposition and Survival of the Sorghum Shoot Fly, Atherigona Soccata, Alex G.L. Delobel

Effects of sorghum density on oviposition and survival of the sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, Alex G.L. Delobel

Effects of temperature and photoperiod on development and oviposition of the legume flower thrips, megalurothrips sjostedti, S. Ekesi, N. K. Maniania, and I. Onu

Effects of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae on glossina fuscipes fuscipes in lake victoria island, Marco Brese

Effects of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae on glossina fuscipes fuscipes in lake victoria island, Marco Brese

Effects of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae on glossina fuscipes fuscipes in lake victoria island, Marco Brese

Effects of the invasive tomato red spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on growth and leaf yield of African nightshades, Lucy K. Murungi, Daisy Salifu, Peter Masinde, John Wesonga, Aggrey Nyende, and Markus Knapp

Effects of the juvenile hormone mimic nc-184 on the development of the reproductive organs and mating behaviour of nymphs of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Satoshi Hiroyoshi, Elizabeth Kokwaro, Sai Mettupalli, Takayuki Mitsunaga, Shigemi Yagi, and Gadi V.P. Reddy

Effects of traditional processing techniques on the nutritional and microbiological quality of four edible insect species used for food and feed in East Africa, Dorothy N. Nyangena, Christopher Mutungi, Samuel Imathiu, John Kinyuru, Hippolyte Affognon, Sunday Ekesi, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, and Komi K.M. Fiaboe

Effects of translocation on hematologic parameters of free-ranging black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli) in Kenya, Richard A. Kock, Stephen R.O. Mihok, John Wambua, Jacob Mwanzia, and Kazuo Saigawa

Effects of Tsetse DNA Virus Infection on the Survival of a Host Fly,Glossina morsitans centralis(Diptera; Glossinidae), Rosemary C. Sang, Walter G.Z.O. Jura, Leonard H. Otieno, Peter M. Tukei, and Richard W. Mwangi

Effects of Two Cultivated Brassica spp. on the Development and Performance of Diadegma semiclausum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Cotesia vestalis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Parasitizing Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in Kenya, Ruth Kahuthia-Gathu, Stephen T.O. Othim, and Joseph Munyaneza

Effects of two neem insecticide formulations on the attractiveness, acceptability and suitability of diamondback moth larvae to the parasitoid, Diadegma mollipla (Holmgren) (Hym., Ichneumonidae), A. M. Akol, Peter G.N. Njagi, S. Sithanantham, and J. M. Mueke

Effects of vector control on the population structure of tsetse (Glossina fuscipes fuscipes) in western Kenya, Njelembo J. Mbewe, Rajinder K. Saini, Baldwyn Torto, Janet Irungu, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, and Christian Pirk

Effects of vegetation and weather on trap catches of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes near Lake Victoria, Kenya, Mohamed M. Mohamed-Ahmed and Yno Wynholds

Effects of waste stream combinations from brewing industry on performance of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), Shaphan Y. Chia, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Isaac M. Osuga, Samira A. Mohamed, Fathiya M. Khamis, Daisy Salifu, Subramanian Sevgan, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Saliou Niassy, Joop J.A. van Loon, Marcel Dicke, and Sunday Ekesi

Effects of water stress, nitrogen stress and certain sensory stimuli on infestation and damage by Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) to maize, HARISH KUMAR

Effects on cattle of artificial infestations with the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, T. T. Dolan, M. P. Cunningham, R. D. Dransfield, R. M. Newson, and A. S. Young

Efficacy and efficiency of new Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis and Bacillus sphaericus formulations against Afrotropical anophelines in Western Kenya, Ulrike Fillinger, Bart G.J. Knols, and Norbert Becker

Efficacy of a mixture of neem seed oil (Azadirachta indica) and coconut oil (Cocos nucifera) for topical treatment of tungiasis. A randomized controlled, proof-of-principle study, Lynne Elson, Kithi Randu, Hermann Feldmeier, and Ulrike Fillinger

Efficacy of aqueous and oil formulations of a specific Metarhizium anisopliae isolate against Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) under field conditions, Allan Mweke, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Christian Ulrichs, Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe, Nguya Kalemba Maniania, and Sunday Ekesi

Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis, bacillus sphaericus and temephos for managing Anopheles larvae in Eritrea, J. I. Shililu, G. M. Tewolde, E. Brantly, J. I. Githure, C. M. Mbogo, J. C. Beier, R. Fusco, and R. J. Novak

Efficacy of banana fibre paper for the management of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on potato (Solanum tuberosum) in Kenya, Dorris W. Kamau, Wanjohi Waceke, Laura Cortada, Onesmus Mwaura, Tahira Pirzada, Tim L. Sit, Eric Davis, Dick Guenther, Reny Mathew, Lokendra Pal, Saad Khan, Solveig Haukeland, James Kisaakye, Charles Opperman, and Danny Coyne

Efficacy of Botanical Extract Formulations of Zanthroxylum usambarense and Warburgia ugandensis on Post-Harvest Management of Sitophilus zeamais in Maize, Rhonest Siroya Mpoke, Johnson Kinyua, Josephine Wambaire Kimani, Inusa Jacob Ajene, Paddy Likhayo, and Fathiya Mbarak Khamis

Efficacy of fish- and hydramethylnon-based baits for conservation of the African weaver ant Oecophylla longinoda (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) during cashew off-seasons in Tanzania, Moses I. Olotu, Hannalene Du Plessis, Zuberi S. Seguni, Sunday Ekesi, and Nguya K. Maniania

Efficacy of hot water treatment for postharvest control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, in French beans, Nelson L. Mwando, Shepard Ndlela, Sevgan Subramanian, Samira A. Mohamed, and Rainer Meyhöfer

Efficacy of insect nets for cabbage production and pest management depending on the net removal frequency and microclimate, S. Simon, F. Assogba Komlan, L. Adjaïto, A. Mensah, H. K. Coffi, M. Ngouajio, and T. Martin

Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae against the Greater Pumpkin Fly Dacus bivitattus, Thomas Dubois, Susan K. Onsongo, Evanson R. Omuse, Joseph A. Odhiambo, Komivi S. Akutse, and Samira A. Mohamed

Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae and (E)–2–hexenal combination using autodissemination technology for the management of the adult greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Vongai M. Paradza, Fathiya M. Khamis, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Sevgan Subramanian, and Komivi S. Akutse

Efficacy of Metarhizium Anisopliae icipe 78 and Acaricides in the Management of the two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus Urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), on French Beans, (Phaseolus Vulgaris l.), Ottilie T. Shivolo

Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae in controlling the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae on common bean in screenhouse and field experiments, David Mugisho Bugeme, Markus Knapp, Sunday Ekesi, Adenirin Chabi-Olaye, Hamadi Iddi Boga, and Nguya Kalemba Maniania

Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae, Isolate ICIPE 7, against Anopheles arabiensis, Glossina fuscipes, and Rhipicephalus spp., Fedinand Ong’wen, Margaret Mendi Njoroge, Ulrike Fillinger, Heike Lutermann, and Tullu Bukhari

Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae (Mechnikov) Sorokin ICIPE 69 against the melon fly Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) infesting courgette (Cucurbita pepo L.) in field cages, Thomas Dubois, Susan K. Onsongo, Joseph A. Odhiambo, Evanson R. Omuse, Komivi S. Akutse, and Samira A. Mohamed

Efficacy of neem chippings for mosquito larval control under field conditions, Susan S. Imbahale and Wolfgang R. Mukabana

Efficacy of neem seed derivatives against nematodes affecting banana, T. Musabyimana and R. C. Saxena

Efficacy of parapheromone traps in the protection of grafted mango orchards against fruit flies in Togo, Atti Tchabi, Abouwaliou Nafadjara Nadio, Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame, Magnim Essolakina Bokobana, Mondjonnesso Gomina, Agbéko Kodjo Tounou, and Komla Sanda

Efficacy of Single-Dose Primaquine with Artemisinin Combination Therapy on Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytes and Transmission: An Individual Patient Meta-Analysis, Kasia Stepniewska, Georgina S. Humphreys, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Elaine Craig, Roly Gosling, Philippe J. Guerin, Ric N. Price, Karen I. Barnes, Jaishree Raman, Menno R. Smit, Umberto D'Alessandro, Will J.R. Stone, Anders Bjorkman, Aaron M. Samuels, Maria I. Arroyo-Arroyo, Guido J.H. Bastiaens, Joelle M. Brown, Alassane Dicko, Badria B. El-Sayed, Salah Eldin G. Elzaki, Alice C. Eziefula, Simon Kariuki, Titus K. Kwambai, Amanda E. Maestre, Andreas Martensson, Dominic Mosha, Richard O. Mwaiswelo, and Billy E. Ngasala

Efficacy of soil application of metarhizium anisopliae and the use of gf-120 spinosad bait spray for suppression of bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) in mango orchards, S. Ekesi, N. K. Maniania, and S. A. Mohamed

Efficacy of spot-spray application of Metarhizium anisopliae formulated in emulsifiable extract of Calpurnia aurea in attracting and infecting adult Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks in semi-field experiments, Paulin Nana, Felix Nchu, Sunday Ekesi, Hamadi Iddo Boga, Pierre Kamtchouing, and Nguya Kalemba Maniania

Efficacy of the African weaver ant Oecophylla longinoda (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the control of Helopeltis spp. (Hemiptera: Miridae) and Pseudotheraptus wayi (Hemiptera: Coreidae) in cashew crop in Tanzania, Moses I. Olotu, Hannalene Du Plessis, Zuberi S. Seguni, and Nguya K. Maniania

Efficacy of Vectobac DT and culinexcombi against mosquito larvae in unused swimming pools in Malindi, Kenya, Samuel C. Kahindi, Janet T. Midega, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Lydiah W. Kibe, Joseph Nzovu, Peter Luethy, John Githure, and Charles M. Mbogo

Efficacy of Xanthopimpla stemmator against selected lepidopteran pest and its interaction with pupal endoparasitoid pediobius furvus in graminaceous plants in Kenya, Jamleck Muturi

Efficiencies of stationary sampling tools for the tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in western Kenya, Njelembo J. Mbewe, Catherine L. Sole, Christian W.W. Pirk, Daniel K. Masiga, and Abdullahi A. Yusuf

Efficiency and improved profitability of insect-based aquafeeds for farming nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus l.), Moses N. Wachira, Isaac M. Osuga, Jonathan M. Munguti, Mary K. Ambula, Sevgan Subramanian, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Efficiency of Food-Based Attractants for Monitoring Tephritid Fruit Flies Diversity and Abundance in Mango Systems Across Three West African Agro-Ecological Zones, Rachid Hanna, Désiré Gnanvossou, Georg Goergen, Aimé H. Bokonon-Ganta, Samira A. Mohamed, Sunday Ekesi, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Abiola I. Agnontchémè, and Nikolaos Papadopoulos

Efficiency of Phytoseiulus longipes evans as a control agent of Tetranychus evansi baker & pritchard (Acari: Phytoseiidae: Tetranychidae) on screenhouse tomatoes, Fernando R. da Silva, Gilberto J. de Moraes, Manoel G.C. Gondim, Markus Knapp, Sigrid L. Rouam, Jefferson L.A. Paes, and Guilherme M. de Oliveira

Efficiency of Xanthopimpla Stemmator against selected Lepidopteran Pest and its Interaction with Pupal Endoparasitoid Pediobius Furvus in Graminaceous Plants in Kenya, Jamleck Muturi John

Efficiency of Xanthopimpla Stemmator against selected Lepidopteran Pest and its Interaction with Pupal Endoparasitoid Pediobius Furvus in Graminaceous Plants in Kenya, Jamleck Muturi John

Efficient agri-food waste valorization using mealworm (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) into nutrient-rich biomass for food and feed, John P. Musembi, Eunice A. Owino, Florence A. Oyieke, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Dennis Beesigamukama, Sevgan Subramanian, Xavier Cheseto, and James P. Egonyu

Efficient Harvesting of Safe Edible Grasshoppers: Evaluation of Modified Drums and Light-Emitting Diode Bulbs for Harvesting Ruspolia differens (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in Uganda, F. Sengendo, S. Subramanian, M. Chemurot, C. M. Tanga, and J. P. Egonyu

Egg-laying decisions based on olfactory cues enhance offspring fitness in Stomoxys calcitrans L. (Diptera: Muscidae), Steve B.S. Baleba, Baldwyn Torto, Daniel Masiga, Christopher W. Weldon, and Merid N. Getahun

Egg parasitoids for augmentative biological control of lepidopteran vegetable pests in africa: research status and needs, S. Slthanantham, T. H. Abera, J. Baumgärtner, S. A. Hassan, B. Löhr, J. C. Monje, W. A. Overholt, A. V.N. Paul, Fang Hao Wan, and C. P.W. Zebitz

Egg parasitoids of noctuid stemborers on maize in Kenya, Yaovi Anani Bruce, Fritz Schulthess, Jones Mueke, and Linnet Gohole

Egg predators of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Col., Curculionidae) in western Kenya, A. M. Koppenhöfer

Ehrlichia spp. close to Ehrlichia ruminantium, Ehrlichia canis, and “Candidatus Ehrlichia regneryi” linked to heartwater-like disease in Kenyan camels (Camelus dromedarius), Mario Younan, Daniel O. Ouso, Boku Bodha, Edward K. Keitany, Hezron O. Wesonga, Rinah Sitawa, Joshua Kimutai, Wilson Kuria, Wario Sori Sake, Nicholas Svitek, Tobias Landmann, Diba Dida Wako, and Jandouwe Villinger

Eight decades of invasion by Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) and its biological control in West Africa: the story so far, Pascal Osa Aigbedion-Atalor, Medetissi Adom, Michael D. Day, Osariyekemwen Uyi, Ikponmwosa N. Egbon, Itohan Idemudia, Igho B. Igbinosa, Iain D. Paterson, Haruna Braimah, David D. Wilson, and Costas Zachariades

Electroantennogram and machine learning reveal a volatile blend mediating avoidance behavior by Tuta absoluta females to a wild tomato plant, Raphael Njurai Miano, Pascal Mahukpe Ayelo, Richard Musau, Ahmed Hassanali, and Samira A. Mohamed

Electron energy-loss spectroscopy and the crystal chemistry of rhodizite. Part 1. - Instrumentation and chemical analysis, W. Engel, H. Sauer, E. Zeitler, R. Brydson, B. G. Williams, and J. M. Thomas

Electron energy-loss spectroscopy and the crystal chemistry of rhodizite. Part 2. - Near-edge structure, R. Brydson, B. G. Williams, W. Engel, Th Lindner, M. Muhler, R. Schlögl, E. Zeitler, and J. M. Thomas

Electrophoretic and phylogenetic analyses of selected allopatric populations of the Cotesia flavipes complex (hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitoids of cereal stemborers, Susan W. Kimani-Njogu, William A. Overholt, James B. Woolley, and Charles O. Omwega

Electrophoretic study of enzymes from a glossina fuscipes fuscipes newstead population from western kenya, G. F. Rajendram

Electrophysiological and behavioral characterization of bioactive compounds of the Thymus vulgaris, Cymbopogon winterianus, Cuminum cyminum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oils against Anopheles gambiae and prospects for their use as bednet treatments, Emilie Deletre, Fabrice Chandre, Livy Williams, Claire Duménil, Chantal Menut, and Thibaud Martin

Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) to Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Volatiles, a Potential push Plant for Vegetable push-pull Cropping System, Bretor Katuku Mutua, Thomas Dubois, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Benjamin Muli, Edward Nderitu Karanja, and Daniel Munyao Mutyambai

ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSAY OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SEX PHEROMONES IN THE AFRICAN ARMYWORM MOTH, SPODOPTERA EXEMPTA, RUDOLF ALEXANDER STEINBRECHT

Electrophysiological responses of the lepidopterous stemborers Chilo partellus and Busseola fusca to volatiles from wild and cultivated host plants, M. A. Birkett, K. Chamberlain, Z. R. Khan, J. A. Pickett, T. Toshova, L. J. Wadhams, and C. M. Woodcock

Elicitation of Differential Responses in the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita to Tomato Root Exudate Cytokinin, Flavonoids, and Alkaloids, Hillary K. Kirwa, Lucy K. Murungi, John J. Beck, and Baldwyn Torto

El niño causes dramatic outbreak of Paederus dermatitis in East Africa, Ingeborg M.C.J. Van Schayk, Ruben O. Agwanda, John I. Githure, John C. Beier, and Bart G.J. Knols

Elucidation of the biosynthesis of the di-C-glycosylflavone isoschaftoside, an allelopathic component from Desmodium spp. that inhibits Striga spp. development, Mary L. Hamilton, Serge P. Kuate, Melissa Brazier-Hicks, John C. Caulfield, Ruth Rose, Robert Edwards, Baldwyn Torto, John A. Pickett, and Antony M. Hooper

Emerging properties of malaria transmission and persistence in urban Accra, Ghana: evidence from a participatory system approach, Merveille Koissi Savi, Daniel Callo-Concha, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, and Christian Borgemeister

Enabling modernisation, marginalising alternatives? Kenya's agricultural policy and smallholders, Fredrick Ajwang, Saurabh Arora, Joanes Atela, Joel Onyango, and Mohammad Kyari

Endemic grasshopper species distribution in an agro-natural landscape of the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa, Samuel Adu-Acheampong, Michael J. Samways, Tobias Landmann, Rosina Kyerematen, Richard Minkah, Mukundi Mukundamago, and Claude M. Moshobane

Endophytically colonized Citrus limon seedlings by Beauveria bassiana hampered development, reproduction and progeny fitness of Diaphorina citri, Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Jessica Paola Sánchez Moreano, Hafiza Javaria Ashraf, Chenghua Zhou, Xiaofang Li, and Liande Wang

Endophytic beauveria bassiana in foliar-treated citrus limon plants acting as a growth suppressor to three successive generations of diaphorina citri kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Chandra Kanta Dash, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Muhammad Qasim, Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila, Fangfei Wang, Ravindran Keppanan, and Liande Wang

Endophytic Colonisation of Solanum lycopersicum and Phaseolus vulgaris by Fungal Endophytes Promotes Seedlings Growth and Hampers the Reproductive Traits, Development, and Survival of the Greenhouse Whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Vongai M. Paradza, Fathiya M. Khamis, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Sevgan Subramanian, Sunday Ekesi, and Komivi S. Akutse

Endophytic colonization of onions induces resistance against viruliferous thrips and virus replication, Alexander Mutua Muvea, Sevgan Subramanian, Nguya Kalemba Maniania, Hans Michael Poehling, Sunday Ekesi, and Rainer Meyhöfer

Endophytic colonization of Vicia faba and Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae) by fungal pathogens and their effects on the life-history parameters of Liriomyza huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae), K. S. Akutse, N. K. Maniania, K. K.M. Fiaboe, J. Van den Berg, and S. Ekesi

Endophytic effects of Aspergillus oryzae on radish (Raphanus sativus) and its herbivore, Plutella xylostella, Bo Tong Sun, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Xiao Feng Xia, Jun Hui Chen, Xin Ai, Yang Tang, Qian Wang, Bo Wen Feng, Mark S. Goettel, and Min Sheng You

Endophytic fungi improve management of the burrowing nematode in banana (Musa spp.) through enhanced expression of defence-related genes, James Kisaakye, Hendrika Fourie, Danny Coyne, Laura Cortada, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, Sevgan Subramanian, Shirlyne Masinde, and Solveig Haukeland

Endophytic fungi protect tomato and nightshade plants against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) through a hidden friendship and cryptic battle, Ayaovi Agbessenou, Komivi S. Akutse, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Sunday Ekesi, Sevgan Subramanian, and Fathiya M. Khamis

Endophytic fungi: versatile partners for pest biocontrol, growth promotion, and climate change resilience in plants, Tarekegn Fite, Erana Kebede, Tadele Tefera, and Zelalem Bekeko

Endophytic Non-Pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum-Derived Dual Benefit for Nematode Management and Improved Banana (Musa spp.) Productivity, James Kisaakye, Hendrika Fourie, Solveig Haukeland, Joseph Kisitu, Solomy Nakimera, Laura Cortada, Sevgan Subramanian, and Danny Coyne

Endophytic Potential and Larvicidal Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Fungi against the Spotted Stem Borer, Chilo partellus, Denberu Kebede, Tesfaye Alemu, and Tadele Tefera

Enhancement of Diapause Development in a Stem Borer, Busseola fusca (Lep.: Noctuidae) by Dry Conditions, Takashi Okuda

Enhancement of fruit quality in Capsicum annum through pollination by Hypotrigona gribodoi in Kakamega, Western Kenya, Nkoba Kiatoko, Suresh Kumar Raina, Elliud Muli, and Jone Mueke

Enhancement of Oviposition by Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Maize Plants by Larval Infestation, Harish Kumar

Enhancement of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) postharvest quality by use of magnetic fields – A case of shangi potato variety, Francis G. Irungu, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Francis G. Ndiritu, Simon G. Mathenge, Fredrick G. Kiruki, and Symon M. Mahungu

Enhancement of synchronization in inter-intra-connected neuronal networks, F. M. Moukam Kakmeni and V. M. Nguemaha

Enhancing Attraction of African Malaria Vectors to a Synthetic Odor Blend, Collins K. Mweresa, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Philemon Omusula, Bruno Otieno, Joop J.A. Van Loon, and Willem Takken

Enhancing Cowpea Production through Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation and Wide Interspecific Crosses, Marjorie Bonareri Oruru

Enhancing sustainable agri-food systems using multi-nutrient fertilizers in Kenyan smallholder farming systems, Ivan S. Adolwa, James Mutegi, Joses Muthamia, Angela Gitonga, Samuel Njoroge, Abednego Kiwia, Dismas Manoti, Franklin S. Mairura, and Eileen B. Nchanji

Enhancing the use of underutilized food crops: Partnerships in a success story of a pop cereal business in Kenya, Yasuyuki Morimoto, Patrick Maundu, Elizaphan Gichangi Mahinda, and Daniel Kirori

Enhancing vector refractoriness to trypanosome infection: Achievements, challenges and perspectives, Henry M. Kariithi, Irene K. Meki, Daniela I. Schneider, Linda De Vooght, Fathiya M. Khamis, Anne Geiger, Guler Demirbaş-Uzel, Just M. Vlak, Ikbal Agah Ince, Sorge Kelm, Flobert Njiokou, Florence N. Wamwiri, Imna I. Malele, Brian L. Weiss, and Adly M.M. Abd-Alla

Enrichment, isolation and characterization of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) microbial degraders from soils in kenya, Julius Kinuthia Mwangi

Enrichment of a single clone from a high diversity library of phage-displayed antibodies by panning with Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) midgut homogenate, G. F. Killeen, B. D. Foy, R. H. Frohn, D. Impoinvil, A. Williams, and J. C. Beier

Entomological assessment of dengue virus transmission risk in three urban areas of Kenya, Sheila B. Agha, David P. Tchouassi, Michael J. Turell, Armanda D.S. Bastos, and Rosemary Sang

Entomological assessment of tsetse-borne trypanosome risk in the Shimba Hills human-wildlife-livestock interface, Kenya, Faith I. Ebhodaghe, Armanda D.S. Bastos, Michael N. Okal, and Daniel K. Masiga

Entomopathogenic fungi as endophytes for biological control of subterranean termite pests attacking cocoa seedlings, Chaba F. Ambele, Sunday Ekesi, Hervé D.B. Bisseleua, Olubukola O. Babalola, Fathiya M. Khamis, Christian T.L. Djuideu, and Komivi S. Akutse

Entomopathogenic fungus isolates for adult Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) management and their compatibility with Tuta pheromone, Komivi S. Akutse, Sevgan Subramanian, Fathiya M. Khamis, Sunday Ekesi, and Samira A. Mohamed

Entomopathogenicity of hyphomycete fungi to fruit fly bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their potential for biological control on mango, Elizabeth Awuor Ouna

Entomopathogens Routinely Used in Pest Control Strategies: Orchards in Tropical Climate, N. K. Maniania, S. Ekesi, and C. Dolinski

Entomophagy in western Kenya: consumption patterns and the role of psychological and socio-cultural factors, K. Mulungu, I. Macharia, Z. Abro, M. Kassie, and C. Tanga

Environmental abundance of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) larval habitats on land cover change sites in Karima Village, Mwea rice scheme, Kenya, Benjamin G. Jacob, Ephantus Muturi, Patrick Halbig, Joseph Mwangangi, R. K. Wanjogu, Enock Mpanga, Jose Funes, Josephat Shililu, John Githure, James L. Regens, and Robert J. Novak

Environmental covariates of Anopheles arabiensis in a rice agroecosystem in Mwea, Central Kenya, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Ephantus J. Muturi, Josephat I. Shililu, Simon Muriu, Benjamin Jacob, Ephantus W. Kabiru, Charles M. Mbogo, John I. Githure, and Robert J. Novak

Environmental factors associated with the distribution of Anopheles arabiensis and Culex quinquefasciatus in a rice agro-ecosystem in Mwea, Kenya, Ephantus J. Muturi, Joseph Mwangangi, Josephat Shililu, Benjamin G. Jacob, Charles Mbogo, John Githure, and Robert J. Novak

Enzymatic activity of endophytic bacterial isolates from selected Mangrove plants in Kenya, Regina M. Ntabo, Anthony Kebira Nyamache, Wilber Lwande, James Kabii, and James Nonoh

Enzyme-catalyzed kinetic resolution of racemic 1-octen-3-ol and field evaluation of its enantiomeric isomers as attractants of sandflies, David P. Tchouassi, Juliah W. Jacob, Xavier Cheseto, Lydia S. Chepkemoi, Iman B. Hassaballa, and Baldwyn Torto

Enzyme polymorphism in populations of the tsetse fly Glossina pallidipes in Kenya, JAAP VAN ETTEN

Enzyme polymorphism in populations of the tsetse fly Glossina pallidipes in Kenya, Jaap Van Etten

Epidemiology of leishmaniases in Kenya. Natural host preference of wild caught phlebotomine sandflies in Baringo District, Kenya, M. J. Mutinga, M. Basimike, C. C. Kamau, and C. M. Mutero

Epidemiology of tick-borne pathogens of cattle and tick control practices in coastal Kenya, Joseph Wang ang’a Oundo, Daniel Masiga, Quirine ten Bosch, Jandouwe Villinger, Constantianus J.M. Koenraadt, and Shewit Kalayou

Epizootiological importance of Glossina morsitans submorsitans (Diptera: Glossinidae) (Newstead) in the Ghibe River Valley, Southwest Ethiopia, Merid Negash, Melaku Girma, and Emiru Seyoum

Eradication of Anopheles gambiae from Brazil: Lessons for malaria control in Africa?, Gerry F. Killeen, Ulrike Fillinger, Ibrahim Kiche, Louis C. Gouagna, and Bart G.J. Knols

Erratum to "Mycoplasma feriruminatoris sp. nov., a fast growing Mycoplasma species isolated from wild Caprinae" [Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 36, (2013), 533-538] doi: 10.1016/j.syapm.2013.07.005, Joerg Jores, Anne Fischer, Pascal Sirand-Pugnet, Andreas Thomann, Elisabeth M. Liebler-Tenorio, Christiane Schnee, Ivette Santana-Cruz, Martin Heller, and Joachim Frey

Erratum to: Nestmate recognition and the role of cuticular hydrocarbons in the African termite raiding ant pachycondyla analis (J Chem Ecol, (2010), 36, (441-448), 10.1007/s10886-010-9774-6), Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Christian W.W. Pirk, Robin M. Crewe, Peter G.N. Njagi, Ian Gordon, and Baldwyn Torto

Essential oil constituents of artemisia afra willd, Julius W. Mwangi, Kohath J. Achola, Kipruto A. Sinei, Wilber Lwande, and R. Laurent

Essential oil constituents of Sphaeranthus cyathuloides O. Hoffm., J. W. Mwangi, K. J. Achola, R. Laurent, W. Lwande, and A. Hassanali

Essential oil of Ocimum grattissimum (Labiatae) as Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) protectant, E. F. Asawalam, S. O. Emosairue, and A. Hassanali

Essential oils of indigenous plants protect livestock from infestations of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and other tick species in herds grazing in natural pastures in western Kenya, Wycliffe Wanzala, Ahmed Hassanali, Wolfgang Richard Mukabana, and Willem Takken

Essential oils of Kenyan Lippia species. Part III, J. W. Mwangi, I. Addae‐Mensah, R. M. Munavu, and W. Lwande

Essential oils of lippia species in Kenya. IV: Maize weevil (sitophilus zeamais) repellancy and larvicidal activity, J. W. Mwangi, I. Addae-Mensah, G. Muriuki, R. Munavu, W. Lwande, and A. Hassanali

Essential oils of Tagetes minuta and Tithonia diversifolia affect host location behaviour and on-host attachment site preference of the brown ear tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in the semi-field studies, Wycliffe Wanzala, Ahmed Hassanali, Wolfgang Richard Mukabana, Willem Takken, and Sheila Iminza Minyoso

Essential oils of two Lippia ukambensis vatke chemotypes and Lippia somalensis vatke in kenya, J. W. Mwangi, I. Addae-Mensah, R. M. Munavu, and W. Lwande

Establishing a science-policy-society interface for biodiversity conservation and human well-being in the Amazon: The case of Madre de Dios, Peru, S. L. Mathez-Stiefel, A. J. Mulanovich, S. Jaquet, S. Bieri, J. Lojas, T. Breu, and P. Messerli

Establishment and dispersal of Cotesia flavipes (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an exotic endoparasitoid of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in northern Tanzania, C. O. Omwega, W. A. Overholt, J. C. Mbapila, and S. W. Kimani-Njogu

Establishment and spread of Cotesia flavipes Cameron: Implication on the local population of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) across three agro-ecological zones in Kenya, Esther Adhiambo Abonyo, George Otieno Ongámo, Catherine Wanjiru Lukhoba, Gideon Nzioka Nyamasyo, and Bruno Le Ru Pierre

Establishment of fungus comb in Laboratory colonies of Macrotermes michaelseni and Odontotermes montanus (Isoptera, Macrotermitinae), Robert Sieber

Estimating dispersal and survival of anopheles gambiae and anopheles funestus along the Kenyan coast by using mark-release-recapture methods, Janet T. Midega, Charles M. Mbogo, Henry Mwambi, Michael D. Wilson, Gordon Ojwang, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Joseph G. Nzovu, John I. Githure, Guiyun Yan, and John C. Beier

Estimating maize lethal necrosis (MLN) severity in Kenya using multispectral high-resolution data, Kyalo Richard, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Sevgan Subramanian, Johnson O. Nyasani, Michael Thiel, Hossein J. Jozani, Christian Borgemeister, Bester T. Mudereri, and Tobias Landmann

Estimating reproductive success of Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in honey bee colonies by trapping emigrating larvae, Richard T. Arbogast, Baldwyn Torto, Steve Willms, Ayuka T. Fombong, Adrian Duehl, and Peter E.A. Teal

Estimating returns to fertilizer adoption with unobserved heterogeneity: Evidence from Ethiopia, Tesfamicheal Wossen, Tsegaye T. Gatiso, and Menale Kassie

Estimating Swiss chard foliar macro- and micronutrient concentrations under different irrigation water sources using ground-based hyperspectral data and four partial least squares (PLS)-based (PLS1, PLS2, SPLS1 and SPLS2) regression algorithms, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Onisimo Mutanga, John Odindi, Elhadi Adam, Alfred Odindo, and Riyad Ismail

Estimating the Demographic Parameters of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Using Temperature-Dependent Development Models and Their Validation under Fluctuating Temperature, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag, Francis Obala, and Shepard Ndlela

Estimating the impact of biological control of maize stemborers on productivity and poverty in Kenya: a continuous treatment approach, Soul kifouly G. Midingoyi, Menale B. Kassie, Hippolyte D. Affognon, Ibrahim Macharia, and Bruno LeRu

Estimation of the efficiency of the biconical trap for Glossina fuscipes fuscipes along the Lake Victoria shore, Kenya, Adedapo Odulaja and Mohamed M. Mohamed-Ahmed

Estimation of the minimum number of Leishmania major amastigotes required for infecting Phlebotomus duboscqi (Diptera: Psychodidae), C. Anjili, B. Langat, R. Lugalia, P. Mwanyumba, P. Ngumbi, P. A. Mbati, J. Githure, and W. K. Tonui

Estimation of the survival rate and oviposition cycle of field populations of malaria vectors in Kenya., C. M. Mutero and M. H. Birley

Ethnic groups’ knowledge, attitude and practices and Rift Valley fever exposure in Isiolo County of Kenya, Hippolyte Affognon, Peter Mburu, Osama Ahmed Hassan, Sarah Kingori, Clas Ahlm, Rosemary Sang, and Magnus Evander

Ethnoknowledge of Bukusu community on livestock tick prevention and control in Bungoma district, western Kenya, Wycliffe Wanzala, Willem Takken, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Achola O. Pala, and Ahmed Hassanali

Ethnoveterinary medicine: A critical review of its evolution, perception, understanding and the way forward, W. Wanzala, K. H. Zessin, N. M. Kyule, M. P.O. Baumann, E. Mathias, and A. Hassanali

Ethylene and Benzaldehyde Emitted from Postharvest Tomatoes Inhibit Botrytis cinerea via Binding to G-Protein Coupled Receptors and Transmitting with cAMP-Signal Pathway of the Fungus, Yongwen Lin, Hongchun Ruan, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Baochun Lai, Yizhang Lin, Youming Hou, and Fenglin Zhong

Ethylene Response Factor (ERF) genes modulate plant root exudate composition and the attraction of plant parasitic nematodes, Steven Dyer, Ryan Weir, Deborah Cox, Xavier Cheseto, Baldwyn Torto, and Johnathan J. Dalzell

EU food safety standards, pesticide use and farm-level productivity: The case of high-value crops in Kenya, Solomon Asfaw, Dagmar Mithöfer, and Hermann Waibel

Evaluating antibacterial and antioxidant properties of sericin recovered from cocoons of Bombyx mori, Gonometa postica and Samia ricini in Kenya, Mwangi G. Kanyora, Timothy M. Kegode, Justus Kurgat, Harrison Kibogo, George Asudi, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Workneh Ayalew, Subramanian Sevgan, and Nelly Ndungu

Evaluating effectiveness of screening house eaves as a potential intervention for reducing indoor vector densities and malaria prevalence in Nyabondo, western Kenya, Peter Njoroge Ng'Ang'A, Collins Okoyo, Charles Mbogo, and Clifford Maina Mutero

Evaluating livestock farmers knowledge, beliefs, and management of arboviral diseases in kenya: A multivariate fractional probit approach, Paul Nyamweya Nyangau, Jonathan Makau Nzuma, Patrick Irungu, and Menale Kassie

Evaluating putative repellent ‘push’ and attractive ‘pull’ components for manipulating the odour orientation of host-seeking malaria vectors in the peri-domestic space, Margaret Mendi Njoroge, Ulrike Fillinger, Adam Saddler, Sarah Moore, Willem Takken, Joop J.A. van Loon, and Alexandra Hiscox

Evaluating the effect of honeybee pollination on production of watermelon (Citrullus lantatus), in Northern Ethiopia, Bereket Fekadie, Awraris Getachew, Workneh Ayalew, and Abebe Jenberie

Evaluating the efficacy, impact, and feasibility of community-based house screening as a complementary malaria control intervention in southern Africa: a study protocol for a household randomized trial, Onyango P. Sangoro, Ulrike Fillinger, Kochelani Saili, Theresia Estomih Nkya, Rose Marubu, Freddie Masaninga, Sonia Casimiro Trigo, Casper Tarumbwa, Busiku Hamainza, Candrinho Baltazar, Joseph Mberikunashe, Brian Chisanga, Kassie Menale, Emmanuel Chanda, and Clifford Maina Mutero

Evaluating the efficacy of Mazao Tickoff (Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 7) in controlling natural tick infestations on cattle in coastal Kenya: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial, Joseph Wang’ang’a Oundo, Daniel Masiga, Michael Nyang’anga Okal, Gebbiena M. Bron, Komivi S. Akutse, Sevgan Subramanian, Quirine ten Bosch, Constantianus J.M. Koenraadt, and Shewit Kalayou

Evaluating the growth and cost–benefit analysis of feeding improved indigenous chicken with diets containing black soldier fly larva meal, Mwangi K. Waithaka, Isaac M. Osuga, Lucy W. Kabuage, Sevgan Subramanian, Beatrice Muriithi, Ann M. Wachira, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Evaluating the impact of larviciding with Bti and community education and mobilization as supplementary integrated vector management interventions for malaria control in Kenya and Ethiopia, Clifford M. Mutero, Collins Okoyo, Melaku Girma, Joseph Mwangangi, Lydia Kibe, Peter Ng’ang’a, Dereje Kussa, Gracious Diiro, Hippolyte Affognon, and Charles M. Mbogo

Evaluating the mitochondrial genomic diversity, global distribution and niche overlap of two invasive Phthorimaea species, Inusa Jacob Ajene, Helen Heya, and Fathiya Mbarak Khamis

Evaluating the sequential masking classification approach for improving crop discrimination in the Sudanian Savanna of West Africa, Gerald Forkuor, Christopher Conrad, Michael Thiel, Tobias Landmann, and Boubacar Barry

Evaluating the vector competence of Aedes simpsoni sl from Kenyan coast for Ngari and Bunyamwera viruses, James Mutisya, Michael Kahato, Francis Mulwa, Solomon Langat, Edith Chepkorir, Samuel Arum, David Tchouassi, Rosemary Sang, and Joel Lutomiah

Evaluation of 2-Butanone as a Substitute for Carbon Dioxide in Malaria Mosquito Attractants, Monicah M. Mburu

Evaluation of acaricide-treated string curtains for control of two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on greenhouse roses and impact of the string curtain on the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae), Emilie M. Deletre, Romain Bonafos, and Thibaud Martin

Evaluation of african maize cultivars for resistance to fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae, Xavier Chiriboga Morales, Amanuel Tamiru, Islam S. Sobhy, Toby J.A. Bruce, Charles A.O. Midega, and Zeyaur Khan

Evaluation of banana cultivars for resistance to the banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus and nematode complex in Western Kenya, T. Musabyimana, K. V. Seshu Reddy, L. Ngode, and J. S. Prasad

Evaluation of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Bacillus thuringiensis for the management of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory and field conditions, Tarekegn Fite, Tadele Tefera, Mulugeta Negeri, Tebekew Damte, and Waktole Sori

Evaluation of Biopesticides in Control of Red Spider Mites ( Tetranychus Evansi) on Tomatoes Lycopersicum Esculenlum, Gladys Kithusi

Evaluation of Biopesticides in Control of Red Spider Mites ( Tetranychus Evansi) on Tomatoes Lycopersicum Esculenlum, Gladys Kithusi

Evaluation of biorational insecticides and DNA barcoding as tools to improve insect pest management in lablab bean (Lablab purpureus) in Bangladesh, Margaret R. Douglas, Jan Chang, Kohinoor Begum, Sevgan Subramanian, John F. Tooker, Syed Nurul Alam, and Srinivasan Ramasamy

Evaluation of coloured traps with kairomone attractant for monitoring thrips population dynamics on tomato crop in East Africa, Alexander Mutua Muvea, Helen Lydia Kutima, Zipporah Osiemo Lagat, Monicah Waiganjo, and Sevgan Subramanian

Evaluation of commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculants, A. Faye, Y. Dalpé, K. Ndung'u-Magiroi, J. Jefwa, I. Ndoye, M. Diouf, and D. Lesueur

Evaluation of commercial trap types and lures on the population dynamics of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its effects on non-targets insects, Tarekegn Fite, Tebekew Damte, Tadele Tefera, and Mulugeta Negeri

Evaluation of Consumer Willingness to Pay for Chicken Eggs Produced from Commercial Black Soldier Fly (Hermatia Illucens) Larvae Based Feed in Kiambu County Kenya, Colleta Nabwile Khaemba

Evaluation of different cocoon stifling methods on raw silk quality, Everlyn K. Nguku, Sueresh K. Raina, Keren G. Mburugu, and Olive M. Mugenda

Evaluation of Different Management options of Fall Armyworm, (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Assessment of its Parasitoids in Some Parts of Ethiopia, Birhanu Sisay

Evaluation of DSSAT-MANIHOT-Cassava model to determine potential irrigation benefits for cassava in Jamaica, Dale Rankine, Jane Cohen, Fradian Murray, Patricia Moreno-Cadena, Gerrit Hoogenboom, Jayaka Campbell, Michael Taylor, and Tannecia Stephenson

Evaluation of Entomopathogenic effects of the Fungi, Metarhizium Anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana for Biological control of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) Decoloratus, Mercy M. Murigu

Evaluation of environmental data for identification of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) aquatic larval habitats in Kisumu and Malindi, Kenya, Benjamin G. Jacob, Kristopher L. Arheart, Daniel A. Griffith, Charles M. Mbogo, Andrew K. Githeko, James L. Regens, John I. Githure, Robert Novak, and John C. Beier

Evaluation of farmers' field days as a dissemination tool for push-pull technology in Western Kenya, David M. Amudavi, Zeyaur R. Khan, Japhether M. Wanyama, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy Pittchar, Ahmed Hassanali, and John A. Pickett

Evaluation of four sampling techniques for surveillance of culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: Culicidae) and other mosquitoes in African rice agroecosystems, Ephantus J. Muturi, Joseph Mwangangi, Josephat Shililu, Simon Muriu, Benjamin Jacob, Charles M. Mbogo, Githure John, and Robert Novak

Evaluation of health surveillance system attributes: the case of neglected tropical diseases in Kenya, Arthur K.S. Ng’etich, Kuku Voyi, and Clifford M. Mutero

Evaluation of improved coloured targets to control riverine tsetse in east africa: A bayesian approach, Roger D. Santer, Michael N. Okal, Johan Esterhuizen, and Steve J. Torr

Evaluation of infection and treatment methods in immunization of improved cattle against theileriosis in an endemic area of Kenya, A. S. Young, B. L. Leitch, T. T. Dolan, S. K. Mbogo, S. G. Ndungu, J. G. Grootenhuis, and J. J. De Castro

Evaluation of Knowledge and Practices of Managing Citrus Pests And Diseases and the Willingness to pay for an Integrated Pest Management Strategy in Selected Counties in Kenya, Dorothy Wangui Gitahi

Evaluation of Knowledge and Practices of Managing Citrus Pests And Diseases and the Willingness to pay for an Integrated Pest Management Strategy in Selected Counties in Kenya, Dorothy Wangui Gitahi

Evaluation of Knowledge and Practices of Managing Citrus Pests And Diseases and the Willingness to pay for an Integrated Pest Management Strategy in Selected Counties in Kenya, Dorothy Wangui Gitahi

Evaluation of low density polyethylene and nylon for delivery of synthetic mosquito attractants, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Collins K. Mweresa, Philemon Omusula, Benedict O. Orindi, Renate C. Smallegange, Joop Ja Van Loon, and Willem Takken

Evaluation of maize (zea mays l.) genotypes as a component of integrated stem borer (chilo partellus swinhoe) management in coastal region of Kenya, S. O. Ajala, A. M. Nour, K. Ampong-Nyarko, and M. O. Odindo

Evaluation of Modified Collection drums and light emitting Diode Bulbs for Trapping the Edible Long-hornedgrasshopper, Ruspolia differens (serville) in Uganda, Francis Sengendo

Evaluation of mortality factors and risk analysis for the design of an integrated pest management system, Olivier Roux and Johann Baumgärtner

Evaluation of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) varieties for use as trap plants for the management of African stemborer (Busseola fusca) in a push-pull strategy, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Lester J. Wadhams, John A. Pickett, and Abdulai Mumuni

Evaluation of native isolates of Basillus thuringiensis and Metarhizium anisopliae for the control of plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), Kahuro Thumbi

Evaluation of native isolates of Basillus thuringiensis and Metarhizium anisopliae for the control of plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), Kahuro Thumbi

Evaluation of native isolates of Basillus thuringiensis and Metarhizium anisopliae for the control of plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), Kahuro Thumbi

Evaluation of neem formulations for the control of selected pests of French beans (phaseolus vulgaris. L.), Ruth Gathu Kahuthia

Evaluation of Ocimum kenyense (Ayobangira) as source of repellents, toxicants and protectants in storage against three major stored product insect pests, A. J. Bekele, D. Obeng-Ofori, and A. Hassanali

Evaluation of ocimum suave (willd) as a source of repellents, toxicants and protectants in storage against three stored product insect pests, A. J. Bekele, D. Obeng-Ofori, and A. Hassanali

Evaluation of onion (Allium cepa) germplasm entries for resistance to onion thrips, Thrips tabaci (Lindeman) in Tanzania, Gabriel Michael Njau, Agnes M.S. Nyomora, Fekadu Fufa Dinssa, Jian Cheng Chang, P. Malini, S. Subramanian, and R. Srinivasan

Evaluation of persistence and relative toxicity of some pest control products to adults of two native trichogrammatid species in Kenya, G. Momanyi, R. Maranga, S. Sithanantham, S. Agong, C. M. Matoka, and S. A. Hassan

Evaluation of personal protection afforded by repellent-treated sandals against mosquito bites in south-eastern Tanzania, Onyango P. Sangoro, Tegemeo Gavana, Marceline Finda, Winfrida Mponzi, Emmanuel Hape, Alex Limwagu, Nicodem J. Govella, Prosper Chaki, and Fredros O. Okumu

Evaluation of pheromone lures, trap designs and placement heights for monitoring the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize fields of Kenya, Birhanu Sisay, Sevgan Subramanian, Christopher W. Weldon, Kerstin Krüger, Fathiya Khamis, Tadele Tefera, Baldwyn Torto, and Amanuel Tamiru

Evaluation of raw silk produced by bivoltine silkworm bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) races in Kenya, E. K. Nguku, V. V. Adolkar, S. K. Raina, K. G. Mburugu, and O. M. Mugenda

Evaluation of some formulations of Nosema marucae for the control of Chilo partellus (Lep., Pyralidae), M. O. Odindo and M. Opondo Mbai

Evaluation of textile substrates for dispensing synthetic attractants for malaria mosquitoes, Collins K. Mweresa, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Philemon Omusula, Bruno Otieno, Tom Gheysens, Willem Takken, and Joop Ja Van Loon

Evaluation of the distribution and impacts of parasites, pathogens, and pesticides on honey bee (apis mellifera) populations in east Africa, Elliud Muli, Harland Patch, Maryann Frazier, James Frazier, Baldwyn Torto, Tracey Baumgarten, Joseph Kilonzo, James Ng ang a. Kimani, Fiona Mumoki, Daniel Masiga, James Tumlinson, and Christina Grozinger

Evaluation of the entomopathogenic fungi metarhizium anisopliae, beauveria bassiana and isaria sp. for the management of aphis craccivora (hemiptera: Aphididdae), Allan Mweke, Christian Ulrichs, Paulin Nana, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe, Nguya Kalemba Maniania, and Sunday Ekesi

Evaluation of the entomopathogenic potential of beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae and isaria fumosorosea for management of cosmopolites sordidus germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), James Kisaakye, Hendrika Fourie, Danny Coyne, Laura Cortada, Shirlyne Masinde, Sevgan Subramanian, and Solveig Haukeland

Evaluation of the impact of Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera :Braconidae) and indeginous parasitoids on stemborer populations in southwestern Kenya., Kennedy Okoth Ogedah

Evaluation of the impact of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata on Bactrocera invadens and five African fruit fly species, S. A. Mohamed, S. Ekesi, and R. Hanna

Evaluation of the influence of electric nets on the behaviour of oviposition site seeking Anopheles gambiae s.s, Sisay Dugassa, Jenny M. Lindh, Steve J. Torr, Steven W. Lindsay, and Ulrike Fillinger

Evaluation of the Quality changes of Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties during storage in Hermetic Polyethylene Bags, Micah Rambeka Momanyi

Evaluation of the residual efficacy of permethrin-impregnated screens used against mosquitoes in Marigat, Baringo District, Kenya, M. J. Mutinga, D. M. Renapurkar, D. W. Wachira, C. M. Mutero, and M. Basimike

Evaluation of the solar-powered Silver Bullet 2.1 (Lumin 8) light trap for sampling malaria vectors in western Kenya, Oscar Mbare, Margaret Mendi Njoroge, Fedinand Ong’wen, Tullu Bukhari, and Ulrike Fillinger

Evaluation of three formulations of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. for control of the stem borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lep., Pyralidae), N. K. Maniania

Evaluation of various mulberry Morus spp. (Moraceae) cultivars for the rearing of the bivoltine hybrid race Shaanshi BV-333 of the silkworm Bombyx mon (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), V. V. Adolkar, S. K. Raina, and D. M. Kimbu

Evaluation of volatiles from ethnobotanical plants as attractants for the honey bee swarms in Kenya, John Bwire Ochola, Beatrice Tchuidjang Nganso, Sevgan Subramanian, and Kiatoko Nkoba

Evaluation of Yield, Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils of Tagetes Minuta L. (Asteraceae) Against Selected Phytopathogens, Martin .. Gakuubi

Evaluation of Yield, Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils of Tagetes Minuta L. (Asteraceae) Against Selected Phytopathogens, Martin .. Gakuubi

Evarcha culicivora chooses blood-fed Anopheles mosquitoes but other East African jumping spiders do not, R. R. Jackson and X. J. Nelson

Evarcha culicivora sp. nov., a mosquito-eating jumping spider from East Africa (Araneae: Salticidae), Wanda Wesołowska and Robert R. Jackson

Evidence-based advice on timing and location of tsetse control measures in Shimba Hills National reserve, Kenya, Stella Gachoki, Thomas A. Groen, Anton Vrieling, Andrew Skidmore, and Daniel Masiga

Evidence for a compound in Comstock-Kellog glands modulating premating behavior in male desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, Peter G.N. Njagi and B. Torto

Evidence for additional pheromonal components mediating oviposition aggregation in schistocerca gregaria, Baldwyn Torto, Yousif O.H. Assad, Peter G.N. Njagi, and Ahmed Hassanali

Evidence for competitive displacement of ceratitis cosyra by the invasive fruit fly bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) on mango and mechanisms contributing to the displacement, Sunday Ekesi, Maxwell K. Billah, Peterson W. Nderitu, Slawomir A. Lux, and Ivan Rwomushana

Evidence for mediation of two releaser pheromones in the aggregation behavior of the gregarious desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (forskal) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Daniel Obeng-Ofori, Baldwyn Torto, and Ahmed Hassanali

Evidence for potential of managing some African fruit fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) using the mango fruit fly host-marking pheromone, Donald L. Kachigamba, Sunday Ekesi, Mary W. Ndung'U, Linus M. Gitonga, Peter E.A. Teal, and Baldwyn Torto

Evidence for the involvement of a tsetse midgut lectin-trypsin complex in differentiation of bloodstream-form trypanosomes, L. U. Abubakar, G. Zimba, C. Wells, F. Mulaa, and E. O. Osir

Evidence for the presence of ecdysteroids and preliminary characterization of their carrier proteins in the eggs of the brown ear tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Neumann), D. L. Whitehead, E. W. Osir, F. D. Obenchain, and L. S. Thomas

Evidence for volatile male-produced pheromone in banana weevil Cosmopolites sordidus, William J. Budenberg, Isaiah O. Ndiege, and Florence W. Karago

Evidence of adaptation of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), to pea, Pisum sativum L., Bernhard Löhr and Ruth Gathu

Evidence of Aggregation-Sex Pheromone Use by Longhorned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Species Native to Africa, Bridget Bobadoye, Baldwyn Torto, Ayuka Fombong, Yunfan Zou, Karl Adlbauer, Lawrence M. Hanks, and Jocelyn G. Millar

Evidence of antibiosis resistance to the spotted stemborer, chilo partellus (swinhoe) in a maize (zea mays l.) population, C. J.M. Mutinda, K. N. Saxena, S. O. Ajala, and P. O. Aviecho

Evidence of hormonal control of ovulation in tsetse flies, M. F.B. Chaudhury and T. S. Dhadialla

Evidence of the establishment of Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of cereal stemborers, and its host range expansion in Ethiopia, E. Getu, W. A. Overholt, E. Kairu, and C. O. Omwega

Evidence of the establishment of Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in continental Africa, C. O. Omwega, S. W. Kimani, W. A. Overholt, and C. K.P.O. Ogol

Evidence that olfaction-based affinity for particular plant species is a special characteristic of Evarcha culicivora, a mosquito-specialist jumping spider, Ximena J. Nelson and Robert R. Jackson

Evolution and diagnostic potential of major surface proteases from trypanosoma Vivax, T.Brucei Brucei and T.Congolense, Eunice M. Machuka

Evolutionary genomics at the human-environment interface in Africa, Hannes Svardal, Bosco Rusuwa, Tyler Linderoth, Anmol Kiran, Anne Charmantier, H. Michael G. Lattorff, Alex Cagan, Sheila C. Ommeh, Arox Kamng'ona, Cyprian Katongo, M. Emília Santos, Richard Durbin, Benjamin Kumwenda, Peter M. Visscher, and Sophie Von Der Heyden

Evolution of a polydnavirus gene in relation to parasitoid-host species immune resistance, Stéphane Dupas, Catherine Wanjiru Gitau, Antoine Branca, Bruno Pierre Le Rü, and Jean François Silvain

Evolution of fungal and non-fungal eukaryotic communities in response to thermophilic co-composting of various nitrogen-rich green feedstocks, Felix Matheri, Anne Kelly Kambura, Maina Mwangi, Edward Karanja, Noah Adamtey, Kennedy Wanjau, Edwin Mwangi, Chrysantus Mbi Tanga, David Bautze, and Steven Runo

Evolution of spermophagus seed beetles (coleoptera, bruchinae, amblycerini) indicates both synchronous and delayed colonizations of host plants, Gael J. Kergoat, Bruno P. Le Ru, Seyed E. Sadeghi, Midori Tuda, Chris A.M. Reid, Zoltán György, Gwenaëlle Genson, Cibele S. Ribeiro-Costa, and Alex Delobel

Evolution, systematics and historical biogeography of Palparini and Palparidiini antlions (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae): Old origin and in situ diversification in Southern Africa, Noémie M.C. Hévin, Gael J. Kergoat, Anne Laure Clamens, Bruno Le Ru, Mervyn W. Mansell, and Bruno Michel

Evolving dynamics of Aedes-borne diseases in Africa: a cause for concern, Rosemary Sang, Joel Lutomiah, Edith Chepkorir, and David P. Tchouassi

Evolving dynamics of insect frass fertilizer for sustainable nematode management and potato production, Emmanuel O. Anedo, Dennis Beesigamukama, Benson Mochoge, Nicholas K. Korir, Solveig Haukeland, Xavier Cheseto, Sevgan Subramanian, Segenet Kelemu, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Examining returns to scale in smallholder dairy farms in East Africa, Ayele Gelan and Beatrice W. Murüthi

Examining the human infectious reservoir for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in areas of differing transmission intensity, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Melissa C. Kapulu, Patrick Sawa, Wamdaogo M. Guelbéogo, Alfred B. Tiono, Lynn Grignard, Will Stone, Joel Hellewell, Kjerstin Lanke, Guido J.H. Bastiaens, John Bradley, Issa Nébié, Joyce M. Ngoi, Robin Oriango, Dora Mkabili, Maureen Nyaurah, Janet Midega, Dyann F. Wirth, Kevin Marsh, Thomas S. Churcher, Philip Bejon, Sodiomon B. Sirima, Chris Drakeley, and Teun Bousema

Examining the Intersection between Gender, Community Health Workers, and Vector Control Policies: A Text Mining Literature Review, Ana De Menezes, Ana Carolina Nunes, Denise Nacif Pimenta, Gabriela Lotta, Theresia Nkya, Morgana Martins Krieger, Brunah Schall, and Clare Wenham

Ex ante appraisal of agricultural research and extension: A choice experiment on climbing beans in Burundi, Isabel Lambrecht, Liesbet Vranken, Roel Merckx, Bernard Vanlauwe, and Miet Maertens

Ex- ante Economic impact Assessment of Integrated Citrus Pests and Diseases Management Interventions in Selected Counties, Kenya, Charity Muthoni Wangithi

Ex-ante perceptions and knowledge of artificial insemination among pastoralists in Kenya, D. N. Khainga, G. Obare, and A. Murage

Exogenous and endogenous plant growth regulators' effect on regeneration of selected African sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam) cultivars, Lydia N. Wamalwa, Jose C. Tovar, Stephen A. Indieka, Baldwyn Torto, and Marc Ghislain

Exotic invasive fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): In and out of Africa, Marc De Meyer and Sunday Ekesi

Experienced males recognise and avoid mating with non-virgin females in the western flower thrips, Adeyemi O. Akinyemi and William D.J. Kirk

Experimental feeding studies with crickets and locusts on the use of feed mixtures composed of storable feed materials commonly used in livestock production, P. Straub, C. M. Tanga, I. Osuga, W. Windisch, and S. Subramanian

Experimental immunity against trypanosomiasis in rabbits, Curtis Powell

Experimental Infection of Malaria Mosquitoes with Entomopathogenic Fungus, Beauveria Bassiana under Field Conditions, Annette Obukosia Busula

Experimental observations of food-aversive responses in larvae of Spodoptera exempta (Wlk.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), Wei Chun ma

Exploitation of environmental noise by an araneophagic assassin bug, Anne E. Wignall, Robert R. Jackson, R. Stimson Wilcox, and Phillip W. Taylor

Exploiting chemical ecology and species diversity: Stem borer and striga control for maize and sorghum in Africa, Zeyaur R. Khan, John A. Pickett, Johnnie Van Den Berg, Lester J. Wadhams, and Christine M. Woodcock

Exploiting insect-specific viruses as a novel strategy to control vector-borne disease, Edward I. Patterson, Jandouwe Villinger, Joseph N. Muthoni, Lucien Dobel-Ober, and Grant L. Hughes

Exploiting phytochemicals for developing a 'push-pull' crop protection strategy for cereal farmers in Africa, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Toby J.A. Bruce, Antony M. Hooper, and John A. Pickett

Exploiting phytochemicals for developing sustainable crop protection strategies to withstand climate change: Example from Africa, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy O. Pittchar, and John A. Pickett

Exploiting thrips aggregation pheromones to develop a lure-and-kill strategy for the management of the bean flower thrips, David K. Mfuti, Amanuel Tamiru, William D.J. Kirk, Adeyemi O. Akinyemi, Heather Campbell, Matthew O’brien, Falko P. Drijfhout, Tom W. Pope, Saliou Niassy, and Sevgan Subramanian

Exploring alternative insecticide delivery options in a “lethal house lure” for malaria vector control, Welbeck A. Oumbouke, Antoine M.G. Barreaux, Innocent T. Zran, Alphonsine A. Koffi, Yao N’Guessan, Ludovic P.Ahoua Alou, Rosine Z. Wolie, Jackie Cook, Eleanore D. Sternberg, Matthew B. Thomas, and Raphael N’Guessan

Exploring Black Soldier Fly Frass as Novel Fertilizer for Improved Growth, Yield, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Maize Under Field Conditions, Dennis Beesigamukama, Benson Mochoge, Nicholas K. Korir, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, Fathiya M. Khamis, Sevgan Subramanian, Thomas Dubois, Martha W. Musyoka, Sunday Ekesi, Segenet Kelemu, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Exploring community knowledge, perception and practices of entomophagy in Kenya, Elizabeth Siago Kusia, Christian Borgemeister, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Sunday Ekesi, and Sevgan Subramanian

Exploring factors that shape small-scale farmers’ opinions on the adoption of eco-friendly nets for vegetable production, F. Vidogbéna, A. Adégbidi, R. Tossou, F. Assogba-Komlan, T. Martin, M. Ngouajio, S. Simon, L. Parrot, S. T. Garnett, and K. K. Zander

Exploring levels of egg parasitism and variation in egg cuticular chemistry in different Clavigralla spp., Hilaire Kpongbe, Johnnie Van den Berg, Fathiya Khamis, Manuele Tamò, Elijah Jacob Talamas, and Baldwyn Torto

Exploring non-host plant-based management strategy with lemongrass, garlic and guava volatiles for the African citrus triozid, Akua K. Antwi-Agyakwa, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Christian W.W. Pirk, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Sunday Ekesi, and Baldwyn Torto

Exploring the dynamic adult hard ticks-camel-pathogens interaction, John Mark O. Makwatta, Paul N. Ndegwa, Florence A. Oyieke, Peter Ahuya, Daniel K. Masiga, and Merid N. Getahun

Exploring the influence of different habitats and their volatile chemistry in modulating sand fly population structure in a leishmaniasis endemic Foci, Kenya, Iman B. Hassaballa, Baldwyn Torto, Catherine L. Sole, and David P. Tchouassi

Exploring the Kairomone-Based Foraging Behaviour of Natural Enemies to Enhance Biological Control: A Review, Pascal M. Ayelo, Christian W.W. Pirk, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Anaïs Chailleux, Samira A. Mohamed, and Emilie Deletre

Exploring the mechanisms of the spatiotemporal invasion of Tuta absoluta in Asia, Ritter A. Guimapi, Ramasamy Srinivasan, Henri E. Tonnang, Paola Sotelo-Cardona, and Samira A. Mohamed

Exploring the microbiomes of camel ticks to infer vector competence: insights from tissue-level symbiont-pathogen relationships, Rua Khogali, Armanda Bastos, Dennis Getange, Joel L. Bargul, Shewit Kalayou, Nehemiah Ongeso, Joost Theo Petra Verhoeven, James Kabii, John Ngiela, Daniel Masiga, and Jandouwe Villinger

Exploring the potential of using cattle for malaria vector surveillance and control: A pilot study in western Kenya, Margaret M. Njoroge, Inaki Tirados, Steven W. Lindsay, Glyn A. Vale, Stephen J. Torr, and Ulrike Fillinger

Ex-post economic analysis of push-pull technology in Eastern Uganda, Ruth T. Chepchirchir, Ibrahim Macharia, Alice W. Murage, Charles A.O. Midega, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Expression of Chromosomally InsertedBacillus thuringiensis israelensisToxin Genes inBacillus sphaericus, E. Bar, N. Sandler, M. Makayoto, and A. Keynan

Expression of metallothionein and α-tubulin in heavy metal-tolerant Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Diptera: Culicidae), Paul O. Mireji, Joseph Keating, Ahmed Hassanali, Daniel E. Impoinvil, Charles M. Mbogo, Martha N. Muturi, Hudson Nyambaka, Eucharia U. Kenya, John I. Githure, and John C. Beier

Expression of resistance in amaranthus spp. (caryophyllales: Amaranthaceae): Effects of selected accessions on the behaviour and biology of the amaranth leaf-webber, spoladea recurvalis (lepidoptera: Crambidae), Stephen T.O. Othim, Srinivasan Ramasamy, Ruth Kahuthia-Gathu, Thomas Dubois, Sunday Ekesi, and Komi K.M. Fiaboe

Expression of the Glossina Proteolytic Lectin (Gpl) Gene in Tsetse Flies and other Haematophagous Arthropods, Marion Burugu Warigia

Expression profiles of tsetse (glossina spp) glossina proteolytic lectin (gpl) gene, Betty N .. Mbatia

Expression profiles of tsetse (glossina spp) glossina proteolytic lectin (gpl) gene, Betty N .. Mbatia

Expression profiles of tsetse (glossina spp) glossina proteolytic lectin (gpl) gene, Betty N .. Mbatia

Expressiveness of the LSAWfP Workflow Language Compared to BPMN, Marionne Daniela Nguedia Momo, Milliam Maxime Zekeng Ndadji, Maurice Tchoupé Tchendji, and Franck Bruno Tonle Noumbo

Extent of digestion affects the success of amplifying human DNA from blood meals of Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae), W. R. Mukabana, W. Takken, P. Seda, G. F. Killeen, W. A. Hawley, and B. G.J. Knols

Extraction and Characterization of Gelatin from Lates niloticus Scales and Potential Industrial Applications, Sammy Kiplagat Chebon

Ex vivo development of Phasmarhabditis spp. associated with terrestrial molluscs, A. Pieterse, S. Haukeland, V. Půža, J. L. Ross, and A. P. Malan

Facilitating factors and barriers to malaria research utilization for policy development in Malawi, Chikondi A. Mwendera, Christiaan De Jager, Herbert Longwe, Kamija Phiri, Charles Hongoro, and Clifford M. Mutero

Factors affecting seasonal dispersal of the tsetse flies Glossina pallidipes and G. longipennis (Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, south-west Kenya, R. Brightwell, R. D. Dransfield, and B. G. Williams

Factors affecting stem borer parasitoid species diversity and parasitism in cultivated and natural habitats, Duna Madu Mailafiya, Bruno Pierre Le Ru, Eunice Waitherero Kairu, Paul André Calatayud, and Stéphane Dupas

Factors affecting stem borer parasitoid species diversity and parasitism in cultivated and natural habitats, Raymond Beach, David G. Young, and Mutuku J. Mutinga

Factors affecting the bionomics of the eastern African egg parasitoid Trichogramma bournieri Pintureau & Babault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), Anani Yaovi Bruce, Fritz Schulthess, and Jones Mueke

Factors determining pheromonal trapping of the stem‐borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lep., Pyralidae), G. C. Unnithan and K. N. Saxena

Factors Influencing Intensity Of Adoption Of Integrated Pest Management Package And Pesticide Misuse In The Control Of Mango Fruit Fly In Embu East Sub-County, Kenya, Josphat K. Korir

Factors influencing malaria control policy-making in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, Clifford M. Mutero, Randall A. Kramer, Christopher Paul, Adriane Lesser, Marie Lynn Miranda, Leonard Eg Mboera, Rebecca Kiptui, Narcis Kabatereine, and Birkinesh Ameneshewa

Factors Influencing the Adoption of Agroecological Vegetable Cropping Systems by Smallholder Farmers in Tanzania, Essy C. Kirui, Michael M. Kidoido, Komivi S. Akutse, Rosina Wanyama, Simon B. Boni, Thomas Dubois, Fekadu F. Dinssa, and Daniel M. Mutyambai

Factors involved in mating, longevity, fecundity and egg fertility in the maize stem‐borer, Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lep., Noctuidae), G. C. Unnithan and S. O. Paye

Facultative nitrogen fixation by legumes in the central Congo basin is downregulated during late successional stages, Marijn Bauters, Neville Mapenzi, Elizabeth Kearsley, Bernard Vanlauwe, and Pascal Boeckx

Fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda infestations in East Africa: Assessment of damage and parasitism, Birhanu Sisay, Josephine Simiyu, Esayas Mendesil, Paddy Likhayo, Gashawbeza Ayalew, Samira Mohamed, Sevgan Subramanian, and Tadele Tefera

False codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) a new threat to horticulture industry: Stakeholders’ perspectives on the status, impact and management in Kenya, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Nyang’au I. Mbeche, Emmanuel Onamu, Muo J. Kasina, John H. Nderitu, and Allan N. Mweke

Farmer perceptions and willingness to pay for novel livestock pest control technologies: A case of tsetse repellent collar in kwale county in kenya, Beatrice W. Muriithi, Nancy G. Gathogo, Gracious M. Diiro, Michael M. Kidoido, Michael Nyangánga Okal, and Daniel K. Masiga

Farmers' control practices against the invasive red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard in Benin, Ginette Y. Azandémè-Hounmalon, Hippolyte D. Affognon, Françoise Assogba Komlan, Manuele Tamò, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Serge Kreiter, and Thibaud Martin

Farmers’ cultural practices and their effects on pest control in sweetpotato in south Nyanza, Kenya, N. E.J.M. Smit and L. O. Matengo

Farmers’ decision processes about biocontrol innovation adoption: dynamics surrounding push-pull technology in Western Kenya, Olufemi Samson Adesina, Stephen Whitfield, Susannah M. Sallu, Steven M. Sait, and Jimmy Pittchar

Farmers’ experience in termite management in eastern Uganda, Girma Hailu, Ochatum Nathan, Nyeko Philip, and Niassy Saliou

Farmers’ indigenous knowledge of crop pests and their damage in western kenya, P. O. Chitere and B. A. Omolo

Farmers’ knowledge and management practices of cereal, legume and vegetable insect pests, and willingness to pay for biopesticides, Paul Nyangau, Beatrice Muriithi, Gracious Diiro, Komivi Senyo Akutse, and Sevgan Subramanian

Farmers' knowledge and perception of grain legume pests and their management in the Eastern province of Kenya, Andnet Abtew, Saliou Niassy, Hippolyte Affognon, Sevgan Subramanian, Serge Kreiter, Giovanna Tropea Garzia, and Thibaud Martin

Farmers' knowledge and perceptions of blister beetles, hycleus spp. (coleoptera: Meloidae), as pest herbivores of desmodium legumes in western Kenya, Lefulesele N. Lebesa, Zeyaur R. Khan, Kerstin Krüger, Toby J.A. Bruce, Ahmed Hassanali, and John A. Pickettd

Farmers' knowledge and perceptions of the stunting disease of Napier grass in Western Kenya, Z. R. Khan, C. A.O. Midega, I. M. Nyang'au, A. Murage, J. Pittchar, L. O. Agutu, D. M. Amudavi, and J. A. Pickett

Farmers’ knowledge and practices on chickpea production and disease management in major chickpea growing areas of Ethiopia, Gezahegne Getaneh Damessa, Tefera Tadele, Fikre Lemessa, Seid Ahmed, Minale Kassie, Abebe Kirub, and Abinet Dereje

Farmers’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding the Use of Agroecological-Based Pest Management Practices in Crucifers and Traditional African Vegetable (TAV) Production in Kenya and Tanzania, Essy C. Kirui, Michael M. Kidoido, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Dickson O. Okello, and Komivi S. Akutse

Farmers' Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards African Indigenous Vegetables in Kenya, Donatien Ntawuruhunga

Farmers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on production of African indigenous vegetables in Kenya, Donatien Ntawuruhunga, Hippolyte D. Affognon, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Mary O. Abukutsa-Onyango, Losenge Turoop, and Beatrice W. Muriithi

Farmers’ Knowledge, Control Methods, and Challenges of Managing Bean Leaf Beetles (Ootheca spp.) in Uganda, Julius Mugonza, James P. Egonyu, and Michael H. Otim

Farmers’ Knowledge, Perceptions, and Management Practices of False Codling Moth (Thaumatotibia leucotreta) in Smallholder Capsicum sp. Cropping Systems in Kenya, Emmanuel M. Onamu, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Isaac M. Nyangau, John H. Nderitu, Muo Kasina, Dorah C. Kilalo, and Allan N. Mweke

Farmers' knowledge, perceptions, and management practices of the new invasive pest, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Ethiopia and Kenya, Teshome Kumela, Josephine Simiyu, Birhanu Sisay, Paddy Likhayo, Esayas Mendesil, Linnet Gohole, and Tadele Tefera

Farmers’ knowledge, perceptions, and practices on animal trypanosomosis and the tsetse fly vector: A cross-sectional study around Kenya’s Arabuko-Sokoke Forest Reserve at the livestock-wildlife interface, Erick K. Serem, Joel L. Bargul, Moses M. Ngari, Osman A. Abdullahi, and David M. Mburu

Farmers’ perceived pathways for further intensification of push-pull systems in Western Kenya, Sylvia Imbuhila Buleti, Shem Kuyah, Adewole Olagoke, Moses Gichua, Samuel Were, Frank Chidawanyika, and Emily A. Martin

Farmers’ perception and control practices against the invasive red spider mite (Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard) in Benin, G. Y. Azandémè-Hounmalon, H. D. Affognon, F. Assogba-Komlan, M. Tamò, K. K.M. Fiaboe, S. Kreiter, and T. Martin

Farmers’ perception and evaluation of brachiaria grass (Brachiaria spp.) genotypes for smallholder cereal-livestock production in East Africa, Duncan Cheruiyot, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy O. Pittchar, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Farmers' perceptions of a 'push-pull' technology for control of cereal stemborers and Striga weed in western Kenya, Zeyaur R. Khan, David M. Amudavi, Charles A.O. Midega, Japhether M. Wanyama, and John A. Pickett

Farmers’ perceptions of commercial insect-based feed for sustainable livestock production in Kenya, Afrika Onguko Okello, Jonathan Makau Nzuma, David Jakinda Otieno, Michael Kidoido, and Chrysantus Mbi Tanga

Farmers' perceptions of cotton pests and their management in western Kenya, Charles A.O. Midega, Isaac M. Nyang'au, Jimmy Pittchar, Michael A. Birkett, John A. Pickett, Miguel Borges, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Farmers’ perceptions of importance, control methods and natural enemies of maize stemborers at the Kenya coast, M. J. Bonhof, A. Van Huis, F. G. Kiros, and N. Dlbogo

Farmers' perceptions of importance, control practices and alternative hosts of maize stemborers in Uganda, T. Kalule, Z. R. Khan, G. Bigirwa, J. Alupo, S. Okanya, J. A. Pickett, and L. J. Wadhams

Farmers’ Perceptions of Maize Production Constraints and the Effects of Push–Pull Technology on Soil Fertility, Pest Infestation, and Maize Yield in Southwest Ethiopia, Mekonnen Sime, Shifa Ballo, Zewdu Abro, Desalegn Amlaku Gugissa, Esayas Mendesil, and Tadele Tefera

Farm production, market access and dietary diversity in Malawi, Stefan Koppmair, Menale Kassie, and Matin Qaim

Farm‐scale assessment of maize–pigeonpea productivity in Northern Tanzania, E. Mugi-Ngenga, S. Zingore, L. Bastiaans, N. P.R. Anten, and K. E. Giller

Fat body triacylglycerol lipase in solitary and gregarious phases of Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Dorington O. Ogoyi, Ellie O. Osir, and Norah K. Olembo

Feasibility of implementing recommendations to improve neglected tropical diseases surveillance and response in Kenya: a modified Delphi study, Arthur K.S. Ng’etich, Kuku Voyi, and Clifford M. Mutero

Feasibility of sand fly control based on knowledge of sensory ecology, David P. Tchouassi, Trizah K. Milugo, and Baldwyn Torto

Fecal volatile components elicit aggregation in the oriental migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Wang Peng Shi, Hong Li Sun, Nyndat Edward, and Yu Hua Yan

Fecal volatiles as part of the aggregation pheromone complex of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Daniel Obeng-Ofori, Baldwin Torto, Peter G.N. Njagi, Ahmed Hassanali, and Habert Amiani

FECUNDITY AND OVIPOSITION BEHAVIOUR OF THE SORGHUM SHOOTFLY, ATHERIGONA SOCCATA, ASHOK K. RAINA

Feeding and oviposition preference of Frankliniella occidentalis for crops and weeds in Kenyan French bean fields, J. O. Nyasani, R. Meyhöfer, S. Subramanian, and H. M. Poehling

Feeding and survival of the malaria vector gambiae on plants growing in Kenya, D. E. Impoinvil, J. O. Kongere, W. A. Foster, B. N. Njiru, G. F. Killeen, J. I. Githure, J. C. Beier, A. Hassanali, and B. G.J. Knols

FEEDING DETERRENT RECEPTORS IN THE LAST INSTAR AFRICAN ARMYWORM SPODOPTERA EXEMPTA: A STUDY USING SALICIN AND CAFFEIN, J. V. CLARK

Feeding habits and malaria parasite infection of Anopheles mosquitoes in selected agroecological areas of Northwestern Ethiopia, Aklilu K. Belay, Abebe Asale, Catherine L. Sole, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Baldwyn Torto, Clifford M. Mutero, and David P. Tchouassi

Feeding performance of Amblyomma variegatum (Acarina: Ixodidae) fed repeatedly on rabbits, A. A. Latif, R. M. Newson, and T. S. Dhadialla

Feeding responses of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae to sorghum plant phenolics and their analogs, Baldwyn Torto, Ahmed Hassanali, Kailash N. Saxena, and Sagary Nokoe

Feeding site selection of first‐instar larvae of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis on susceptible and resistant rice plants, R. Ramachandran and Z. R. Khan

Fertilizer-bioinsecticide synergy improves maize resilience to Spodoptera frugiperda infestation, Kokou Rodrigue Fiaboe, Komi Agboka, Komi Agboka, Agnamto Ossara Agnamba, Koffi Laurent Teyo, Adjo Laurence Amegah, Djima Koffi, Gbèdéhoué Esaïe Kpadonou, Rehemah Gwokyalya, Ken Okwae Fening, and Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe

Fertilizer - Root Knot Nematodes Interactions in High Tunnel Tomato Production, Daisy Chepkoech Ngeno

Field and laboratory performance of false codling moth, thaumatotibia leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Troticidae) on orange and selected vegetables, Abdullah Mohamed Mkiga, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Hannalene Du Plessis, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, and Sunday Ekesi

Field assessments in western Kenya link malaria vectors to environmentally disturbed habitats during the dry season, John C. Carlson, Brian D. Byrd, and Francois X. Omlin

Field boundaries of Panicum maximum as a reservoir for predators and a sink for Chilo partellus, S. Koji, Z. R. Khan, and C. A.O. Midega

Field developments on Striga control by Desmodium intercrops in a ‘push-pull’ strategy, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Ahmed Hassanali, and John A. Pickett

Field effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae and pheromone traps against Phthorimaea absoluta on tomato in Tanzania, Never Zekeya, Thomas Dubois, Jason Smith, and Srinivasan Ramasamy

Field efficacy of Metarhizium acridum (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in the control of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in citrus orchards in Senegal, Papa Djibril Faye, Amadou Bocar Bal, Ndeye Meymouna Ndiaye, Fama Diop, Yaye Konaré Sangaré, Charles Haddad, Emile Victor Coly, Elhadji Omar Dieng, and Saliou Niassy

Field efficacy of thermally expelled or live potted repellent plants against African malaria vectors in western Kenya, Aklilu Seyoum, Gerry F. Killeen, Ephantus W. Kabiru, Bart G.J. Knols, and Ahmed Hassanali

Field estimates of the flight speed of some WestAfrican mosquitoes, W. F. Snow

Field evaluation of a new third generation push-pull technology for control of striga weed, stemborers, and fall armyworm in western Kenya, Duncan Cheruiyot, Frank Chidawanyika, Charles A.O. Midega, Jimmy O. Pittchar, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Field evaluation of a push-pull system to reduce malaria transmission, David J. Menger, Philemon Omusula, Maarten Holdinga, Tobias Homan, Ana S. Carreira, Patrice Vandendaele, Jean Luc Derycke, Collins K. Mweresa, Wolfgang Richard Mukabana, Joop J.A. Van Loon, and Willem Takken

Field evaluation of glutathione and glutamic acid as host marking pheromones for control of Tephritid fruit flies in a mango orchard in Kenya, Xavier Cheseto, Hillary Kirwa, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Sunday Ekesi, John J. Beck, and Baldwyn Torto

Field evaluation of natural human odours and the biogent-synthetic lure in trapping Aedes aegypti, vector of dengue and chikungunya viruses in Kenya, Eunice A. Owino, Rosemary Sang, Catherine L. Sole, Christian Pirk, Charles Mbogo, and Baldwyn Torto

Field evaluation of piper guineense and spilanthes mauritiana powder as mosquito larvicides in Kilifi district, Kenya, Spala Oduor Ohaga

Field evaluation of the impact of Sahlbergella singularis Haglund infestations on the productivity of different Theobroma cacao L. genotypes in the Southern Cameroon, R. J. Mahob, R. Feudjio Thiomela, L. Dibog, R. Babin, Y. G. Fotso Toguem, H. Mahot, L. Baleba, P. A. Owona Dongo, and C. F. Bilong Bilong

Field evaluation of Tilapia zilli (Gervais) as a biological control agent for mosquito control, E. J. Asimeng and M. J. Mutinga

Field evaluation of two novel sampling devices for collecting wild oviposition site seeking malaria vector mosquitoes: OviART gravid traps and squares of electrocuting nets, Sisay Dugassa, Jenny M. Lindh, Steven W. Lindsay, and Ulrike Fillinger

Field infestation and suppression of the invasive fruit flies bactrocera invadens (Drew, Trsuruta and White) on Citrus in Kenya, Sunday Ekesi

Field infestation, life history and demographic parameters of the fruit fly Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Africa, S. Ekesi, P. W. Nderitu, and I. Rwomushana

Field observations on competitive displacement, at the preimaginal stage, of Culex quinquefasciatus Say by Culex cinereus Theobald (Diptera: Culicidae) at the Kenya Coast, R. Subra and R. D. Dransfield

Field release of a non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus L strain in central Benin, A. M. Klueken, C. Borgemeister, and B. Hau

Field resistance in maize cultivars to stem borer Chilo partellus, HARISH KUMAR

Field response of Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) to ceralure B1: Evaluations of enantiomeric B1 ratios on fly captures, Eric B. Jang, Ashot Khrimian, Timothy C. Holler, Victor Casana-Giner, Slawomir Lux, and Lori A. Carvalho

Field response of three tephritid fruit flies to three food-based attractants and suppression of Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) using Mazoferm E802 + spinosad in a guava ecosystem in Sudan, Mohammed E.E. Mahmoud, Samira A. Mohamed, Mohammedazim I.B. Abuagla, Fathya M. Khamis, and Sunday Ekesi

Field superparasitism by Phymastichus coffea, a parasitoid of adult coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, Juliana Jaramillo, Christian Borgemeister, and Mamoudou Setamou

Field Testing of a Putative Larviposition Pheromone for the Tsetse Fly Glossina m. morsitans Westwood, J. W. Hargrove, J. Van Sickle, and R. K. Saini

Field tests of the response of female Amblyomma variegatum (Acari:Ixodidae) to the synthetic aggregation-attachment pheromone and its components, E. Hess and J. J. De Castro

Field trials of double translocation heterozygote males for genetic control of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae), J. L. Petersen, L. P. Lounibos, and Nancy Lorimer

Financial Cost Benefit Analysis of Maize Storage Techniques: A Case Study of Njoro Sub-County, Millicent Nduta Muthami

Financial Cost-benefit analysis of Maize storage Techniques: A case study of Njoro Sub-County, Millicent Muthami Nduta

Fine structure of metacyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei grown in continuous culture, M. Nyindo, M. Chimtawi, and J. Owor

Fine tuning of vision-based prey-choice decisions by a predator that targets malaria vectors, Ximena J. Nelson and Robert R. Jackson

First record of a specialist folivore of Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae) in Togo, and indices of its range expansion in Nigeria: implications for biological control, P. O. Aigbedion-Atalor, I. Idemudia, M. Adom, and M. Day

First record of Calophya schini (Hemiptera: Calophyidae) in Ethiopia and Kenya, William A. Overholt, Robert S. Copeland, and Susan E. Halbert

First record of phytotelmata and aquatic insects from the Cycadales, with a description of the puparium of Senaspis haemorrhoa Gerstaecker (Diptera: Syrphidae), R. S. Copeland, M. De Meyer, and G. E. Rotheray

First record of the genus Tanaostigma (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Tanaostigmatidae) from the Afrotropical region with description of three new species, Simon van Noort and Robert S. Copeland

First record of the impact of the parasitism of Cecidochares connexa (Diptera: Tephritidae) by a solitary larval ectoparasitoid in West Africa: Cause for concern?, Pascal Osa Aigbedion-Atalor, Itohan Idemudia, Arne B.R. Witt, and Michael D. Day

First record of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Uganda, Venansio Tumuhaise, Fathiya M. Khamis, Ambrose Agona, Godfrey Sseruwu, and Samira A. Mohamed

First Report and Distribution of the Indian Mustard Aphid, Lipaphis erysimi pseudobrassicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata) in Ghana, K. O. Fening, E. E. Forchibe, F. O. Wamonje, I. Adama, K. Afreh-Nuamah, and J. P. Carr

First report of a gall midge as a parasitoid of weaver ants, Bethelihem Mekonnen, Julien Haran, Robert S. Copeland, Christian W.W. Pirk, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, and Emilie Deletre

First Report of Field Efficacy and Economic Viability of Metarhizium anisopliae-ICIPE 20 for Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Management on Tomato, Fred Peter Kabaale, Venansio Tumuhaise, William Tinzaara, Geoffrey Turyasingura, Sevgan Subramanian, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, and Komivi Senyo Akutse

First report of Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Egypt, Hosam Mohamed Khalil Hammam El-Gepaly, Samira A. Mohamed, Francis Obala, Manal F. Abdelall, and Thaer Yaseen

First report of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), natural enemies from Africa, Birhanu Sisay, Josephine Simiyu, Peter Malusi, Paddy Likhayo, Esayas Mendesil, Nsami Elibariki, Mulatu Wakgari, Gashawbeza Ayalew, and Tadele Tefera

First report of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii parasitizing African nightshades in Kenya, O. Chitambo, S. Haukeland, K. K.M. Fiaboe, G. M. Kariuki, and F. M.W. Grundler

Fitness consequences of Anopheles gambiae population hybridization, David M. Menge, Tom Guda, Daibin Zhong, Aditi Pai, Goufa Zhou, John C. Beier, Louis Gouagna, and Guiyun Yan

Fitting procedure for host-parasite systems, Henri E.Z. Tonnanga and Jean M. Tchuenche

Flavonoids from the Roots of Tephrosia Elata, W. Lwande, C. S. Greene, and M. D. Bentley

Flexibility in the foraging strategies of spiders, Ximena J. Nelson and Robert R. Jackson

Flexible use of anti-predator defences, Ximena J. Nelson and Robert R. Jackson

Flight and oviposition behaviour of the African stem borer, Busseola fusca, on various host plant species, Paul André Calatayud, Hervé Guénégo, Peter Ahuya, Antony Wanjoya, Bruno Le Rü, Jean François Silvain, and Brigitte Frérot

Floral turnover and climate drive seasonal bee diversity along a tropical elevation gradient, Fairo F. Dzekashu, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Christian W.W. Pirk, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, H. Michael G. Lattorff, and Marcell K. Peters

Folding wings like a cockroach: A review of transverse wing folding ensign wasps (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae: Afrevania and Trissevania), István Mikó, Robert S. Copeland, James P. Balhoff, Matthew J. Yoder, and Andrew R. Deans

Food searching behaviour of a Lepidoptera pest species is modulated by the foraging gene polymorphism, Floriane Chardonnet, Claire Capdevielle-Dulac, Bastien Chouquet, Nicolas Joly, Myriam Harry, Bruno Le Ru, Jean François Silvain, and Laure Kaiser

Foraging behavior and Life History of the Stemborer parasitoid Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), R. P.J. Potting, W. A. Overholt, F. O. Danso, and K. Takasu

Foraging range of an African stingless bee, Hypotrigona gribodoi (Apidae: Meliponini), Dennis A. Wakhungu, Everlyne S. Namikoye, and H. Michael G. Lattorff

Forecasting the future of Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in India using ecological niche model, Ashok Karuppannasamy, Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag, Geethalakshmi Vellingiri, John Samuel Kennedy, Patil Santosh Ganapati, Sevgan Subramanian, and Balasubramani Venkatasamy

Forest habitat conservation in africa using commercially important insects, Suresh Kumar Raina, Esther Kioko, Ole Zethner, and Susie Wren

Foreword, Christian Borgemeister

Fortuitous antixenosis in transgenic sugarcane: Antibiosis-expressing cultivar is refractory to ovipositing herbivore pests, Julio S. Bernal and Mamoudou Sétamou

Four-horned wasps, description of some remarkable dirhinus (Hymenoptera, chalcididae) from Kenya, with a discussion of their taxonomic placement, Gérard Delvare and Robert S. Copeland

Fragmented landscapes affect honey bee colony strength at diverse spatial scales in agroecological landscapes in Kenya, Pamela Ochungo, Ruan Veldtman, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Elliud Muli, James Ng'ang'a, Henry E.Z. Tonnang, and Tobias Landmann

Frequency and time pattern differences in acoustic signals produced by Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in stored maize, A. W. Njoroge, H. Affognon, C. Mutungi, B. Rohde, U. Richter, O. Hensel, and R. W. Mankin

Friend or Foe: Symbiotic Bacteria in Bactrocera dorsalis–Parasitoid Associations, Rehemah Gwokyalya, Christopher W. Weldon, Jeremy Keith Herren, Joseph Gichuhi, Edward Edmond Makhulu, Shepard Ndlela, and Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed

From a descriptive toward an explicative growth-based model on immature Oulema duftschmidi (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) development at different temperatures, P. Morlacchi, L. Limonta, and J. Baumgártner

From behavioural studies to field application: Improving biological control strategies by integrating laboratory results into field experiments, Katharina Merkel, Valentina Migani, Sunday Ekesi, and Thomas S. Hoffmeister

FROM BEST FIT TECHNOLOGIES to BEST FIT SCALING: INCORPORATING and EVALUATING FACTORS AFFECTING the ADOPTION of GRAIN LEGUMES in SUB-SAHARAN Africa, Andrew Farrow, Esther Ronner, Greta J. Van Den Brand, Stephen K. Boahen, Wilson Leonardo, Endalkachew Wolde-Meskel, Samuel Adjei-Nsiah, Regis Chikowo, Fredrick Baijukya, Peter Ebanyat, Emmanuel A. Sangodele, Jean Marie Sanginga, Speciose Kantengwa, Lloyd Phiphira, Paul Woomer, Theresa Ampadu-Boakye, Edward Baars, Fred Kanampiu, Bernard Vanlauwe, and Kenneth E. Giller

From discovery to food system diversification with african neglected and underutilized species, Céline Termote, Stepha McMullin, and Hendre Prasad

From Farm to Fork: Crickets as Alternative Source of Protein, Minerals, and Vitamins, Dorothy K. Murugu, Arnold N. Onyango, Alex K. Ndiritu, Isaac M. Osuga, Cheseto Xavier, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

From forest to plantation? Obscure articles reveal alternative host plants for the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Fernando E. Vega, Aaron P. Davis, and Juliana Jaramillo

From population to species: Morphological and molecular diversity in east African stem borer species of the genus Manga Bowden 1956 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Pascal Moyal and Bruno Le Rü

Frugivorous insects reared from chytranthus obliquinervis radlk. (Sapindales: Sapindaceae) with the description of a new monophagous species of grapholita treitschke (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Robert S. Copeland and Józef Razowski

Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Host Status and Relative Infestation of Selected Mango Cultivars in Three Agro Ecological Zones in Uganda, B. E. Isabirye, A. M. Akol, H. Muyinza, C. Masembe, I. Rwomushana, and C. K. Nankinga

Fruit fly nutrition, rearing and quality control, Samira A. Mohamed, Fathiya M. Khamis, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Fruit fly research and development in Africa-Towards a sustainable management strategy to improve horticulture, Sunday Ekesi, Samira A. Mohamed, and Marc De Meyer

Fruit fly species composition, distribution and host plants with emphasis on mango- infesting species, Ivan Rwomushana and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Fruit fly species composition, distribution and host plants with emphasis on vegetable-infesting species, Chrysantus M. Tanga and Ivan Rwomushana

Fumigant toxicity of the essential oils of some African plants against Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, M. O. Omolo, D. Okinyo, I. O. Ndiege, W. Lwande, and A. Hassanali

Functional analysis of a Midgut Proteolytic Gene in Tsetse Fly (Glossina pallidipes) by RNA Interference, Elisha Muchunga Mugo

Functional analysis of RIP toxins from the Drosophila endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii, Mario Gonzalo Garcia-Arraez, Florent Masson, Juan Camilo Paredes Escobar, and Bruno Lemaitre

Functional characterization and protein-protein interactions of trypanosome splicing factors U2AF35, U2AF65 and SF1, Martin P. Vazquez, David Mualem, Natalia Bercovich, Michael Zeev Stern, Benson Nyambega, Omer Barda, Dan Masiga, Sachin Kumar Gupta, Shulamit Michaeli, and Mariano J. Levin

Functional land cover scale for three insect pests with contrasting dispersal strategies in a fragmented coffee-based landscape in Central Kenya, Gladys Mosomtai, Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag, Régis Babin, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, John Odindi, Onisimo Mutanga, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Tobias Landmann, and Guillaume David

Functional morphology and anatomy of the polypneustic lobes of the last larval instar of tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), Jan Žďárek, František Weyda, Mathayo M.B. Chimtawi, and David L. Denlinger

Functional response of Orius albidipennis (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) to Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Linus M. Gitonga, W. A. Overholt, B. Löhr, J. K. Magambo, and J. M. Mueke

Functional response of six indigenous trichogrammatid egg parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Kenya: Influence of temperature and relative humidity, Andrew Kalyebi, W. A. Overholt, F. Schulthess, J. M. Mueke, S. A. Hassan, and S. Sithanantham

Functional responses of Iphiseius degenerans and Neoseiulus teke (Acari: Phytoseiidae) to changes in the density of the cassava green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Acari: Tetranychidae), F. E. Nwilene and G. Nachman

Functional structure of the natural enemy community of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in the Americas, Kris A.G. Wyckhuys, Komivi S. Akutse, Divina M. Amalin, Salah Eddin Araj, Gloria Barrera, Marie Joy B. Beltran, Ibtissem Ben Fekih, Paul André Calatayud, Lizette Cicero, Marcellin C. Cokola, Yelitza C. Colmenarez, Kenza Dessauvages, Thomas Dubois, Léna Durocher-Granger, Carlos Espinel, José L. Fernández-Triana, Frederic Francis, Juliana Gómez, Khalid Haddi, Rhett D. Harrison, Muhammad Haseeb, Natasha S.A. Iwanicki, Lara R. Jaber, Fathiya M. Khamis, Jesusa C. Legaspi, Refugio J. Lomeli-Flores, Rogerio B. Lopes, and Baoqian Lyu

Fungal Endophyte Communities of Crucifer Crops Are Seasonally Dynamic and Structured by Plant Identity, Plant Tissue and Environmental Factors, Junhui Chen, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Hafiz Sohaib Ahmed Saqib, Xiaolu Wu, Feiying Yang, Xiaofeng Xia, Liande Wang, Mark S. Goettel, Minsheng You, and Geoff M. Gurr

Fungal endophytes as promising tools for the management of bean stem maggot Ophiomyia phaseoli on beans Phaseolus vulgaris, Beritah Mutune, Sunday Ekesi, Saliou Niassy, Viviene Matiru, Christine Bii, and Nguya K. Maniania

Fungal endophytes: Beyond herbivore management, Bamisope S. Bamisile, Chandra K. Dash, Komivi S. Akutse, Ravindran Keppanan, and Liande Wang

Fungal entomopathogens: new insights on their ecology, Fernando E. Vega, Mark S. Goettel, Meredith Blackwell, David Chandler, Mark A. Jackson, Siegfried Keller, Masanori Koike, Nguya K. Maniania, Arnulfo Monzón, Bonnie H. Ownley, Judith K. Pell, Drauzio E.N. Rangel, and Helen E. Roy

Furanosesquiterpenoids of Commiphora erythraea and C. myrrh, Asafu Maradufu

Further details of the morphology of the enigmatic african fly Mormotomyia hirsuta austen (Diptera: Mormotomyiidae), Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs, Marion Kotrba, and Robert S. Copeland

Future Prospects for Application of Insect Pathogens as a Component of Integrated Pest Management in Tropical Root Crops, M. O. Odindo

Gametocyte carriage in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria following treatment with artemisinin combination therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data, Salim Abdulla, Jane Achan, Ishag Adam, Bereket H. Alemayehu, Richard Allan, Elizabeth N. Allen, Anupkumar R. Anvikar, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Puji Budi Setia Asih, Ghulam Rahim Awab, Karen I. Barnes, Quique Bassat, Elisabeth Baudin, Anders Bjorkman, Francois Bompart, Maryline Bonnet, Steffen Borrmann, Teun Bousema, Verena I. Carrara, Fabio Cenci, Francesco Checchi, Michel Cot, Prabin Dahal, Umberto D'Alessandro, Philippe Deloron, Abdoulaye Djimde, and Arjen Dondorp

Gametocytemia and attractiveness of plasmodium falciparum-infected Kenyan children to Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes, Annette O. Busula, Teun Bousema, Collins K. Mweresa, Daniel Masiga, James G. Logan, Robert W. Sauerwein, Niels O. Verhulst, Willem Takken, and Jetske G. De Boer

Garden fruit chafer (Pachnoda sinuata L.) accelerates recycling and bioremediation of animal waste, María Gómez-Brandón, Dennis Beesigamukama, Maraike Probst, Thomas Klammsteiner, Yan Yan Zhou, Yong Guan Zhu, and Chrysantus Mbi Tanga

Gasifier as a cleaner cooking system in rural Kenya, M. Njenga, M. Iiyama, R. Jamnadass, H. Helander, L. Larsson, J. De Leeuw, H. Neufeldt, K. Röing De Nowina, and C. Sundberg

Gendered analysis of the demand for poultry feed in Kenya, John Njenga Macharia, Gracious Malton Diiro, John Rono Busienei, Kimpei Munei, Hippolyte D. Affognon, Sunday Ekesi, Beatrice Muriithi, Dorothy Nakimbugwe, Chrysantus Mbi Tanga, and Komi K.M. Fiaboe

Gendered Awareness of Pig and Poultry Farmers on the Potential of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Farming in Kenya, Collins M. Bulinda, Eric O. Gido, Holger Kirscht, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Gendered barriers and opportunities for scaling integrated pest management practices along the mango value chain in Kenya, Beatrice Muriithi, Rachael Franchini, Paige Kolhoff, Victoria Seekman, Lydia Grossman, Kelvin Mulungu, Holger Kirscht, Samuel Ledermann, and Fathiya Mbarak Khamis

Gender Participation and Decision Making in Crop Management in Great Lakes Region of Central Africa, Justus Ochieng, Emily Ouma, and Eliud Birachi

Gender specific perceptions and adoption of the climate-smart push-pull technology in eastern Africa, A. W. Murage, J. O. Pittchar, C. A.O. Midega, C. O. Onyango, and Z. R. Khan

Gene co-expression network analysis of Trypanosoma brucei in tsetse fly vector, Kennedy W. Mwangi, Rosaline W. Macharia, and Joel L. Bargul

Gene Expression-Based Biomarkers for Anopheles gambiae Age Grading, Mei Hui Wang, Osvaldo Marinotti, Daibin Zhong, Anthony A. James, Edward Walker, Tom Guda, Eliningaya J. Kweka, John Githure, and Guiyun Yan

Gene expression profiles of odorant binding proteins in glossina brevipalpis (Diptera: Glossinidae), Mary Murithi, Rosaline MacHaria, Esther Magiri, Steven Nyanjom, and Daniel Masiga

Gene Expression Profiling of Odorant Binding Proteins in the Tsetse fly Glossina brevipalpis, Mary K. Murithi

Generalism versus specialism: Responses of Diadegma mollipla (Holmgren) and Diadegma semiclausum (Hellen), to the host shift of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) to peas, A. Roßbach, B. Löhr, and S. Vidal

General limitations to endophytic entomopathogenic fungi use as plant growth promoters, pests and pathogens biocontrol agents, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Junaid Ali Siddiqui, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila, and Yijuan Xu

Genes encoding two theileria parva antigens recognized by CD8+ T-cells exhibit sequence diversity in South Sudanese cattle populations but the majority of alleles are similar to the Muguga component of the live vaccine cocktail, Diaeldin A. Salih, Roger Pelle, Joram M. Mwacharo, Moses N. Njahira, Wani L. Marcellino, Henry Kiara, Agol K. Malak, Abdel Rahim M.E.L. Hussein, Richard Bishop, and Robert A. Skilton

Genetic and biological variations among Plutella xylostella granulovirus isolates, S. Subramanian, R. J. Rabindra, and S. Sithanantham

Genetic changes occurring during laboratory rearing of Cotesia flavipes cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an imported parasitoid for the control of gramineous stem borers in Africa, C. O. Omwega and W. A. Overholt

Genetic connectivity of trypanosomes between tsetse-infested and tsetse-free areas of Kenya, Naomi N. Kimenyi, Kelvin M. Kimenyi, Nelson O. Amugune, and Merid N. Getahun

Genetic divergence of Chikungunya virus plaque variants from the Comoros Island (2005), Caroline Wasonga, Shingo Inoue, Cecilia Rumberia, George Michuki, James Kimotho, Juliette R. Ongus, Rosemary Sang, and Lillian Musila

Genetic diversity and demographic history of the Old World Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in Ethiopia inferred from mitochondrial gene sequences, Tarekegn Fite, Tadele Tefera, Muluken Goftishu, and Tebekew Damte

Genetic diversity and population structure of Busseola segeta Bowden (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae): A case study of host use diversification in Guineo-Congolian Rainforest Relic Area, Kenya, George O. Ong'amo, Bruno P. Le Ru, Pascal Campagne, Antoine Branca, Paul Andre Calatayud, Claire Capdevielle-Dulac, and Jean Francois Silvain

Genetic diversity and population structure of didymella rabiei affecting chickpea in ethiopia, Gezahegne Getaneh, Tadele Tefera, Fikre Lemessa, Seid Ahmed, Tarekegn Fite, and Jandouwe Villinger

Genetic diversity and population structure of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in Kenya: Implication for conservation and aquaculture, James E. Barasa, Sinebongo Mdyogolo, Romulus Abila, Johannes Paul Grobler, Robert A. Skilton, Hesmari Bindeman, Moses Ndotono Njahira, Emily J. Chemoiwa, Otto G. Dangasuk, Boaz Kaunda-Arara, and Erik Verheyen

Genetic diversity and population structure of Theileria parva in South Sudan, Diaeldin A. Salih, Joram M. Mwacharo, Roger Pelle, Moses N. Njahira, David O. Odongo, Mary N. Mbole-Kariuki, Wani L. Marcellino, Agol K. Malak, Henary Kiara, Abdel Rahim M. El Hussein, Richard P. Bishop, and Robert A. Skilton

Genetic Diversity, Distribution, and Genomic Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains in Kenya, Shahiid Kiyaga, Cecilia Kyany'a, Angela W. Muraya, Hunter J. Smith, Emma G. Mills, Caleb Kibet, Gerald Mboowa, and Lillian Musila

Genetic diversity in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] as revealed by RAPD markers, Fana Sylla Ba, Remy S. Pasquet, and Paul Gepts

Genetic diversity of Aedes aegypti populations from Kisumu and Busia counties, western Kenya, and their vector competence for chikungunya virus, Victor O. Anyango, Solomon Langat, Francis Mulwa, James Mutisya, Hellen Koka, Collins Okoyo, Edith Chepkorir, Samson Konongoi, Anncarol Karanja, Glennah Kerubo, Rosemary Sang, and Joel Lutomiah

Genetic Diversity of Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Species Attacking Amaranth and Nightshades in Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Kenya and Tanzania, A. C. Kipnyargis, F. M. Khamis, E. U. Kenya, S. Ekesi, and K. K.M. Fiaboe

Genetic Diversity of Aphid Species attacking Amaranth and Nightshades in Different Agro-Ecological zones of Kenya and Tanzania, Alex Cherutich Kipnyargis

Genetic diversity of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) unravels phylogeographic structure and invasion history of eastern African populations, Inusa Jacob Ajene, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, Barbara van Asch, Gerhard Pietersen, Nurhussen Seid, Anne Wambui Wairimu, Fidelis Levi Ombura, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Mamoudou Sétamou, Sevgan Subramanian, Samira Mohammed, and Sunday Ekesi

Genetic diversity of Tamarixia radiata populations and their associated endosymbiont wolbachia species from China, Hafiza Javaria Ashraf, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Irum Mukhtar, Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila, Muhammad Qasim, Wenjie Wang, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, and Liande Wang

Genetic diversity of the African geocarpic legume Kersting's groundnut, Macrotyloma geocarpum (Tribe phaseoleae: Fabaceae), R. S. Pasquet, G. Mergeai, and J. P. Baudoin

Genetic diversity of the Pneumococcal CbpA: Implications for next-generation vaccine development, Muna F. Abry, Kelvin M. Kimenyi, Fred O. Osowo, Willingtone O. Odhiambo, Steven O. Sewe, and Benard W. Kulohoma

Genetic footprints of adaptive divergence in the bracovirus of Cotesia sesamiae identified by targeted resequencing, Jérémy Gauthier, Philippe Gayral, Bruno Pierre Le Ru, Séverine Jancek, Stéphane Dupas, Laure Kaiser, Gabor Gyapay, and Elisabeth A. Herniou

Genetic hitchhiking and resistance evolution to transgenic Bt toxins: Insights from the African stalk borer Busseola fusca (Noctuidae), P. Campagne, C. Capdevielle-Dulac, R. Pasquet, S. J. Cornell, M. Kruger, J. F. Silvain, B. Lerü, and J. Van Den Berg

Genetic hitchhiking and resistance evolution to transgenic Bt toxins: Insights from the African stalk borer Busseola fusca (Noctuidae), H. K. KIARA, S. ESSUMAN, E. O. OSIR, and B. A. OKWAKPAM

Genetic markers associated with resistance to beta-lactam and quinolone antimicrobials in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from humans and animals in central Ethiopia, Tadesse Eguale, Josephine Birungi, Daniel Asrat, Moses N. Njahira, Joyce Njuguna, Wondwossen A. Gebreyes, John S. Gunn, Appolinaire Djikeng, and Ephrem Engidawork

Genetic relationships among subspecies of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. based on allozyme variation, R. S. Pasquet

Genetics and immunity of Anopheles response to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae overlap with immunity to Plasmodium, Tullu Bukhari, Vishukumar Aimanianda, Emmanuel Bischoff, Emma Brito-Fravallo, Karin Eiglmeier, Michelle M. Riehle, Kenneth D. Vernick, and Christian Mitri

Genetics of resistance to Aphis craccivora in cowpea, S. M. Githiri, K. Ampong-Nyarko, E. O. Osir, and P. M. Kimani

Genetic structure and diversity of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis in a French bean agroecosystem of Kenya, P. Hondelmann, J. O. Nyasani, S. Subramanian, and R. Meyhöfer

Genetic structure and mating system of wild cowpea populations in West Africa, Eric B. Kouam, Remy S. Pasquet, Pascal Campagne, Jean Baptiste Tignegre, Kevin Thoen, Remi Gaudin, Jeremy T. Ouedraogo, Abdulai B. Salifu, Geoffrey M. Muluvi, and Paul Gepts

Genetic structure and origin of Busseola fusca populations in Cameroon, Michel Sezonlin, Rose Ndemah, Georg Goergen, Bruno Le Rü, Stéphane Dupas, and Jean François Silvain

Genetic variation and host–parasite specificity of Striga resistance and tolerance in rice: the need for predictive breeding, Jonne Rodenburg, Mamadou Cissoko, Nicholas Kayongo, Ibnou Dieng, Jenipher Bisikwa, Runyambo Irakiza, Isaac Masoka, Charles A.O. Midega, and Julie D. Scholes

Genetic Variation and Population Structure of the Old World Bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1808) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Ethiopia, Tarekegn Fite, Tadele Tefera, Martin Husemann, Gezahegne Getaneh, and Jandouwe Villinger

Genetic variation in two field populations and a laboratory colony of Glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae)., S. A. Nesbitt, R. H. Gooding, and B. M. Rolseth

Genetic variation in two populations of the brown ear tick, Rhipicephalus Appendicula tus, in Kenya, Frederick N. Baliraine

Genetic variation in two populations of the brown ear tick, Rhipicephalus Appendicula tus, in Kenya, Frederick N. Baliraine

Genetic Variation in Two Populations of the Brown Ear Tick, Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus, in Kenya, Fredrick Ndhoga Baliraine

Genome-block expression-assisted association studies discover malaria resistance genes in Anopheles gambiae, Jun Li, Xiaohong Wang, Genwei Zhang, John I. Githure, Guiyun Yan, and Anthony A. James

Genome sequence analysis of in vitro and in vivo phenotypes of Bunyamwera and Ngari virus isolates from Northern Kenya, Collins Odhiambo, Marietjie Venter, Konongoi Limbaso, Robert Swanepoel, and Rosemary Sang

Genome sequence of Mycoplasma feriruminatoris sp. nov., a fast-growing Mycoplasma species, Anne Fischer, Ivette Santana-Cruz, Michelle Giglio, Suvarna Nadendla, Elliott Drabek, Edy M. Vilei, Joachim Frey, and Joerg Jores

Genome sequence of the Drosophila melanogaster male-killing Spiroplasma strain MSRO endosymbiont, Juan C. Paredes, Jeremy K. Herren, Fanny Schüpfer, Ray Marin, Stéphane Claverol, Chih Horng Kuo, Bruno Lemaitre, and Laure Béven

Genome sequence of the tsetse fly (Glossina morsitans ): Vector of African trypanosomiasis, Junichi Watanabe, Masahira Hattori, Matthew Berriman, Michael J. Lehane, Neil Hall, Philippe Solano, Serap Aksoy, Winston Hide, Yeya Touré, Geoffrey M. Attardo, Alistair C. Darby, Atsushi Toyoda, Christiane Hertz-Fowler, Denis M. Larkin, James A. Cotton, Mandy J. Sanders, Martin T. Swain, Michael A. Quail, Noboru Inoue, Sophie Ravel, Todd D. Taylor, Tulika P. Srivastava, Vineet Sharma, Wesley Warren, Richard K. Wilson, Yutaka Suzuki, Daniel Lawson, and Daniel S.T. Hughes

Genome Sequence Of Tsetse Polydnavirus: Insights Into Symbiotic Virus Evolution, Kelvin M. Kimenyi

Genome-wide analysis of signatures of selection in populations of African honey bees (Apis mellifera) using new web-based tools, Zachary L. Fuller, Elina L. Niño, Harland M. Patch, Oscar C. Bedoya-Reina, Tracey Baumgarten, Elliud Muli, Fiona Mumoki, Aakrosh Ratan, John McGraw, Maryann Frazier, Daniel Masiga, Stephen Schuster, Christina M. Grozinger, and Webb Miller

Genome wide association analysis of a stemborer egg induced “call-for-help” defence trait in maize, Amanuel Tamiru, Rajneesh Paliwal, Samuel J. Manthi, Damaris A. Odeny, Charles A.O. Midega, Zeyaur R. Khan, John A. Pickett, and Toby J.A. Bruce

Genome-Wide Comparative Analysis of Chemosensory Gene Families in Five Tsetse Fly Species, Rosaline Macharia, Paul Mireji, Edwin Murungi, Grace Murilla, Alan Christoffels, Serap Aksoy, and Daniel Masiga

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) in Diaphorina citri and Their Expression Patterns Induced by the Endophyte Beauveria bassiana, Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila, Hafiza Javaira Ashraf, Jessica Paola Sánchez Moreano, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Liuyang Lu, Xiaofang Li, Jingyi Lin, Qing Wu, and Liande Wang

Genome-wide patterns of bracovirus chromosomal integration into multiple host tissues during parasitism, Héloïse Muller, Mohamed Amine Chebbi, Clémence Bouzar, George Périquet, Taiadjana Fortuna, Paul André Calatayud, Bruno Le Ru, Julius Obonyo, Laure Kaiser, Jean Michel Drezen, Elisabeth Huguet, and Clément Gilbert

Genome-wide patterns of gene expression during aging in the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, Mei Hui Wang, Osvaldo Marinotti, Anthony A. James, Edward Walker, John Githure, and Guiyun Yan

Genomic analysis reveals independent evolution of Plasmodium falciparum populations in Ethiopia, Deriba Abera, Caleb K. Kibet, Teshome Degefa, Lucas Amenga-Etego, Joel L. Bargul, and Lemu Golassa

Genomic epidemiology of the rotavirus G2P[4] strains in coastal Kenya pre- and post-rotavirus vaccine introduction, 2012–8, Timothy O. Makori, Joel L. Bargul, Arnold W. Lambisia, Mike J. Mwanga, Nickson Murunga, Zaydah R. de Laurent, Clement S. Lewa, Martin Mutunga, Paul Kellam, Matthew Cotten, D. James Nokes, My Phan, and Charles N. Agoti

Genotypic response of brachiaria (Urochloa spp.) to spider mite (Oligonychus trichardti) (Acari: Tetranychidae) and adaptability to different environments, Duncan Cheruiyot, Charles A.O. Midega, Edward A. Ueckermann, Johnnie Van den Berg, John A. Pickett, and Zeyaur R. Khan

Genotypic responses of brachiaria grass (Brachiaria spp.) accessions to drought stress, Duncan Cheruiyot, Charles Aura Odhiambo Midega, Johnnie Van den Berg, John Anthony Pickett, and Zeyaur Rahman Khan

Genotyping of Theileria lestoquardi from sheep and goats in Sudan to support control of Malignant Ovine Theileriosis, A. M. Ali, D. A. Salih, M. N. Njahira, S. K. Hassan, A. M. EL Hussein, Z. Liu, H. Yin, R. Pelle, and R. A. Skilton

Geographic and breed distribution patterns of an A/G polymorphism present in the Mx gene suggests balanced selection in village chickens, S. Ommeh, L. N. Jin, H. Eding, F. C. Muchadeyi, S. Sulandari, M. S.A. Zein, G. Danbaro, C. E. Wani, S. G. Zhao, Q. H. Nie, X. Q. Zhang, M. Ndila, R. Preisinger, G. H. Chen, I. A. Yousif, K. N. Heo, S. J. Oh, M. Tapio, D. Masiga, O. Hanotte, H. Jianlin, and S. Weigend

Geographic differences in host acceptance and suitability of two Cotesia sesamiae populations in Zimbabwe, P. Chinwada, W. A. Overholt, C. O. Omwega, and J. M. Mueke

Geographic dispersion of invasive crop pests: the role of basal, plastic climate stress tolerance and other complementary traits in the tropics, Casper Nyamukondiwa, Honest Machekano, Frank Chidawanyika, Reyard Mutamiswa, Gang Ma, and Chu Sen Ma

Geographic distribution and host plant ranges of East African noctuid stem borers, Bruno Pierre Le Rü, George Otieno Ong’amo, Pascal Moyal, Eric Muchugu, Leonard Ngala, Boaz Musyoka, Zainab Abdullah, Teddy Matama-Kauma, Vuai Yahya Lada, Beatrice Pallangyo, Charles O. Omwega, Fritz Schulthess, Paul André Calatayud, and Jean François Silvain

Geographic distribution, host fruit, and parasitoids of African fruit fly pests Ceratitis anonae, Ceratitis cosyra, Ceratitis fasciventris, and Ceratitis rosa (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Kenya, Robert S. Copeland, Robert A. Wharton, Quentin Luke, Marc De Meyer, Slawomir Lux, Nikolaus Zenz, Peris Machera, and Millicent Okumu

Geographic distribution, host range and perennation of Cotesia sesamiae and Cotesia flavipes Cameron in cultivated and natural habitats in Kenya, Duna Madu Mailafiya, Bruno Pierre Le Ru, Eunice Waitherero Kairu, Paul André Calatayud, and Stéphane Dupas

Geographic variation in host selection behaviour and reproductive success in the stemborer parasitoid Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), R. P.J. Potting, L. E.M. Vet, and W. A. Overholt

Geostatistical analysis of Cydia funebrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) pheromone trap catches at two spatial scales, Andrea Sciarretta, Pasquale Trematerra, and Johann Baumgärtner

Global Advances on Insect Pest Management Research in Oil Palm, James P. Egonyu, John Baguma, Luis C. Martínez, Hari Priwiratama, Sevgan Subramanian, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Jacob P. Anankware, Nanna Roos, and Saliou Niassy

Global biogeography of warning coloration in the butterfly Danaus chrysippus, Wanzhen Liu, David A.S. Smith, Gayatri Raina, Rowan Stanforth, Ivy Ng Iru, Piera Ireri, Dino J. Martins, Ian J. Gordon, and Simon H. Martin

Global Challenges After a Global Challenge: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic, Niloufar Yazdanpanah, Constantine Sedikides, Hans D. Ochs, Carlos A. Camargo, Gary L. Darmstadt, Artemi Cerda, Valentina Cauda, Godefridus J. Peters, Frank Sellke, Nathan D. Wong, Elisabetta Comini, Alberto Ruiz Jimeno, Vivette Glover, Nikos Hatziargyriou, Christian E. Vincenot, Stéphane P.A. Bordas, Idupulapati M. Rao, Hassan Abolhassani, Gevork B. Gharehpetian, Ralf Weiskirchen, Manoj Gupta, Shyam Singh Chandel, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Bruce Cheson, Alessio Pomponio, Michael Tanzer, Paul S. Myles, and Wen Xiu Ma

Global crop impacts, yield losses and action thresholds for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda): A review, Kathy Overton, James L. Maino, Roger Day, Paul A. Umina, Bosibori Bett, Daniela Carnovale, Sunday Ekesi, Robert Meagher, and Olivia L. Reynolds

Global emergence of Alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans, Lwande Wesula Olivia, Vincent Obanda, Göran Bucht, Gladys Mosomtai, Viola Otieno, Clas Ahlm, and Magnus Evander

Global habitat suitability of spodoptera frugiperda (Je smith) (lepidoptera, noctuidae): Key parasitoids considered for its biological control, Ghislain T. Tepa-Yotto, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Georg Goergen, Sevgan Subramanian, Emily Kimathi, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Daniel Flø, Karl H. Thunes, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Saliou Niassy, Anani Bruce, Samira A. Mohamed, Manuele Tamò, Sunday Ekesi, and May Guri Sæthre

Global overview of locusts as food, feed and other uses, J. P. Egonyu, S. Subramanian, C. M. Tanga, T. Dubois, S. Ekesi, and S. Kelemu

Global population genetic structure and demographic trajectories of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, Cengiz Kaya, Tomas N. Generalovic, Gunilla Ståhls, Martin Hauser, Ana C. Samayoa, Carlos G. Nunes-Silva, Heather Roxburgh, Jens Wohlfahrt, Ebenezer A. Ewusie, Marc Kenis, Yupa Hanboonsong, Jesus Orozco, Nancy Carrejo, Satoshi Nakamura, Laura Gasco, Santos Rojo, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Rudolf Meier, Clint Rhode, Christine J. Picard, Chris D. Jiggins, Florian Leiber, Jeffery K. Tomberlin, Martin Hasselmann, Wolf U. Blanckenhorn, Martin Kapun, and Christoph Sandrock

Global review of consumer preferences and willingness to pay for edible insects and derived products, Zewdu Abro, Kibrom T. Sibhatu, Gebeyehu Manie Fetene, Mohammed Hussen Alemu, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Subramanian Sevga, and Menale Kassie

Global risk of invasion by Bactrocera zonata: Implications on horticultural crop production under changing climatic conditions, Kumbirai M. Zingore, George Sithole, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Samira A. Mohamed, Sunday Ekesi, Chrysantus M. Tanga, and Mohammed E.E. Mahmoud

Global scientific progress and shortfalls in biological control of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, Kris A.G. Wyckhuys, Komivi S. Akutse, Divina M. Amalin, Salah Eddin Araj, Gloria Barrera, Marie Joy B. Beltran, Ibtissem Ben Fekih, Paul André Calatayud, Lizette Cicero, Marcellin C. Cokola, Yelitza C. Colmenarez, Kenza Dessauvages, Thomas Dubois, Léna Durocher-Granger, Carlos Espinel, Patrick Fallet, José L. Fernández-Triana, Frederic Francis, Juliana Gómez, Khalid Haddi, Rhett D. Harrison, Muhammad Haseeb, Natasha S.A. Iwanicki, Lara R. Jaber, Fathiya M. Khamis, Jesusa C. Legaspi, Refugio J. Lomeli-Flores, and Rogerio B. Lopes

Global strategies to manage huanglongbing (HLB) and its vectors: insights and implications for the Mediterranean region, Meritxell Pérez-Hedo, Mark S. Hoddle, Fernando Alferez, Lochy Batista, George A.C. Beattie, Shourish Chakravarty, Paul Holford, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, Inusa Jacob Ajene, Aruna Manrakhan, Paul H. Fourie, Maritza Luis, Eduardo Osorio-Hernández, Mamoudou Sétamou, Alejandro Tena, Pedro Takao Yamamoto, Tara Wade, Changyong Zhou, Nian Wang, Lukasz L. Stelinski, and Alberto Urbaneja

Glossina morsitans morsitans: Mortalities caused in adults by experimental infection with entomopathogenic fungi, Godwin P. Kaaya

Glossina proteolytic lectin does not require a carbohydrate moiety for enzymatic or trypanosome-transforming activities, Daniel N. Amin, Shizuo G. Kamita, Geoffrey M. Muluvi, Jesse Machuka, Bruce D. Hammock, and Ellie O. Osir

Going green to embrace aesthetic reflections and sustainable library building: A case study of USIU-A Library as a benchmark of Kenyan libraries, Arnold Mwanzu

Gonadal lesions in virus-infected male and female tsetse, Glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae), W. G.Z.O. Jura, Thomas R. Odhiambo, L. H. Otieno, and N. O. Tabu

Grain handling and storage practices of grain traders in Kenya and its implications in reducing food losses, Ann Gitau, Dora Kilalo, John Nderitu, Esayas Mendesil, and Tadele Tefera

Grain yield losses in maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes in relation to their resistance against Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) infestation at anthesis, Harish Kumar and Gershon O. Asino

Grand Challenges in Vector-Borne Disease Control Targeting Vectors, Baldwyn Torto and David P. Tchouassi

Grass-like plants release general volatile cues attractive for gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto mosquitoes, Getachew E. Bokore, Linus Svenberg, Richard Tamre, Patrick Onyango, Tullu Bukhari, Åsa Emmer, and Ulrike Fillinger

Gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto avoid ovipositing in Bermuda grass hay infusion and it's volatiles in two choice egg-count bioassays, Lynda K. Eneh, Michael N. Okal, Anna Karin Borg-Karlson, Ulrike Fillinger, and Jenny M. Lindh

Greenhouse trials of new Bacillus thuringiensis isolates for control of Chilo partellus larvae in sorghum, Michael Brownbridge

Green oak leaf roller moth dynamics: An application of discrete time mathematical models, Lev V. Nedorezov and Dinara L. Sadykova

Green tea proanthocyanidins cause impairment of hormone-regulated larval development and reproductive fitness via repression of juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase, insulin-like peptide and cytochrome P450 genes in Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, Jackson M. Muema, Steven G. Nyanjom, James M. Mutunga, Sospeter N. Njeru, and Joel L. Bargul

Grower adoption of an integrated pest management package for management of mango-infesting fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Embu, Kenya, J. K. Korir, H. D. Affognon, C. N. Ritho, W. S. Kingori, P. Irungu, S. A. Mohamed, and S. Ekesi

Growth-disrupting Murraya koenigii leaf extracts on Anopheles gambiae larvae and identification of associated candidate bioactive constituents, Clarence Maikuri Mang'era, Ahmed Hassanali, Fathiya M. Khamis, Martin K. Rono, Wilber Lwande, Charles Mbogo, and Paul O. Mireji

Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of the African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Reared on Diets Containing Black Soldier fly (hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal, Anderson Maina Njoroge

Guarding vibrations—axestotrigona ferruginea produces vibrations when encountering non-nestmates, Kathrin Krausa, Felix A. Hager, and Wolfgang H. Kirchner

Gut bacterial community of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is driven by rice varieties, Sheng Lin, Bang Zhang, Qiang Li, Xue wen Li, Qi tang Guo, Wen le Chen, Hui yu Jiao, Komivi Senyo Akutse, and Xiang zhen Zhu

Gut microbiota assemblages of generalist predators are driven by local- and landscape-scale factors, Hafiz Sohaib Ahmed Saqib, Linyang Sun, Gabor Pozsgai, Pingping Liang, Mohsan Ullah Goraya, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Minsheng You, Geoff M. Gurr, and Shijun You

Gut microbiota shift in layer pullets fed on black soldier fly larvae-based feeds towards enhancing healthy gut microbial community, Evalyne W. Ndotono, Fathiya M. Khamis, Joel L. Bargul, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Gynandropsis gynandra essential oil and its constituents as tick (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus) repellents, W. Lwande, A. J. Ndakala, A. Hassanali, L. Moreka, E. Nyandat, M. Ndungu, H. Amiani, P. M. Gitu, M. M. Malonza, and D. K. Punyua

H3ABioNet, a sustainable pan-African bioinformatics network for human heredity and health in Africa, Nicola J. Mulder, Ezekiel Adebiyi, Raouf Alami, Alia Benkahla, James Brandful, Seydou Doumbia, Dean Everett, Faisal M. Fadlelmola, Fatima Gaboun, Simani Gaseitsiwe, Hassan Ghazal, Scott Hazelhurst, Winston Hide, Azeddine Ibrahimi, Yasmina Jaufeerally Fakim, C. Victor Jongeneel, Fourie Joubert, Samar Kassim, Jonathan Kayondo, Judit Kumuthini, Sylvester Lyantagaye, Julie Makani, Ahmed Mansour Alzohairy, Daniel Masiga, Ahmed Moussa, Oyekanmi Nash, Odile Ouwe Missi Oukem-Boyer, and Ellis Owusu-Dabo

Habitat characteristics of Anopheles gambiae s.s. larvae in a Kenyan highland, N. Minakawa, G. Sonye, M. Mogi, and G. Yan

Habitat management and its impact on maize stemborer colonization and crop damage levels in Kenya and South Africa, C. A.O. Midega, Z. R. Khan, J. Van Den Berg, and C. K.P.O. Ogol

Habitat management in control of astylus atromaculatus (coleoptera: Melyridae) in maize under subsistence farming conditions in south africa, A. O. Midega, J. Van den Berg, and Z. R. Khan

Habitat management strategies for the control of cereal stemborers and striga in maize in kenya, Z. R. Khan, J. A. Pickett, L. Wadhams, and F. Muyekho

Habitat opening fostered diversity: impact of dispersal and habitat-shifts in the evolutionary history of a speciose afrotropical insect group, Noémie M.C. Hévin, Paul Z. Goldstein, Kwaku Aduse-Poku, Jérôme Barbut, Andrew Mitchell, Alberto Zilli, Anne Laure Clamens, Claire Capdevielle-Dulac, Niklas Wahlberg, Bruno P. Le Ru, and Gael J. Kergoat

HAbitat preferences and activity patterns of glossina swynnertoni austen (dlpterai glossinidae) in Altong, Masai Mara, Kenya, Paul N. Ndegwa, Steve Mihok, and Florence A. Oyieke

Habitat segregation among African treehole mosquitoes, L. P. LOUNIBOS

Habitat suitability and distribution potential of Liberibacter species (“Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” and “Candidatus Liberibacter africanus”) associated with citrus greening disease, Inusa Jacob Ajene, Fathiya Khamis, Barbara van Asch, Gerhard Pietersen, Brenda Amondi Rasowo, Sunday Ekesi, and Samira Mohammed

Haematology of N’Dama and West African shorthorn cattle herds under natural Trypanosoma vivax challenge in Ghana, Ebenezer Yaw Ganyo, Johnson N. Boampong, Daniel K. Masiga, Jandouwe Villinger, and Paa Kobina Turkson

Haemolymph Ecdysteroids and the prothoracic glands in the solitary and gregarious adults of Schistocerca gregaria, Amer I. Tawfik, Anna Vedrová, Weiwei Li, František Sehnal, and D. Obeng-Ofori

Haemolymph Ecdysteroids in the Solitary and Gregarious Larvae of Schistocerca gregaria, Amer I. Tawfik, Anna Mat'hová, František Sehnal, and Sayed H. Ismail

Haemolymph pigment composition as a chemometric indicator of phase in the desert locust, schistocerca gregaria, Hassane Mahamat, Ahmed Hassanali, and David Munyinyi

Harnessing butterfly biodiversity for improving livelihoods and forest conservation: The Kipepeo Project, Ian Gordon and Washington Ayiemba

Harnessing data science to improve integrated management of invasive pest species across Africa: An application to Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Ritter A. Guimapi, Saliou Niassy, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman, Ghislain T. Tepa-Yotto, Sevgan Subramanian, Samira A. Mohamed, Karl H. Thunes, Emily Kimathi, Komi Mensah Agboka, Manuele Tamò, Jean Claude Rwaburindi, Buyung Hadi, Maged Elkahky, May Guri Sæthre, Yeneneh Belayneh, Sunday Ekesi, Segenet Kelemu, and Henri E.Z. Tonnang

Harnessing ecosystem services in transforming agriculture in Southern Africa, Barbara Gemmill-Herren, Florence Mtambanengwe, Paul Mapfumo, Gisèle L. Herren, Tlou S. Masehela, Philip C. Stevenson, and Jeremy K. Herren

Harnessing eDNA Metabarcoding to Monitor Species Diversity in Restoration Sites: Insights From Laikipia, Kenya, Cornelius Okello, Nina Wambiji, Susana W. Kihia, Nehemiah Ongeso, Samuel Mwakisha Mwamburi, Anthony Wandera, Marie Estelle Demory, and Margaret Awuor Owuor

Has Rift Valley fever virus evolved with increasing severity in human populations in East Africa?, Marycelin Baba, Daniel K. Masiga, Rosemary Sang, and Jandouwe Villinger

Has Rift Valley fever virus evolved with increasing severity in human populations in East Africa?, J. K. STILES, L. H. OTIENO, M. F.B. CHAUDHURY, and S. K. MOLOO

HBeeID: a molecular tool that identifies honey bee subspecies from different geographic populations, Ravikiran Donthu, Jose A.P. Marcelino, Rosanna Giordano, Yudong Tao, Everett Weber, Arian Avalos, Mark Band, Tatsiana Akraiko, Shu Ching Chen, Maria P. Reyes, Haiping Hao, Yarira Ortiz-Alvarado, Charles A. Cuff, Eddie Pérez Claudio, Felipe Soto-Adames, Allan H. Smith-Pardo, William G. Meikle, Jay D. Evans, Tugrul Giray, Faten B. Abdelkader, Mike Allsopp, Daniel Ball, Susana B. Morgado, Shalva Barjadze, Adriana Correa-Benitez, Amina Chakir, David R. Báez, and Nabor H.M. Chavez

Health and environmental effects of adopting an integrated fruit fly management strategy among mango farmers in Kenya, Chris Miyinzi Mwungu, Beatrice Muriithi, Vincent Ngeno, Hippolyte Affognon, Caroline Githiomi, Gracious Diiro, and Sunday Ekesi

Health education impact on knowledge and management of arboviral diseases in Kenya: Evidence from randomised control trials, Paul Nyamweya Nyangau, Jonathan Makau Nzuma, Patrick Irungu, Sandra Junglen, and Menale Kassie

Health Seeking Behaviour in Malaria Treatment by the Fishing Community of Rusinga Island, Western Kenya, Jacqueline E. Oduke

Heavy metals in mosquito larval habitats in urban Kisumu and Malindi, Kenya, and their impact, Robert R. Jackson and Duane P. Harland

Heavy metals in mosquito larval habitats in urban Kisumu and Malindi, Kenya, and their impact, Paul O. Mireji, Joseph Keating, Ahmed Hassanali, Charles M. Mbogo, Hudson Nyambaka, Samuel Kahindi, and John C. Beier

Heavy Metals in Sugarcane Juice and Soils: a Comparative Study of Part of Nairobi River Basin and Nyahururu Farms, Solomon Kamau

Heavy Metals in Sugarcane Juice and Soils: a Comparative Study of Part of Nairobi River Basin and Nyahururu Farms, Solomon Kamau

Helminths associated with terrestrial slugs in some parts of Europe, Anna Filipiak, Solveig Haukeland, Kamila S. Zając, Dorota Lachowska-Cierlik, and Bjørn A. Hatteland

Herbivore intraguild interactions decrease ectoparasitoid Bracon nigricans parasitism of Phthorimaea absoluta and responses to tomato volatiles, Kokou Rodrigue Fiaboe, Abdullahi Ahmed Yusuf, Baldwyn Torto, and Fathiya Mbarak Khamis

Hexamermis glossinae [Nematoda: Mermithidae] parasitizing tsetse [Diptera: Glossinidae] in Kenya, M. O. Odindo and W. M. Hominick

High carbon and biodiversity costs from converting Africa's wet savannahs to cropland, Timothy D. Searchinger, Lyndon Estes, Philip K. Thornton, Tim Beringer, An Notenbaert, Daniel Rubenstein, Ralph Heimlich, Rachel Licker, and Mario Herrero

High fertilizer rates increase susceptibility of tea to water stress, Erick K. Cheruiyot, Louis M. Mumera, Wilson K. Ng'etich, Ahmed Hassanali, and Francis N. Wachira

High multiple carriage and emergence of Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine serotype variants in Malawian children, Arox W. Kamng'ona, Jason Hinds, Naor Bar-Zeev, Katherine A. Gould, Chrispin Chaguza, Chisomo Msefula, Jennifer E. Cornick, Benard W. Kulohoma, Katherine Gray, Stephen D. Bentley, Neil French, Robert S. Heyderman, and Dean B. Everett

High pesticide tolerance of S. mansoni: implications for the risk of schistosomiasis, Akbar A. Ganatra, Francis McOdimba, Salim Kaneno, Jeremias M. Becker, Naeem Shahid, Henner Hollert, Matthias Liess, Eric L. Agola, and Ulrike Fillinger

High quality draft genomes of the Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides challenge strains Afadé and B237, Anne Fischer, Ivette Santana-Cruz, Jan Hegerman, Hadrien Gourlé, Elise Schieck, Mathieu Lambert, Suvarna Nadendla, Hezron Wesonga, Rachel A. Miller, Sanjay Vashee, Johann Weber, Jochen Meens, Joachim Frey, and Joerg Jores

High-resolution melting analysis reveals low Plasmodium parasitaemia infections among microscopically negative febrile patients in western Kenya, Purity N. Kipanga, David Omondi, Paul O. Mireji, Patrick Sawa, Daniel K. Masiga, and Jandouwe Villinger

High risk for human exposure to rift valley fever virus in communities living along livestock movement routes: A cross-sectional survey in Kenya, Caroline Tigoi, Rosemary Sang, Edith Chepkorir, Benedict Orindi, Samuel Okello Arum, Francis Mulwa, Gladys Mosomtai, Samson Limbaso, Osama A. Hassan, Zephania Irura, Clas Ahlm, and Magnus Evander

High seasonal variation in entomologic inoculation rates in Eritrea, a semi-arid region of unstable malaria in Africa, Josephat Shililu, Tewolde Ghebremeskel, Solomon Mengistu, Helen Fekadu, Mehari Zerom, Charles Mbogo, John Githure, Robert Novak, Eugene Brantly, and John C. Beier

Histological and size changes in corpora allata and prothoracic glands during development of Macrotermes michaelseni (Isoptera), B. M. Okot-Kotber

Histological reactions to bites of Amblyomma variagatum and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Acari: Ixodidae) fed simultaneously on naive or sensitized rabbits., A. A. Latif, J. N. Maina, T. S. Dhadialla, and S. Nokoe

Histology and ultrastructure of olfactory and nasal respiratory mucosae in suckling and adult African grasscutters (Thryonomys swinderianus- Temminck, 1827), Boniface M. Kavoi and Shem J. Ochieng’

Histopathology of attachment sites of Amblyomma variegatum and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus on Zebu cattle of varying resistance to ticks, A. A. Latif, D. K. Punyua, P. B. Capstick, S. Nokoe, A. R. Walker, and J. D. Fletcher

Hologenomic speciation: Synergy between a male-killing bacterium and sex-linkage creates a 'magic trait' in a butterfly hybrid zone, Ian J. Gordon, Piera Ireri, and David A.S. Smith

Homology model of 30S ribosomal subunit from Mycobacteria tuberculosis, Peterson Gitonga Mathenge

Honey bee colony losses and causes during the active beekeeping season 2022/2023 in nine Sub-Saharan African countries, Beatrice T. Nganso, Workneh Ayalew, Abebe J. Wubie, Freweini Assefa, Lulseged Belayhun, Nelly N. Ndungu, Daniel Toroitich, Z. Ngalo Otieno-Ayayo, Mbatha B. Wambua, Yudah O. Oyieyo, Ntirenganya Elie, Rachidatou Sikirou, Souradji B. Idrissou, Willy Mwiza, S. Turner, Bridget O. Bobadoye, Sidonie T. Fameni, Sayemie Gaboe, Mawufe K. Agbodzavu, Patrick Mafwila, Geraud C. Tasse Taboue, Kimathi Emily, Tonnang Z.E. Henri, Saliou Niassy, Simplice N. Fonkou, Christian W.W. Pirk, Alison Gray, and Robert Brodschneider

Honey compositional convergence and the parallel domestication of social bees, Pierre Noiset, Nathalie Cabirol, Marcelo Rojas-Oropeza, Natapot Warrit, Kiatoko Nkoba, and Nicolas J. Vereecken

Horizontal transmission of Metarhizium anisopliae between Spoladea recurvalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) adults and compatibility of the fungus with the attractant phenylacetaldehyde, Selpha Opisa, Hannalene du Plessis, Komivi S. Akutse, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, and Sunday Ekesi

Horizontal transmission of Metarhizium anisopliae in fruit flies and effect of fungal infection on egg laying and fertility, Susan Dimbi, Nguya K. Maniania, and Sunday Ekesi

Horizontal transmission of mycotic infection in adult tsetse, Glossina morsitans morsitans, G. P. Kaaya and M. A. Okech

Horizontal Transmission of the Symbiont Microsporidia MB in Anopheles arabiensis, Godfrey Nattoh, Tracy Maina, Edward E. Makhulu, Lilian Mbaisi, Enock Mararo, Fidel G. Otieno, Tullu Bukhari, Thomas O. Onchuru, Evan Teal, Juan Paredes, Joel L. Bargul, David M. Mburu, Everline A. Onyango, Gabriel Magoma, Steven P. Sinkins, and Jeremy K. Herren

Horticultural pest management and the African economy: Successes, challenges and opportunities in a changing global environment, S. Ekesi, A. Chabi-Olaye, S. Subramanian, and C. Borgemeister

Host acceptance, suitability, and effects of host deprivation on the west african egg parasitoid telenomus isis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) reared on east african stemborers under varying temperature and relative humidity regimens, Anani Yaovi Bruce, Fritz Schulthess, and Jones Mueke

Host blood meals and chromosomal inversion polymorphism in Anopheles arabiensis in the Baringo District of Kenya., A. E. Mnzava, M. J. Mutinga, and C. Staak

Host choice and multiple blood feeding behaviour of malaria vectors and other anophelines in Mwea rice scheme, Kenya, Simon M. Muriu, Ephantus J. Muturi, Josephat I. Shililu, Charles M. Mbogo, Joseph M. Mwangangi, Benjamin G. Jacob, Lucy W. Irungu, Richard W. Mukabana, John I. Githure, and Robert J. Novak

Host genotype by parasite genotype interactions underlying the resistance of anopheline mosquitoes to Plasmodium falciparum, Louis Lambrechts, Jean Halbert, Patrick Durand, Louis C. Gouagna, and Jacob C. Koella

Host location and acceptance by Cotesia flavipes Cameron and C. sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitoids of african gramineous stemborers: Role of frass and other host cues, Adele J. Ngi-Song and William A. Overholt

Host-parasitoid community model and its potential application in biological control of cereal stemborers in Kenya, Nanqing Jiang, Goufa Zhou, William A. Overholt, and Fritz Schulthess

Host–Parasitoid Phenology, Distribution, and Biological Control under Climate Change, Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila, Xu Li, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Jessica Paola Sánchez Moreano, Zhiyang Lie, and Juxiu Liu

Host Plant-Based Artificial Diets Enhance Development, Survival and Fecundity of the Edible Long-Horned Grasshopper Ruspolia differens (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), Alfonce Leonard, James P. Egonyu, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Samuel Kyamanywa, Sunday Ekesi, Fathiya M. Khamis, and Sevgan Subramanian

Host plant diversity of Sesamia calamistis: Cytochrome b gene sequences reveal local genetic differentiation, G. O. Ong'amo, B. P. Le Rü, P. Moyal, P. A. Calatayud, P. Le Gall, C. K.P.O. Ogol, E. D. Kokwaro, C. Capdevielle-Dulac, and J. F. Silvain

Host plant effects on morphometric characteristics of Liriomyza huidobrensis, L.sativae and L.trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae), R. Musundire, A. Chabi-Olaye, and K. Krüger

Host plant forensics and olfactory-based detection in Afro-tropical mosquito disease vectors, Vincent O. Nyasembe, David P. Tchouassi, Christian W.W. Pirk, Catherine L. Sole, and Baldwyn Torto

Host plant preferences of populations of helicoverpa armigera (Hiibner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from different geographic locations, S. Firempong and M. P. Zalucki

Host plant preferences of populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from different geographic locations, S. Firempong and M. P. Zalucki

Host plant-related parasitism and host feeding activities of diglyphus isaea (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) on liriomyza huidobrensis, liriomyza sativae, and liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae), Robert Musundire, Adenirin Chabi-Olaye, Daisy Salifu, and Kerstin Krüger

Host–plant relationships and natural enemies of the invasive mealybug, Rastrococcus iceryoides Green in Kenya and Tanzania, C. M. Tanga, S. Ekesi, P. Govender, and S. A. Mohamed

Host plant resistance among tomato accessions to the spider mite Tetranychus evansi in Kenya, G. K. Onyambus, R. O. Maranga, L. M. Gitonga, and M. Knapp

Host plants and host plant preference studies for Bactrocera invadens (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Kenya, a new invasive fruit fly species in Africa, Ivan Rwomushana, Sunday Ekesi, Ian Gordon, and Callistus K.P.O. Ogol

Host plants and species diversity of Mussidia (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Kenya, Benjamin Kimwele Muli, Fritz Schulthess, and Johnnie Van Den Berg

Host plant selection behaviour of Chilo partellus and its implication for effectiveness of a trap crop, Charles A.O. Midega, Zeyaur R. Khan, John A. Pickett, and Sören Nylin

Host plant selection by helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): The role of some herbivore attributes, S. Firempong and M. P. Zalucki

Host plants record for tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in Sudan, E. S.I. Mohamed, M. E.E. Mahmoud, M. A.M. Elhaj, S. A. Mohamed, and S. Ekesi

Host plant toxicity affects developmental rates in a polyphagous fruit fly: Experimental evidence, Nathalie Erbout, Marc De Meyer, Carl Vangestel, and Luc Lens

Host preference and suitability of some selected crops for two biotypes of Bemisia tabaci in Ghana, A. B. Omondi, D. Obeng-Ofori, R. A. Kyerematen, and E. Y. Danquah

Host preference of Xanthopimpla stemmator (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and its reproductive performance on selected African lepidopteran stem borers, C. W. Gitau, A. J. Ngi-Song, S. A. Otieno, and W. A. Overholt

Host Range and Effects of Plant Species on Preference and Fitness of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Gamal E.A. Idriss, Hannalene Du Plessis, Fathiya M. Khamis, Sunday Ekesi, Chrysantus M. Tanga, and Samira A. Mohamed

Host‐range of the lesion nematode, pratylenchus goodeyi commonly found in highland bananas of east africa, A. S.S. Mbwana, S. W. Waudo, and K. V. Seshu‐reddy

Host recognition and acceptance behaviour in Cotesia sesamiae and C. flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitoids of gramineous stemborers in Africa, Meshack Obonyo, Fritz Schulthess, Bruno Le Ru, Johnnie van den Berg, and Paul André Calatayud

Host recognition by the tick parasitoid Ixodiphagus hookeri (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), Keiji Takasu, Shun Ichiro Takano, Mitsuru Sasaki, Shigemi Yagi, and Satoshi Nakamura

Host records for fruit-feeding afrotropical tortricidae (Lepidoptera), J. W. Brown, R. S. Copeland, L. Aarvik, S. E. Miller, M. E. Rosati, and Q. Luke

Host shift to peas in the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and response of its parasitoid Diadegma mollipla (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), A. Rossbach, B. Löhr, and S. Vidal

Host species, age and sex as factors affecting the susceptibility of the African Tephritid fruit fly species, Ceratitis capitata, C. cosyra and C. fasciventris to infection by Metarhizium anisopliae, S. Dimbi, N. K. Maniania, S. A. Lux, and J. M. Mueke

Host species and site of collection shape the microbiota of rift valley fever vectors in Kenya, David P. Tchouassi, Ephantus J. Muturi, Samwel O. Arum, Chang Hyun Kim, Christopher J. Fields, and Baldwyn Torto

Host-specific cues cause differential attractiveness of Kenyan men to the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Willem Takken, Richard Coe, and Bart G.J. Knols

Host specificity of Psyttalia cosyrae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and the effect of different host species on parasitoid fitness, Samira A. Mohamed, William A. Overholt, Robert A. Wharton, Slawomir A. Lux, and Elameen M. Eltoum

Host stage preference and parasitism behaviour of Aenasius bambawalei an encyrtid parasitoid of Phenacoccus solenopsis, Hayat Badshah, Farman Ullah, Paul Andre Calatayud, and Neil Crickmore

Host stage preference and performance of Dolichogenidea gelechiidivoris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a candidate for classical biological control of Tuta absoluta in Africa, Pascal Osa Aigbedion-Atalor, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Martin P. Hill, Myron P. Zalucki, Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag, Ramasamy Srinivasan, and Sunday Ekesi

Host stage preference and performance of the aphid parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Brevicoryne brassicae and Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Sylvia W.R. Khakasa, Samira A. Mohamed, Zipporah O. Lagat, Fathiya M. Khamis, and Chrysantus M. Tanga

Host suitability and feeding preference of the African citrus triozid Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae), natural vector of “Candidatus Liberibacter africanus”, Owusu Fordjour Aidoo, Chrysantus Mbi Tanga, Fathiya Mbarak Khamis, Brenda Amondi Rasowo, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed, Benjamin Kongyeli Badii, Daisy Salifu, Mamoudou Sétamou, Sunday Ekesi, and Christian Borgemeister

Host suitability and thermal requirements of Lathromeris ovicida Risbec (Hymenoptera: Tricliogrammatidae), an egg parasitoid of cereal stemborers in Africa, A. Chabi-Olaye, M. K. Fiaboe, and F. Schulthess

Host suitability of four cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, noctuidae) for different geographic populations of Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Kenya, Moses B. Mochiah, Adele J. Ngi-Song, William A. Overholt, and M. Botchey

Host suitability of three avocado cultivars (Persea americana Miller: Lauraceae) to oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera (invadens) dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae)), Anthony B. Ware, C. L.Neethling du Toit, Erica du Toit, Richard Collins, Robert Clowes, Sunday Ekesi, and Samira A. Mohamed

Host tree-based scenario modelling for predicting a key edible insect, mopane worm Gonimbrasia belina (Westwood, 1894) distribution in Southern Africa, Q. J. Meltus, B. T. Mudereri, R. Mutamiswa, E. M. Abdel-Rahman, J. Matunhu, R. Musundire, S. Niassy, and H. E.Z. Tonnang

Hot Water Disinfestation Treatment Does Not Affect Physical and Biochemical Properties of Export Quality Mango Fruit [Mangifera indica L.], Shepard Ndlela, Francis Obala, Nelson L. Mwando, Abdullah M. Mkiga, Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag, and Samira A. Mohamed

Hot water treatment for post-harvest disinfestation of bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) and its effect on cv. tommy atkins mango, Nelson L. Mwando, Shepard Ndlela, Rainer Meyhöfer, Sevgan Subramanian, and Samira A. Mohamed

Household perception and infestation dynamics of bedbugs among residential communities and its potential distribution in Africa, Dennis M. Mbuta, Fathiya M. Khamis, Bonoukpoè M. Sokame, Florence Ng’ong’a, and Komivi S. Akutse

Household Tree Planting in Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia: Tree Species, Purposes, and Tenure Security, Zenebe Gebreegziabher, Alemu Mekonnen, Menale Kassie, and Gunnar Köhlin

House Screening Reduces Exposure to Indoor Host-Seeking and Biting Malaria Vectors: Evidence from Rural South-East Zambia, Kochelani Saili, Christiaan de Jager, Freddie Masaninga, Onyango P. Sangoro, Theresia E. Nkya, Likulunga Emmanuel Likulunga, Jacob Chirwa, Busiku Hamainza, Emmanuel Chanda, Ulrike Fillinger, and Clifford Maina Mutero

How blood-derived odor influences mate-choice decisions by a mosquito-eating predator, Fiona R. Cross, Robert R. Jackson, and Simon D. Pollard

How cross-modality effects during intraspecific interactions of jumping spiders differ depending on whether a female-choice or mutual-choice mating system is adopted, Fiona R. Cross and Robert R. Jackson

How do community health workers institutionalise: An analysis of Brazil’s CHW programme, Morgana G.Martins Krieger, Clare Wenham, Denise Nacif Pimenta, Theresia E. Nkya, Brunah Schall, Ana Carolina Nunes, Ana De Menezes, and Gabriela Lotta

How does adoption of labor saving agricultural technologies affect intrahousehold resource allocations? The case of push-pull technology in Western Kenya, Gracious M. Diiro, Monica Fisher, Menale Kassie, Beatrice W. Muriithi, and Geoffrey Muricho

How general are aphid responses to elevated atmospheric CO2, T. M. Bezemer, K. J. Knight, J. E. Newington, and T. H. Jones

How is organic farming performing agronomically and economically in sub-Saharan Africa?, Christian Schader, Anja Heidenreich, Irene Kadzere, Irene Egyir, Anne Muriuki, Joseph Bandanaa, Joseph Clottey, John Ndungu, Christian Grovermann, Gianna Lazzarini, Johan Blockeel, Christian Borgemeister, Adrian Muller, Fred Kabi, Komi Fiaboe, Noah Adamtey, Beate Huber, Urs Niggli, and Matthias Stolze

How Jumping Spiders See the World, Duane P. Harland, Daiqin Li, and Robert R. Jackson

How spiders practice aggressive and batesian mimicry, Ximena J. Nelson and Robert R. Jackson

How to turn collectors of edible insects into mini-livestock farmers: Multidimensional sustainability challenges to a thriving industry, Sarah Nischalke, Ingo Wagler, Chrysantus Tanga, David Allan, Chama Phankaew, Christian Ratompoarison, Andrianantenaina Razafindrakotomamonjy, and Elizabeth Kusia

Human health improvement in Sub-Saharan Africa through integrated management of arthropod transmitted diseases and natural resources., J. Baumgärtner, M. Bieri, G. Buffoni, G. Gilioli, H. Gopalan, J. Greiling, G. Tikubet, and I. Van Schayk

Human skin microbiota and their volatiles as odour baits for the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s, Niels O. Verhulst, Wolfgang R. Mukabana, Willem Takken, and Renate C. Smallegange

HUMIDITY EFFECTS ON ATHERIGONA SOCCATA: EGG DEVELOPMENT AND HATCH, ALEX G.L. DELOBEL

Humidity effects on response of Argas persicus (Oken) to guanine, an assembly pheromone of ticks, A. Hassanali, E. Nyandat, F. A. Obenchain, D. A. Otieno, and R. Galun

Humoral antibody response of rabbits to Rhipicephalus appendiculatus infestation., B. C. Njau and M. Nyindo

Hunger-driven response by a nectar-eating jumping spider to specific phytochemicals, Ximena J. Nelson and Robert R. Jackson

Hybridization between two polyphagous fruit-fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) causes sex-biased reduction in developmental stability, Nathalie Erbout, Marc De Meyer, and Luc Lens

Hybrid photovoltaic and wind mini-grids in Kenya: Techno-economic assessment and barriers to diffusion, Rasmus Magni Johannsen, Poul Alberg Østergaard, and Rebecca Hanlin

Hybrids Pre-zygotic barriers in hybrids between forms wild cowpea, Vigna unguilata (l.) walp, Daouda Kouadio, André Toussaint, Rémy S. Pasquet, and Jean Pierre Baudoin

Hydrological modeling of geophysical parameters of arboviral and protozoan disease vectors in Internally Displaced People camps in Gulu, Uganda, Benjamin G. Jacob, Ephantus J. Muturi, Erick X. Caamano, James T. Gunter, Enoch Mpanga, Robert Ayine, Joseph Okelloonen, Jack Pen Mogi Nyeko, Josephat I. Shililu, John I. Githure, James L. Regens, Robert J. Novak, and Ibulaimu Kakoma

Hygienic and grooming behaviors in African and European honeybees - New damage categories in Varroa destructor, Beatrice T. Nganso, Ayuka T. Fombong, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Christian W.W. Pirk, Charles Stuhl, and Baldwyn Torto

icipe Annual Report 2014, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Annual Report 2015, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Annual Report 2016, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Annual Report 2017, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Annual Report 2018, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Annual Report 2020, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Annual Report 2021, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Annual Report 2022, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Annual Report 2023, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Annual Report 2024, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Annual Report 2024

icipe Biennial Highlights 2011-2012, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Demonstrating Excellence 2007-2012, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Monthly Digest – Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2025, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Monthly Digest – Volume 1, Issue 2, February 2025, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Monthly Digest – Volume 1, Issue 3, March 2025, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Monthly Digest – Volume 1, Issue 4, April 2025, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Monthly Digest – Volume 1, Issue 5, May 2025, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

icipe Monthly Digest – Volume 1, Issue 5, May 2025, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe)

Identification and characterization of variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) Genes with diagnostic potential for Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Lucia Akinyi

Identification and risk assessment for worldwide invasion and spread of tuta absoluta with a focus on Sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for phytosanitary measures and management, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Samira F. Mohamed, Fathiya Khamis, and Sunday Ekesi

Identification and synthesis of sordidin, a male pheromone emitted by Cosmopolites sordidus, Josiane Beauhaire, Paul Henri Ducrot, Christian Malosse, Didier Rochat, Isaiah O. Ndiege, and Dalmas O. Otieno